1、2022-12-141.宾语从句宾语从句是每年中考的必考内容是每年中考的必考内容（单项选（单项选择，完型填空和阅读理解）择，完型填空和阅读理解）2.主要考查宾语从句的三大要素：主要考查宾语从句的三大要素：考点分析考点分析连接词、语序、时态连接词、语序、时态 We know him We know he likes English.主主s s主主s s谓谓v v谓谓v v宾宾o o宾宾o o在复合句中充当宾语成分的从句叫宾语从句。在复合句中充当宾语成分的从句叫宾语从句。主主s s谓谓v v宾宾o o简单句简单句复合句复合句 一、什么 是宾语从句？试比较Do you know who is the
2、 first Chinese astronaut(宇航员宇航员)?Our teacher told us that the earth goes around the sun.Please tell me where she has gone.I dont know if he will come tonight.Lets find out whats on tonight.Find out the Object Clauses We are proud of that Beijing is one of the biggest cities in the world .引导陈述句：引导陈述句
3、：引导一般疑问句：引导一般疑问句：引导特殊疑问句：引导特殊疑问句：连接词连接词thatwhether,ifwho,whom,whose,which,what，where,how,why,when等等连接词连接词thatthat引导的宾语从句引导的宾语从句that在句中无词汇意义，在从句中不能在句中无词汇意义，在从句中不能充当成分，在口语和非正式文体中常充当成分，在口语和非正式文体中常省略。省略。我听说他一小时后回来。我听说他一小时后回来。I hear(that)he will be back in an hour.他说他非常想念我们。他说他非常想念我们。He said(that)he miss
4、ed us very much.连接词连接词if,whetherif,whether引导的宾语从句引导的宾语从句whether,if 有有“是否是否”的含义，在从句的含义，在从句也不充当成分。也不充当成分。老师问我们是否准备好了期末考试。老师问我们是否准备好了期末考试。The teacher asked us _ we were ready for the final exam.if/whether 连接词连接词if,whetherif,whether引导的宾语从句引导的宾语从句只用只用whether不用不用if引导的宾语从句。引导的宾语从句。1.whether 与与 or not 连用，而连
5、用，而if不行。不行。2.在介词后用在介词后用whether而不用而不用if.3.动词不定式前用动词不定式前用whether而不用而不用if.1.I dont know _ he will come or not.2.I dont care of _ he is handsome.3.He wondered _ to stay here tomorrow.whetherwhetherwhether连接代词和连接副词引导的宾语从句连接代词和连接副词引导的宾语从句连接代词连接代词what,which,who等在从句中可充当等在从句中可充当主语，表语，宾语等；主语，表语，宾语等；连接副词连接副词wh
6、en,where,how等在从句中可充当等在从句中可充当状语。状语。1.Can you tell me _ he is.（他在哪儿他在哪儿）2.Could you tell me _ I can get to the station.（我该怎么去车站我该怎么去车站）3.Please tell me we will have a meeting.（我们什么时候开会我们什么时候开会）wherehowwhen 1.Can you tell me_ you were born,Betty?A.who B.what C.when D.that2.I hardly understand_ he has t
7、old me.A.that B.what C.which D.who3.She doesnt know_ back or not.A.whether B.if C.when D.what4.I dont know _ he will go fishing tomorrow.A.whether B.where C.what D.when5.Do you know _ they listened to yesterday?A.what B.when C.why D.howCBABA小试牛刀小试牛刀I dont know where I should go.Find out the rules.Te
8、ll me how I can do it.Tell me how to do it.结论：由连接代词和连接副词引导的宾语从结论：由连接代词和连接副词引导的宾语从句句 疑问词疑问词+to do 的简单句。的简单句。I dont know where to go1.I dont know what I shall do next.I dont know next.2.John didnt decide which book he would buy.John didnt decide .3.Can you tell me how I can get to the bus stop?Can you
9、 tell me the bus stop?4.Please tell Lucy how she can use the MP5.Can you tell Lucy the MP5.what to dowhich book to buyhow to get to how to use一展身手一展身手将下列问句变成陈述句。1.Can he swim?swim.2.Does he have a pen?a pen.3.Which place did he go to?Which place .He canHe hashe went to将上面的句子置于一个主句后，变成一个宾语从句。e.g.Can
10、you tell me if/whether he can swim?宾语从句的语序宾语从句的语序:宾语从句都是运用陈述句的语序，即是宾语从句都是运用陈述句的语序，即是“主主语在前，谓语在后语在前，谓语在后”的顺序。的顺序。宾语从句的语序宾语从句的语序 Can you tell me if/whether he has a pen?Can you tell me which place he went to?Correct the mistakes(改错改错)1.He asked me why was I late for school.2.He doesnt know that when h
11、e can come back.3.Lily said she didnt know how much did the computer cost.4.I dont know if he can help me or not.5.Tom didnt know what he does yesterday.1.He asked me why was I late for school.I was 注意语序。宾语从句的语序必须是陈述语序。注意语序。宾语从句的语序必须是陈述语序。即先主语后谓语即先主语后谓语2.He doesnt know that when he can come back.去掉去
12、掉that宾语从句中不能同时用两个连接词宾语从句中不能同时用两个连接词3.Lily said she didnt know how much did the computer cost.4.I dont know if he can help me or not.去掉去掉did宾语从句应用陈述语序宾语从句应用陈述语序whetherwhetheror not5.Tom didnt know what he does yesterday.did当主句是一般过去时的时候，当主句是一般过去时的时候，宾语从句宾语从句必须运用相应的过去的某一种必须运用相应的过去的某一种 时态时态宾语从句中时态的变化宾语从
13、句中时态的变化I hear(that)Jim (be)a worker two years ago.Jim (be)an English teacher.Jim (cook)dinner tomorrow.Jim (sing)a popular song now.Jim (be)to the Great Wall twice.Jim (play)basketball when his father came back.Jim (learn)1000 Chinese words by the end of last semester.wasiswill cookis singinghas bee
14、nwas playinghad learned1.当主句是一般现在时，宾语从句的时态不作限制，当主句是一般现在时，宾语从句的时态不作限制，我们可以根据句子的需要使用任何一种时态。我们可以根据句子的需要使用任何一种时态。2.2.当主句是一般过去时的时候，宾语从句必须运用相当主句是一般过去时的时候，宾语从句必须运用相应的过去的某一种时态。应的过去的某一种时态。1)He will go to Hong Kong.2)He is sick.3)He is reading a book.4)He has finished his work.1)he_ to Hong Kong.2)he_ sick.3)
15、he_ a book.4)he_He saidwould go waswas reading his work.had finished 宾语从句中时态的变化宾语从句中时态的变化 3.3.当宾语从句说明的是客观存在的事实或者是客观存当宾语从句说明的是客观存在的事实或者是客观存在的真理时，就不用受到主句时态的限制，仍是用一般在的真理时，就不用受到主句时态的限制，仍是用一般现在时态。现在时态。He told me(that)Summer is after Spring.I was told (that)the sun is much bigger than the moon.My parents
16、told me(that)no news is good news.宾语从句中时态的变化宾语从句中时态的变化熟熟 能能 生生 巧巧1.She said that she _ (be)right.2.She said that she _(will)fly to America in a week.3.The teacher said that the moon_ (move)around the sun.4.She said that she _ (finish)her homework already.5.I wonder where they _(go)tomorrow.waswouldm
17、oveshad finishedwill go1.Well plant trees tomorrow,and I dont know_ Tom will come and join us.A.if B.which C.what 2.I wanted to know _.A.what did she say B.why does she go to bed late C.why she went to bed late AC3.Do you know _ tomorrow?Sorry,I dont know.You may surf the Internet.A.whether will it
18、rain B.if it will rain C.whether does it rain4.I dont know _ he will come or not.A.if B.whether C.that BB5.-I dont know if he _ to Kates birthday party.-He will go if he _.A.goes,knows B.will go,knows C.goes,will know 6.She asked the doctor _ keep healthy A.how to B.how can she C.how she can BA 7.-C
19、ould you tell me _?.-Its next to the post office.A.where the supermarket is B.where is the supermarket C.where was the supermarket A8.Could you tell me _ it.A.how to do B.how can I do C.what to do A 9.Mike_ laughing at others _.A.thinks,isnt right B.think,isnt right C.doesnt think,is right10.Mary,co
20、uld you tell me if your mother _ our school sports meeting tomorrow?I think she will come to school if she _ free.A.will take part in;will be B.takes part in;is C.will take part in;is CC宾语从句三要素宾语从句三要素连接词连接词thatthat（陈述句（陈述句 ）ififwhetherwhether（一般疑问句（一般疑问句）特殊疑问词特殊疑问词（特殊疑问句（特殊疑问句)时态时态主句为一般现在时主句为一般现在时从句可为任何时态从句可为任何时态主句为一般过去时主句为一般过去时从句从句一般过去时一般过去时过去将来时过去将来时过去进行时过去进行时过去完成时过去完成时语序语序宾语从句的语序都为陈述句语序宾语从句的语序都为陈述句语序客观真理客观真理 自然现象自然现象公式定理公式定理 名言警句名言警句 时态不变时态不变本课小结本课小结
