1、SpeechonHitlersInvasionoftheU.S.S.R1.To comprehend the whole story2.To master the vocabulary and expressions3.To understand and appreciate the style and rhetoric of the passage:repetition,alliteration,assonance.4.Finish the exercise No.V,VI,X,XI,XII.5.Group work:Make a speech on Hitlers invasion of
2、the U.S.S.R(about 200 words)Everybody should write it down and hand in the exercise books.l1.When and how did the Germans attack the Soviet Union?l2.What was Churchills reaction to the news of Hitlers invasion of Russia?l3.Why did Churchill side with the Soviet Union since he had always been an avow
3、ed enemy of communism?l4.What policy did Churchill declare Britain would pursue?l5.What was Hitlers motive in invading Russia?lU.S.S.R.:the Union of Soviet Socialist RepublicslWorld War II:(1937/1939-1945)lThe conflict resulted from the rise of totalitarian,fascism in German,Japan and ItalylJuly 7.1
4、937 lJapan invaded Central China.lSep.1938 lMunich Pact,which sacrificed much of Czechoslovakia to GermanylAug.1939lRussia-Germany non-aggression pactlSept.1,1939lGerman invasion of Poland lSept.3,1939lFrance and Britain declared war on Germany,officially beginning World War IIlJune 22,1940lFrance s
5、urrendered.lAug-Oct.1940lThe Battle of Britain (2,300 to 900)lJun 22.1941 lGerman invasion of the Soviet Union.Dec.7,1941 Pearl HarbourlSept.1943lthe Allies conquered Sicily and South Italy.Italy surrendered.lMay 7.1945lGermany surrendered unconditionally.lAug.14,1945 lJapan announced its surrender.
6、lAdolph Hitler,(1889-1945)founder and leader of the National Socialist German Workers Party,was born an Austrian.1920 the Nazi Partyl1933 Chancellor l1934lthe union of the presidency and chancellorship in Hitlers person,lthe FhrerlTHE THIRD REICH l1944 lan assassination attempt lApril 29,1945lmarrie
7、d his long-time mistress,Eva BraunlApril 30,1945lcommitted suicidelMEIN KAMPT-My StrugglelAryans SuperioritylNazi:National sozialistlthe National Socialist German Workers PartylElite Corps,black guardsl党卫军、黑衫党 GESTAPO:secret state police CHURCHILL Sir Winston Leonard Spencer Churchill(Nov.30,1874-Ja
8、n.24,1965 May 1940-May 1945 first tenure as P.M.Oct.1951-Jan.1955 second tenure as P.M.1953 knightedSir Winston Churchill1953 the Nobel Prize in Literature1955 refusing the title of duke lmasterpieces of orationlhighly persuasive and convincingleloquent:forceful expressions,structure,words with abst
9、ract meaning lemotional:language to arouse sympathy,hatred and passion 1.Speech,address,oration,lecture,talklspeech:a public speech without regard to its q u a l i t y,d e g r e e o f preparation,the quality of its speaker or audience lG e n e r a l w o r d laddress implies formality and careful pre
10、paration,and often gives emphasis to the importance of the speech.lThe president is scheduled to deliver three addresses on his trip.loration:formal and solemn public speech.It suggests eloquence,rhetorical style,and usu.a dignified but sometimes high-flown or long-winded appeal to the emotions o f
11、a l a r g e a u d i e n c e o r assembly.llecture:It often implies r e a d i n g.I t c o m m o n l y d e s i g n a t e s a c a r e f u l l y prepared speech on a special t o p i c i n t e n d e d t o g i v e information and instruction to a group of students.ltalk stresses informality.It may be used
12、 to designate e i t h e r a l e c t u r e o r a n address when the speaker wishes to emphasize his desire to speak directly and simply to his audience as individuals.lThis changed conviction into certainty.l2.conviction:a very firm and sincere belief lConviction usu.implies previous doubt or uncerta
13、inty.lHis political convictions are radical.l3.certainty:the state of being definite or having no doubtsl(here in the text)clearly established fact 21I had not the slightest doubt where our duty and policy layPresently Dill hastened down from London.5.lie:exist,be found,reside6.presently:before long
14、,soon7.hasten:move fastcf:hurryHasten implies urgent quickness while Hurry carries a strong implication of confusion and agitation.22invaded Russia on an enormous front,had surprised a large portion of Soviet.Air force grounded on the airfieldsl10.surprise:attack suddenly and without warninglThey su
15、rprised the enemy from the rear.l11.ground:(of pilot or plane)to stay on the groundlgrounded on the airfield:lying still on the airfield 23lI suppose they will be rounded up in hordes.l14.round up:to collect/gather together scattered animals,A cowboy/dog rounds up the cattle/sheep.l15.horde:a large
16、number or crowd,throngla horde of locustslWhen a contemptuous term is desired,it is preferred to crowd and throng,esp,when implying rude,rough or savage character.24I spent the day composing my statementno time to consult the War Cabinetl16.consult:to go to a person,a book for advice,information or
17、opinionlHave you consulted the doctor about your illness?Translate:查字典lto consult a dictionary 25I knew we all felt the same on the issue.l17.issue:the point at which an unsettled matter is ready for a decisionlmajor issues of principlelthe act of publishing or officially giving out or making availa
18、blelHave you seen the latest issue of the magazine?26lbe at issue:of importancelThat is not the point at issue.lv:to produce,to provide officiallylto issue an order/a statementlto issue a set of stampsl 27 Hitler was counting on enlisting capitalist and Right Wing sympathiesl18.count on:depend on,ex
19、pect,take into accountlIf there is anything I can do,count on me.l19.enlist:win the support of,get the help or sympathylCan I enlist your help in collecting the money for victims?Hitler was wrong and we should go all out to help Russiathe same would be true of U.S.A.l21.go all out:to spare no effort
20、,to make ones utmost effortlWe will go all out to support the development of the west.l22.be true of:be the same case,be suitable tolWhat he says of women is true of men.29Churchill reverted to this theme and I asked whether for him,the arch-anti-communist,this was not bowing down in the house of Ri
21、mmon.l24.revert to:to go back to a former subject,talk about againlShall we revert to our previous topic?l25.arch:principal,chief larch-angel,bishop,criminal,enemy,rebel,rival,etc.30lRimmon:a deity worshipped by Syrians of Damascus.lSyrian Captain Naaman had leprosy.lHis Israeli servant told Elisha,
22、a prophet God.lElisha told Naaman to wash in the Jordan River 7 times and thus he was cured.31lNaaman therefore had faith in God and convert to Christianity.lBut being a Syrian,he had to follow his King to worship in the House of Rimmon.lElisha granted him permission to do so.lbow down in the house
23、of Rimmon:you do sth.outwardly with mental reservation lRhetoric of the underlined Part:lmetaphor 32Churchill:Not at all.I have only one purpose,the destruction of Hitler,and my life is much simplified thereby.l27.thereby:by that means,by doing or saying thatlOur body can sweat,thereby losing heat b
24、y evaporation.l 33 lcf:therefore:as a result;for that reason,solTranslate:我思故我在lI think;therefore I am.lIt rained;therefore the game was called off.34 If Hitler invaded Hell I would make at least a favourable reference to the Devil in the House of Commons.28.Devil-Satan,most powerful evil spirit,the
25、 source of evil in the world.29.reference:a piece of written information about sbs character,ability,esp.when he is looking for employment 35lcf:lA testimonial is kinder than a reference because it is shown to the person it describes while a reference is truer because it is not shown to him.A recomm
26、endation is a letter or statement that speaks in favour or praise of sb.esp,when he is looking for a job.I was awoken at 4a.m by a telephone message from the F.O to the effect that Germany had attacked Russia I therefore postponed telling him till 8.His only comment:Tell B.B.C,I will broadcast at 9
27、tonight.l31.to the effect:with the information that,meaning thatlHe had a telegram to the effect that his mother is ment:remark expressing an opinion,judgement(written or spoken)l 37The Nazi regime is indistinguishable from the worst features of Communism.It is devoid of all theme and principle exce
28、pt appetite and racial domination.l33.regime:a type or form of government,often derog.la corrupt regimelHe was tortured under the Saddam regime.38The Nazi regime is indistinguishable from the worst features of Communism.It is devoid of all theme and principle except appetite and racial domination.l3
29、5.devoid of:(fml)lacking in,complete without,empty oflHe is complete devoid of human feelings.l36.theme:(Here in the text)basic good value,virtue,ideal,unifying idea 39l37.appetite:a strong desire to conquerl38.racial domination:the state of having controlling power over the other races by the Aryan
30、 nationlAryans superioritylracial equality/discriminationlracism/racist 40ldominate:have controlling influence or power over,lShe completely dominates the family and makes all the decisions.lThe dominant political party of the country is socialist.lTranslate:The Nazi regime is indistinguishable from
31、 the worst features of Communism.It is devoid of all theme and principle except appetite and racial domination.41It excels all forms of human wickedness in the efficiency of its cruelty and ferocious aggression.l39.excel:surpass,be superior to,outdo,exceed lHe excels in music and art/courage/at foot
32、ball.l40.wickedness:badness,evill41.efficient:working well,quick and without waste 42Paraphrase:It excels all forms of human wickedness in the efficiency of its cruelty and ferocious aggression.lThe Nazi regime is extremely cruel.It has invaded other countries in the most savage way.The invasions ar
33、e so effective that they surpass all other kind of human cruelty.lThe Nazi regime is very effective in cruel suppression of and savage attack on other countries,in this respect it is worse than any other known form of evil.43No one has been a more consistent opponent of Communism than Il42.consisten
34、t:constant,faithful,continually keeping to the same principleslWhen you make a sentence,the subject and the verb should be consistent.l43.opponent:one who is on the opposite side in a contest or in a conflict 44All this fades away before the spectacle which is now unfolding.The past,with its crimes,
35、follies,tragedies,flashes away.l44.unfold:(lit.)to become clear,more fully knownlHe gradually unfolded her plan to them.l47.folly:(fml)foolishness,unwise act 45I see the Russian soldiersguarding the fields which their fathers have tilled from time immemorial,I see them guarding their homes where mot
36、hersprayof the safetyreturn of their bread-winnerchampion.l50.immemorial:going beck beyond the reach of memoryl51.champion:person who fights for,supports strongly,or defends a principle,a movement,person,etc.46I see ten thousand villages where the means of existence is wrung so hardly from the soil.
37、l52.means of existence:(Here)food and clothing to keep people alive,things for people to survivel53.wring(wrung):to press hard on,squeeze,to twist,to get by forcelHis sad story wrung our hearts.l54.hardly:(rare)with effort or difficulty,with force,in a severe manner 47where the means of existence is
38、 wrung so hardly from the soil,but where there are still primordial human joys,where maidens laugh and children play.l55.primordial:fundamental and primitive,basiclprimordial joys:pleasures shared commonly by all human beingsl 48I see advancing upon all this hideous onslaught the Nazi war machine,wi
39、th its clanking,heel-clicking,dandified officers,l57.hideous:ugly,morally offensive,very wickedla hideous crime/criminall58.clank:metallic sound made by the swords and sabres(军刀)lThe prisoners ankle chains clanked.49l59.dandy:a person who gives too much attention to dresslcf:playboy:a person who dev
40、otes his life in pursuit of pleasureldandified:dressed like a dandylHere:German officers in uniforms with shoulder boards,insignias(勋章)and decorations 50its crafty expert agents fresh from the cowing and tying down of a dozen countries.l60.crafty:cleverly deceitful,cunning,foxy lcraft:skill in decei
41、ving people for a bad purposela man full of craftl61.fresh from:recently returnedl62.cow:to bring under control by violence or threatsl63.tie down:A person who ties you down restricts your freedom.l(here)to enslave 51 I see also the dull,drilled,docile,brutish masses of the Hun soldiery plodding on
42、like a swarm of crawling locusts.l64.dull:stupid,not cleverlA dull speech/city/personl65.docile:easily taught or led,obedient,easy to managel66.brutish:brutal,beast-likel67.Hun:(derog.offensive)German soldierl68.plod:continue to walk slowly difficultly l69.swarm:a large group(of insects moving in a
43、mass),throngI see the German bombers and fightersstill smarting from many a British whipping,delighted to find what they believe is an easier and safer prey.l71.smart:feel painful in one part of the bodylHe was still smarting under/over her unkind words.l72.prey:victim,a person or animal killed or h
44、unted How many”I see”in the text and the rhetoric of them:Behind all this glarestorm,I s e e t h a t v i l l a i n w h o p l a n,organize,launch this cataract of horrors upon mankind.l74.villain:a mean person who is completely given to crime,evil,a thoroughly wicked manl7 5.c a t a r a c t:l a r g e
45、,s t e e p waterfall,overwhelming downpourlcataract of horrors:unparalleled miseries 54declare the decision-and I feel sure its a decision I which the great Dominion will in due course concur.l76.dominion:a self-governing nation of the British Commonwealthl77.in due course:in due time,at the suitabl
46、e/proper timelI will answer all your questions in due course.55lconcur:1)agree,express agreementlShe has expressed her opposition to the plan,and I fully concur with her in this matter.l2)(of events,etc)happen together;coincidelEverything concurred to produce the desired result.l 56We have but one a
47、im and one single,irrevocable purposel78.irrevocable:that cannot be changed once started lThe decision to close the business is irrevocable.lrevoke:(fml)withdraw or cancellto revoke orders,promisesl 57We are resolved to destroy Hitler and every vestige of the Nazi regime.l79.resolved:be firm and fix
48、ed in purposelShe was resolved to become a ballet dancer.l80.vestige:trace,mark or sign of sth.that once existed but has passed away or disappearedlAfter the flood,not a vestige of the buildings remained.58We shall fight him by land,by sea,in the air,until,with Gods help,we have rid the earth of his
49、 shadow and liberated its people from his yoke.l82.rid of:make free from a burden or sth.UndesirablelWe wish to rid the country of corruption.l84.yoke:Here:power,control,crushing burden 59l86.appeal:1)to make a strong request for help,support,etc.lHe appeals me for help.lThe government is appealing
50、to the world to rescue its people from the disaster.l 60This is no class war without distinction of race,creed,or party If Hitler imagine his attack will cause the slightest divergence of aims or slackening of effort in the great democracies who are resolved upon his doom,he is woefully mistaken.l89
