1、English LearningUnit 4 Body Languages：Discover useful structuresEnglish LearningV-ingV-ing宾语宾语表语表语用于特定的动词和动词短语后面want,need,require,deserve,desire,be worth+doing+doing表被动含义表被动含义forget/remember/regret/try/mean/stop/go onto do/doingto do/doing 表示不同的含义用于形式宾语中具有具有形容词形容词的性质，意为的性质，意为“令人令人.的的”表示抽象性或习惯性的动作，说明
2、主语的内容表示抽象性或习惯性的动作，说明主语的内容English Learning1.1.SwimmingSwimming is my hobby.is my hobby.2.2.Smoking Smoking is harmful to your is harmful to your health.health.3.3.Listening to music Listening to music can make me relax.can make me relax.表示一种表示一种普遍性的事情普遍性的事情或一种或一种经验和经验和体会体会，一般用动名词作主语。，一般用动名词作主语。V-ing
3、form as the V-ing form as the SubjectSubjectEnglish Learning1.We can learn a lot about what people are thinking by watching their body language.2.The crucial thing is using body language in a way that is appropriate to the culture you are in.3.However,you should avoid making this gesture in Brazil 4
4、.,how close we stand to someone we are talking to predicate objectpredicative objectpredicateCan you find other examples of the-ing form from the reading text?English Learning5.Elsewhere,people favour shaking hands,bowing from the waist,or nodding the head when they meet someone else.6.A good way of
5、 saying“I am full”is moving your hand in circles over your stomach after a meal.7.Perhaps the best example is smiling.8.Experts suggest smiling at yourself in the mirror to 9.And if we are feeling down or lonely,there is nothing better than seeing the smiling face of a good friend.objectobjectobject
6、predicativepredicativeobjectpredicateobjectEnglish Learning1.动词-ing作表语，具有形容词的性质，说明主语的性质、特征等。Your speech is very interesting and encouraging.你的演讲非常有趣和鼓舞人心的。如:moving、exciting、inspiring、boring、surprising等，这类分词有“令人令人的的”的含义。2.动名词作表语多表示抽象性的或习惯性的动作，一般说明主语的内容。Her job is keeping the room clean.Keeping the ro
7、om clean is her job.他的工作是使房间保持干净。English Learning What I hate most is being laughed at.My job is looking after the children.我最痛恨的就是被别人嘲笑。我最痛恨的就是被别人嘲笑。我的工作就是照顾这些孩子。我的工作就是照顾这些孩子。-ing形式形式作表语作表语时放在时放在系动词系动词之后，用来之后，用来泛指某种动泛指某种动作或行为作或行为，以，以说明主语的身份说明主语的身份、性质性质或或情况情况。used as predicativeEnglish Learning His
8、concern for his mother is most touching.His words are encouraging.他对母亲的关爱很感人。他对母亲的关爱很感人。他的话很鼓舞人心。他的话很鼓舞人心。2.-ing形式形式作表语作表语时放在时放在系动词系动词之后，用来表示之后，用来表示主语主语所具有的特征所具有的特征。注：一般来讲，-ing 分词作表语有两种情况，一是名词性，这时主语和表语可以互换。即：Playing all kinds of music is our job.二是形容词性，表示主语的性质和特征，主表不可互换。English Learning1.作动词的宾语Would
9、 you mind opening the window?你介意打开窗户吗？注意注意:常接动词-ing形式作宾语的动词：避免错过少延期（避免错过少延期（avoid,miss,postpone)建议完成多练习（建议完成多练习（advise,finish,practise)喜欢想象禁不住（喜欢想象禁不住（enjoy,imagine,cant help)承认否定与嫉妒（承认否定与嫉妒（admit,deny,envy)逃避冒险莫原谅（逃避冒险莫原谅（escape,risk,excuse)忍受保持不介意（忍受保持不介意（stand,keep,mind)English Learning避免避免 错过错过
10、少延期少延期 avoid miss put off/postpone建议建议 完成完成 多练习多练习 suggest finish practise喜欢喜欢 想像想像 禁不住禁不住 enjoy imagine cant help承认承认 否定否定 与嫉妒与嫉妒 admit deny envy逃避逃避 冒险冒险 莫原谅莫原谅 escape risk excuse忍受忍受 保持保持 不介意不介意 stand keep mind接接V-ing作宾语的及物动词作宾语的及物动词英语中某些及物动词后习惯跟动名词作宾语，这类英语中某些及物动词后习惯跟动名词作宾语，这类动词是动词是：advise,delay,
11、appreciate,consider,be worth,feel likeEnglish Learning I cant avoid going.Do you enjoy teaching?我不能不去。我不能不去。你喜欢教书吗？你喜欢教书吗？I couldnt help laughing.我禁不住笑了起来。我禁不住笑了起来。They will put off doing it until next year.他们将推迟到明年再做此事。他们将推迟到明年再做此事。used as object English Learninga.a.两者意义区别不大。两者意义区别不大。如:start,begin,
12、continue等。They continued working/to work.他们继续工作。b.b.两者两者意义不同，意义不同，如:Remember to turn off the lights when you leave the room.在你离开房间之前，记得把灯关了。I remembered turning off the lights when I left the room.我记得我关了灯，当我离开房间的时候。现在还没关灯现在还没关灯灯已经关了灯已经关了English Learning Do you like reading?I should like to hear othe
13、rs views.I hate asking favors.He would hate to disappoint you.你你喜欢喜欢看书吗？看书吗？我我不愿意不愿意求人帮忙。求人帮忙。2.有些动词后可接有些动词后可接-ing或或to do作宾语作宾语，且，且意义相差不大意义相差不大。这类。这类动词有动词有:begin,love,like,continue,hate,propose,prefer等等。我我愿意愿意听听别人的意见。听听别人的意见。他他不愿意不愿意让你失望。让你失望。一般来说，这些动词后接一般来说，这些动词后接-ing作宾语作宾语通常通常指抽象的指抽象的、一般的一般的行为行为；而
14、接；而接to do则则强调具体动作强调具体动作。English Learning to do sth.doing sth.forgetrememberregretmeango onstop try忘记忘记去做去做某事某事忘记忘记已经做过已经做过某事某事记住记住去做去做某事某事记住记住曾做过曾做过某事某事遗憾遗憾去做去做某事某事后悔后悔做过做过某事某事打算打算/想做某事想做某事意味着做某事意味着做某事(做完某事做完某事)接着去做另一件事接着去做另一件事继续做同一件事继续做同一件事努力去做某事努力去做某事试着做某事试着做某事停下来去做另一件事停下来去做另一件事停止做一件事停止做一件事3.动词后接可
15、接动词后接可接V-ing,又接不定式（又接不定式（to do)English Learning I remember seeing you somewhere in London.Do you remember to post the letter?我记得在伦敦什么地方见到过你。我记得在伦敦什么地方见到过你。你记住寄这封信了吗你记住寄这封信了吗?remember doing sth.记得曾经做过某事记得曾经做过某事(动作已发生动作已发生)remember to do sth.记住做某事记住做某事（动作还没有发生）（动作还没有发生）I remember doing sth.=I did it a
16、nd now I remember this.You remember doing sth.after you have done it.I remember to do sth.=I remembered that I had to do it,and so I did it.You remember to do sth.before you do it.English Learning Why not try doing it in some other way?I tried to solve the problem but I couldnt.为什么不用其他办法试一试呢？为什么不用其他
17、办法试一试呢？我努力解答那个题，但我解不出。我努力解答那个题，但我解不出。try doing sth.试着做某事试着做某事 try to do sth.尽力去做某事尽力去做某事to say that we attempt to do sth.to say we test sth.to see if it improves a situationEnglish Learning Please stop talking aloud.They stopped to take photos.请不要大声说话。请不要大声说话。他们停下来去拍照。他们停下来去拍照。stop doing sth.停止做某事停止
18、做某事 stop to do sth.停下来正在做的事情去做另外一件事停下来正在做的事情去做另外一件事to say why we stop doing sth.to say what it is that we stop doingEnglish Learning避免避免 错过错过 少延期少延期 avoid miss put off/postpone建议建议 完成完成 多练习多练习 suggest finish practise喜欢喜欢 想像想像 禁不住禁不住 enjoy imagine cant help承认承认 否定否定 与嫉妒与嫉妒 admit deny envy逃避逃避 冒险冒险 莫原
19、谅莫原谅 escape risk excuse忍受忍受 保持保持 不介意不介意 stand keep mind4.接接V-ing作宾语的及物动词作宾语的及物动词英语中某些及物动词后习惯跟动名词作宾语，这类英语中某些及物动词后习惯跟动名词作宾语，这类动词是动词是：advise,delay,appreciate,consider,be worth,feel likeEnglish Learning4.-ing形式可作形式可作介词宾语介词宾语。例如：。例如：devote to,object to,pay attention to,get down to,lead to,look forward to
20、,insist on,put off,feel like,waste/spend(in)doing sth.,have trouble/difficulty(in)doing sth.等等。She insisted on writing at once.They objected to leaving the motel.她坚持马上就写。她坚持马上就写。他们反对离开这家汽车旅馆。他们反对离开这家汽车旅馆。I dont feel like going to the movie.我不想去看电影。我不想去看电影。English LearningV-ingV-ing形式的复合结构形式的复合结构sbs
21、+Ving 物主代词物主代词/人称代词人称代词/名词所属格或普通名词名词所属格或普通名词+ing分词分词(1)作主语（须用物主代词或名词所属格）作主语（须用物主代词或名词所属格）His/Toms not being chosen made us disappointed.Do you mind my closing the window?close the window 关窗户这个动作的逻辑主语是我。关窗户这个动作的逻辑主语是我。What I need now is his apologizing to my brother.apologize to my brother 的逻辑主语是他。的逻
22、辑主语是他。English LearningV-ingV-ing形式的复合结构形式的复合结构sbs +Ving 物主代词物主代词/人称代词人称代词/名词所属格名词所属格或普通名词或普通名词+ing分词分词 我姐姐病了，使我很担心。我姐姐病了，使我很担心。_ made we worried.My sisters being ill作状语作状语（须用须用普通名词普通名词或或主格代词主格代词,亦称独立亦称独立主格结构主格结构）Time permitting,well deal with the text.English LearningHe narrowly escaped _(run)over b
23、y a car.The bird was so lucky that it just missed _.(catch)What annoyed me most was _(cheat)by her over and over again.I have been looking forward to _(accept)here for a long time.being run being caughtbeing cheatedbeing acceptedTips:English LearningApplying the rulesApplying the rules1.Bills job is
24、 _ sign language.2.The theme of his presentation is _ barriers between groups.3.By _,we mean bending our head or body forward as a sign of respect or shame.4._ three kilometres of heavy traffic took me almost 25 minutes.5.We intended to visit the theme park but ended up _ Professor Zhang.Complete th
25、e sentences using the-ing forms of the words and phrases in the box.(P41)amuse,teach,break down,call on,bow,get through,assessteachingbreaking downbowingGetting throughcalling onEnglish LearningApplying the rulesApplying the rules Reading body language is not an easy task.It can be _ because interpr
26、eting the signs that another person shows requires _.In this sense,it can be compared to a doctor _._ is also key to reading peoples body language accurately.For example,when _,some people avoid eye contact.By contrast,others may _ eye contact even longer than usual.Complete the passage with the cor
27、rect forms of the words and phrases.(P41)lie,challenge,consider individual differences,maintain,consider the whole picture,evaluate a patients conditionchallengingevaluating a patients condition considering the whole picture lyingmaintainConsidering individualdifferencesEnglish LearningTalk about th
28、e body language you can read from the following pictures.Use at least one-ing form for each picture.P41 4Possible answer:The boy is fearful,trying to run away from an angry dog.Possible answer:The man enjoys looking at himself in the mirror.Possible answer:The woman shows her impatience by looking a
29、t her watch.English Learning1.Scientists have responded by _(note)that hungry bears may be congregating(聚集)around human settlements,2019全国卷2.A 90-year-old has been awarded“Woman Of The Year”for _(be)Britains oldest full-time employee-still working 40 hours a week.2019全国卷3.When the children are walki
30、ng or _(cycle)to school on dark mornings,2019浙江卷notingbeingcyclingEnglish Learning1.It took the workmen only two hours to finish _ my car.A.repairing B.repair C.to repair D.repaire2.Mr.Smith made up his mind to devote all his life to _some schools for poor children Aset up Bsetting up Chave set up D
31、having set upABEnglish Learning3.Have you forgotten _$1000 from me last month?Will you please remember _ it tomorrow?A.borrowing;to bring B.to borrow;bring C.borrowed;bringing D.borrowing;bringing4.We should often practise _ English with each other.A.to speak B.spoke C.speak D.speakingADEnglish Lear
32、ning.用括号内所给单词的适当形式填空。用括号内所给单词的适当形式填空。1.Rachels fathers job is _(teach)maths in a high school.2.Miss Zhang suggested _(buy)a dictionary at the beginning of this term.3.Anna,who is my best friend,feels like _(take)a walk with me after supper.4.Its a waste of time _(argue)about the question again.5.I d
33、ont think the joke is _ (interest)at all.teaching/to teachbuyingtakingarguinginterestingEnglish Learning6.The real problem is _ (understand)how the system works.7.Would you mind _(tell)me your address?I may visit you on the weekend.8.I remember _(invite)you.Why didnt you attend the get-together?9.Tomas wont play basketball with you because he is fond of _(play)football.10.The boss said we must try to avoid _(repeat)the same mistake again.understanding/to understandtellinginvitingplayingrepeatingEnglish Learning
