1、【 精品教育资源文库 】 Unit 1 Great scientists 单元加餐练 . 完形填空 Do you think you have what it takes to be a successful scientist? A successful scientist is generally a good observer. He makes full _1_ of the facts he observes. He doesnt accept ideas which are not _2_on obvious facts, and therefore _3_to accept a
2、uthority as the only reason for truth. He always checks ideas _4_ and makes experiments to prove them. The rise of _5_ science may perhaps be considered to _6_ as far back as the _7_ of Roger Bacon,the wonderful philosopher of Oxford,who lived _8_ the years 1214 and 1292. He was probably thefirst in
3、 the Middle Ages to suggest that we must learn science _9_ observing and experimenting on the things around us, and he himself _10_ many important truths. Galileo (15641642), however, who lived more than 300 years later, was the greatest of several great men in Italy, France, Germany, and England, _
4、11_ began to show how many important _12_ could be discovered by observation by degrees. Before Galileo, learned men believed that large bodies fell more _13_ towards the earth than small ones, _14_ Aristotle said so. But Galileo, going to the _15_ of the Leaning Tower of Pisa, let fall two _16_ sto
5、nes and proved Aristotle was wrong. It was Galileos _17_ of going direct to Nature, and proving our _18_ and theories by experiment, that has led to all the discoveries of modern science. What _19_ those people good scientists? From the example of Galileo, we know it clearly that successful scientis
6、ts are those whose observations have _20_ better results. 篇章导读：本文是一篇议论文。作者通过实例阐明自己的观点：一个科学家应该是一个很好的观察者，不能盲目相信他人，应该通过观察和实验来获得正确的观点和理论。 1 A.use B time C speed D trust 答案： A 根据语境可知，此处是 make use of “ 利用，使用 ” 这一固定词组。 2 A.relied B based C insisted D centered 答案： B 根据该空前的 “H e doesnt accept ideas” 和后面的 “on
7、 obvious facts”可知，此处是 be based on/upon 这个固定词组，表示 “ 以 ? 为基础，基于 ?” 。 3 A.refuses B desires C intends D regrets 答案 ： A 由空格前面的 “doesnt accept” 和 “and therefore” 可知 ， 此处应选refuses， 表示 “ 拒绝 ” 。 4 A.casually B carefully 【 精品教育资源文库 】 C quickly D secretly 答案： B 结合语境 “H e always checks ideas” 和后面的 “makes expe
8、riments to prove them” 可知，此处表示仔细地核查那些观点。 5 A.natural B physical C ancient D modern 答案 ： D 根据下一段的最后一句话中的 “that has led to all the discoveries of modern science” 可知 ， 此处表示 modern science “ 现代科学 ” 的兴起。 6 A.date B keep C look D come 答 案： A 由下文的 “the years 1214 and 1292” 可知，现代科学的兴起可以追溯到很早的时期。 date back 是
9、一个固定词组，意为 “ 追溯到 ” 。 7 A.study B time C year D birth 答案： B 结合空格后面的 “the years 1214 and 1292” 可知，此处表示罗杰 培根那个时代。 time 这里指 “ 时代，年代 ” 。 8 A.both B each C between D among 答案： C 根据空格后面的 “the years 1214 and 1292” 可知， 此处应选 between 与 and连用，表示 “ 在 ? 和 ? 之间 ” 。 9 A.in B with C on D by 答案： D 根据后面的 “observing and
10、 experimenting on the things around us” 可知，此处表示通过 (by)观察我们周围的事情并做实验，因此选 by。 10 A.brought B discovered C took D gave 答案： B 结合空格后面的 “many important truths” 可知，他本人发现 (discovered)了很多重要的真 理。 11 A.who B when C that D where 答案： A 结合空格前面的 “was the greatest of several great men” 可知，先行词是 men，故用 who 引导定语从句。 12
11、 A.truths B problems C people D subjects 答案： A 由空后的 “could be discovered by observation” 及上文第 10 空所在句子可知，很多真理可以通过观察得到发现。 truth “ 事实，真理 ” 。 13 A.slowly B rapidly C lightly D heavily 答案： B 结合空格前面的 “large bodies fell more” 和后面的 “towards the earth 【 精品教育资源文库 】 than small ones” 可知，在 Galileo 之前，学者们认为重的物体
12、比轻的物体自由落体的速度更快，因此选 rapidly “ 迅速地 ” 。 14 A.although B because C when D if 答案： B 根据 “Aristotle said so” 的意思可知，这里表示因为 (because)亚里士多德是这样说的。 15 A.place B foot C top D ceiling 答案： C 结合空格后面的 “of the Leaning Tower of Pisa, let fall two _ 16_ stones” 可知，伽利略跑到了比萨斜塔的塔顶。 16 A.big B small C equal D unequal 答案 ：
13、D 由第 13 空中的关键信息 “large bodies” 和 “small ones” 可知 ， 此处表示使用了两个不同重量的石头 ， 因此选 unequal “ 不相等的 ” 。 17 A.spirit B skill C theory D discovery 答案： A 由后面的 “of going direct to Nature” 可知，此处表示探索自然的精神(spirit)。 18 A.plans B opinions C world D ability 答案： B 与后面的 “andtheories by experiment” 中的 theories 呼应，此处表示通过实验证
14、明我们的观点 (opinions)和理论。 19 A.makes B prevents C considers D promises 答案 ： A 由下文 中的 “are those whose observations have _ 20_ better results”可知 ， 此处是说 “ 什么使这些人成为好的科学家 ” 。 make “ 使 ? 变成 ” 符合句意。 20 A.foreseen B rejected C produced D challenged 答案： C 结合上文中所举的例子可知，观察已经产生 (produced)了更好的结果。 . 阅读理解 A 【 精品教育资源
15、文库 】 Albert Einstein had a great effect on science and history, and his achievement was even greater than only a few other great scientists have achieved.AnAmericanuniversity president once said that Einstein had made a new outlook, a new view of the universe. It may be some time before the average
16、mind understands fully the identity (特性 )of time and space and so on but even ordinary men now understand that the universe is something larger than ever thought before. By 1914 young Einstein had been worldfamous. He accepted the offer to become a professor at the Prussian Academy of Science in Ber
17、lin. He had few duties, little teaching and unlimited chances for study, but soon his peace and quietness were broken by World War . Einstein hated fighting and killing. The great suffering of war affected him deeply, and he sat unhappily in his office doing little.He lost interest in his research.
18、Only when peace came in 1918 was he able to get back to work. In the year following World War I, honours were increasingly put on him. He became head of the Kaiser Whihem Institute of Theoretical Physics. But he himself refused the effort to put him in a position far above other people.He was well k
19、nown for his humble (谦逊的 ) manner. He often said that his success would certainly have been achieved by others if he had never lived. In 1921 he won the Nobel Prize, and he was honoured in Germany until the rise of Nazism (纳粹 ) when he was driven from Germany because he was a Jew. 篇章导读：本文是一篇人物传记。文章简
20、要介绍了著名科学家爱因斯坦的事迹，及其对科学和历史产生的巨大影响及其重大贡献。 1 The main idea of the first paragraph is _ . A the difficulty of Einsteins thought to others B the feeling of an American university president towards Einstein C the difference between science and history D the change in human thought produced by Einstein 答案：
21、 D 段落大意题。第一段讲述了爱因斯坦对科学和历史产生了巨大影响，同时也使人们的思想产生 了巨大的变化。 2 It seems to the American university president that _ . 【 精品教育资源文库 】 A Einstein achieved more than any other scientist in history B everybody understands Einsteins scientific ideas C the new view of the universe can be quickly learned by everyone D our ideas about the universe are different today because of Einstein 答案： D 推理判断题。由第一段最后一句可知，爱因斯坦的理论使人们对宇宙的看法发生了转变。 3 Einstein did his greatest work _ . A when Nazism rose B when he was young C during World War D after he left Europe 答案： B 推理
