1、Unit 3A healthy life核心单词abusestressstressfulstressed1_ n&vt.滥用；虐待2_ n压力；重音vt.加压力于；使紧张_ adj.产生压力的；紧张的_ adj.焦虑不安的；感到有压力的bandue3_ vt.禁止；取缔n禁令；谴责4._ adj.欠款的；预定的；到期的addictedaddictaddictioaccustom5_ adj.入了迷的；上了瘾的_ n有瘾的人vt.使沉溺；使上瘾_ n沉溺；嗜好6_ vt.使习惯于_ adj.惯常的；习惯了的accustomedautomaticautomatically7_ adj.无意识的；自
2、动的_adv.无意识地；自动地mentalmentally8_ adj.精神的；智力的_ adv.精神上；智力上effect9_ n结果；效力unfitfitnessfitstrengthenstrength10_ adj.不健康的；不合适的；不合格的_ n健康_ adj.健康的；合适的11_ vt.加强；巩固；使坚强vi.变强_n力量；力气_ adj.强壮的strongdesperate12_ adj.绝望的；拼命的disappointed13_ adj.失望的；沮丧的_adj.令人失望的_ vt.使失望；使扫兴_n失望disappointingdisappointdisappointmen
3、t14_ adj.感到惭愧或羞耻的_ n羞愧_ adj.可耻的_ adj.无耻的；厚颜的15_ n理解(力)comprehension16_ adj.不合法的；违法的_ adj.合法的17_ n幸存_ v幸存；生还18_ n偏见；成见illegallegal19_ n看法；判决；判断_ v判断20_ adj.尴尬的；陷入困境的_v(使)尴尬_ n尴尬survival21_ adj.局促不安的；笨拙的surviveprejudiceashamedshameshamefulshamelessjudgementjudgeembarrassedembarrassembarrassmentawkward
4、常考短语dueaddictedaccustomed1_ to 由于2be _ to 对有瘾3be _ to 习惯于4._ on 对V决定5_ like(doing)想要(做)6in_ of 不顾；不管7take _(a _)冒险decidefeelspiterisksrisk8_ into 陷入；染上(坏习惯)9_ risk 处境危险；遭受危险10_ an _ on 对有影响11_ away 扔掉getathaveeffectthrow经典佳句Itseemsamazingthat1 _ _ _ _ at my age I amstill fit enough to cycle 20 kilom
5、eters in an afternoon.像我这样的年纪，身体健康而且能在一个下午骑车跑 20 公里，感到惊讶吧。2_ _ _，if you do the same thingover and over again,you begin to do it automatically.正如你所知，如果你反复做同一件事情，你就会开始自动地去做。3 _ _ _ _ because I wantyou to live as long and healthy a life as I have.我真希望你能那样做，因为我盼着你也能像我一样健康长寿。AsyouknowIdohopeso4It is not
6、easy to stop smoking,but millions have _to quit and _ _ _.戒烟不容易，但几百万人都成功地戒掉了烟，所以你也能。managed5 You can tell by looking at someone _ _ they have HIV.你可以通过观察一个人是否携带 HIVsocanyou来辨别。ornotwhether课文回顾addictedhavingmentallyJames grandfather wrote to help James quit smoking.Jamesgrandfather once became 1._ (a
7、ddict)to cigarettes inthree ways.His body was accustomed to 2 _(have)nicotine.He began to do it automatically and became 3._(mental)addicted.But he finally managed to stop 4._realizing the harmful 5._(effect)of it.He also told Jamesthat smoking 6._ damage to heart and lungs and it wasmore7._ (diffic
8、ulty)for smoking couples to becomepregnant.8._ he gave James some advice and encouragedhim not to be 9._(disappoint)If he kept 10._(try),he would succeed eventually.wheneffectsdiddifficultSodisappointedtrying单句语法填空1(2017 年江苏卷 阅读理解 B)This observation hints that_ (effect)embryonic learning could signa
9、l neurological(神经系统的)strengths of children to parents.2(2017 年江苏卷阅读理解 D)The loss of glaciers(冰川)there due _ global warming represents an enormous threatto agriculture.effectiveto3 Toms parents are worried that he is _ to thecomputer games which are _ to children.(addict)4The man had so little educat
10、ion that he was _(fit)for this job.addictedaddictiveunfit5Faced with such an _ matter,she really felt_.(embarrass)embarrassingembarrassed6As we know,everyone has both strengths and _(weak)Therefore，we shouldnt look down upon whoever looksweak.weaknessesstrengthenstressfulstressed7 We all agreed on a
11、n idea to _(strong)thecooperation between our two parties.8After a _ week of work,all the employees wereextremely _ and tired.(stress)9It seems _(amaze)that he can walk such a longway.amazingon10Decide _ a day to quit smoking.1stress n压力；重音vt.加压力于；使紧张lay/put/place stress on 把重点放在上；强调under stress 在压力
12、之下under the stress of 为所迫stress the importance of 强调的重要性stressful adj.产生压力的；紧张的(一般指物)stressed adj.感到有压力的(一般指人)【写作佳句】I support Susans opinion completely that as a good gift,weought to lay stress on the givers heart rather than its price.我完全同意苏珊的观点，一份好的礼物，我们应该看重送礼人的心意stressfulstressedunder而不是礼物本身的价格。运
13、用单句语法填空(1)After a _(stress)week of work,all the employeeswere tired.(2)Katy could think clearly when not _(stress)(3)We forgave his bad temper because we knew that his sonsillness had put him _ great stress.2ashamed adj.感到惭愧或羞耻的be ashamed of sb.为某人羞愧be ashamed of oneself for doing.某人因做了而感到羞愧be asham
14、ed to do.耻于做；因做而羞愧Its a shame/pity that.是令人遗憾的事。辨析ashamed,shameful 和 shameless(1)ashamed 是指“感到羞耻的；觉得惭愧的”，表示主语主观认为可耻的，只能做表语。(2)shameful 表示事物本身的客观性质是“可耻的”，可做表语或定语。(3)shameless 意为“无耻的；没有廉耻的；不要脸的”。运用单句语法填空(1)He is ashamed _ his failure.(2)He was ashamed of himself _ being behind hiswork.offorshame(3)It
15、is a _(shameful)that she isnt here to see it.3effect n结果；效力have an effect/influence/impact on 对有影响put/bring/carry.into effect 付诸实施in effect 事实上；实际上take effect 生效；奏效come into effect 开始实施；开始生效side effect 副作用effective adj.有影响的；有效的辨析effect 和 affect(1)effect 做名词时，意为“结果；影响”；做动词时，意为“使发生；实现”，如：to effect a c
16、hange/recovery/cure 产生变化；实现复苏；产生疗效。(2)affect 做动词时，意为“影响；感染；侵袭”；做名词时，意为“情感；引起感情的因素”。运用单句语法填空(1)This regulation came _ effect from December 1st,2016.intoon/uponininto(2)I am writing to tell you that the finless porpoise in theYangtze River is becoming extinct because humans activities havea bad effect
17、 _ them.(3)Some ancient laws are still _ effect.(4)It wont be easy to put the changes _ effect.4risk n冒险；风险vt.冒风险；冒做某事的风险at risk 处境危险；遭受挫折at all risksat any risk 无论冒什么险，无论如何at ones own risk 由自己负责，自担风险at the risk of doing sth.冒着的危险risk ones life 冒生命危险risk doing sth.冒险做【写作佳句】The soldier was willing to
18、 risk his life to save his motherland.为了挽救祖国，这个士兵宁愿冒牺牲他自己性命的危险。运用单句语法填空(1)You are taking a big risk in _(trust)him.(2)He decided to get there even _ the risk of his life.(3)Any man who smokes cigarettes is risking _(lose)his life.trustingatlosingown(4)If you dont obey me,you should be at your _ risk
19、.1decide on 对作出决定decide to do 决定做decide for 作出对有利的决定decide against doing 决定不做make/come to/arrive at/reach a decision 作出决定【联想发散】decision n决定decisive adj.决定性的；关键的decided adj.明白无误的；确实无问题的undecided adj.未拿定主意的；犹豫不决的运用单句语法填空(1)Even if you decide _ a career in science,its stillimportant to go to humanities
20、 classes.(2)He decided against _(take)part in the Englishspeech contest.ontakingdecision(3)When its time to make a _(decide),my bossseems to solicit everyones opinion.2feel like(doing)想要(做)would like to do sth.想要做某事would like sb.to do sth.希望/想要某人做某事【名师指津】feel like 的基本意义是“感觉像；摸起来像”。类似的短语还有：seem like,
21、look like,sound like 等，其中 like 都是介词。运用单句语法填空(1)I wouldnt like to go for a walk.I feel like _(stay)at home reading this novel.(2)I would like you _(help)my brother with hisEnglish.stayingto helpto buy(3)I would like _(buy)a copy of the dictionary.3in spite of 不顾；不管in spite of oneself 不由自主地in spite of
22、 the fact that(从句)尽管事实上辨析in spite of,despite,though 和 although这四个词(组)意思相近，但 in spite of/despite 其后跟名词或动名词。而 though/although 是连词，引导让步状语从句。运用单句语法填空(1)In spite _ all his faults,he is still a good comrade.(2)In spite of the fact _ he was careful,he was alwaysin debt.ofthatin(3)I know whatever you try,yo
23、ull win _ spite of earlydifficulties.4get into 陷入；染上(坏习惯)；着手get into trouble 惹上麻烦；陷入困境get into debt 负债累累get into the habit of 养成的习惯get out of the habit of.戒掉的习惯【联想发散】get across(使)通过；(使)被理解；(把)讲清楚get along with 进展；相处get away 逃脱；离开get over 克服困难；痊愈；爬过；越过get through 通过；接通电话get down to 开始做某事运用用适当的介词或副词填空
24、(1)The girl has got _ the habit of playing with her hairwhile reading.(2)A smile can help us get _ difficult situations andfind friends in a world of strangers.(3)After Christmas Im going to get down _ someserious job-hunting.intoovertoaway(4)I wont have you getting _ with cheating in theexam.原句1It
25、seems amazing that at my age I am still fit enoughto cycle 20 kilometers in an afternoon.像我这样的年纪，身体健康而且能在一个下午骑车跑 20 公里，感到惊讶吧。It seemsadj.that 引导的主语从句。it 做形式主语，指代的是后面的“at my age I am still fit enough to cycle 20 kilometersin an afternoon”。引导主语从句的连词有：连接代词(whom,what,which 等)，连接副词(whom,where,how 和 why)及
26、从属连词that/whether。运用单句语法填空(1)It seems _(amaze)that after class Jack still stayedin the classroom to continue his reading.(2)_ amazes us is that we can get information aboutwhat is happening around the world in a few seconds online.(3)_ seems that light energy will be an importantsubject of scientific
27、 research in the future.amazingWhatIt原句2I do hope so because I want you to live as long andhealthy a life as I have.我真希望你能那样做，因为我盼着你也能像我一样健康长寿。(1)该句中“I do hope so”为一种特殊形式的强调。“do/does/did动词原形”构成强调句，意为“确实，的确”，用来加强谓语动词的语气，但须符合以下条件：句子是肯定句；句子的时态为一般现在时或一般过去时。(2)该句中“as long and healthy a life as I have”为比较
28、结构，其 句 式 为“as adj.a/an n.as.”意 为“和 一样”。运用单句语法填空(1)To my great joy,the plant _(do)look exactlylike what we were looking for.does/didas(2)As a matter of fact,getting rid of a bad habit is as mucheffort _ forming a good one.原句3It is not easy to stop smoking,but millions havemanaged to quit and so can y
29、ou.戒烟不容易，但几百万人都成功地戒掉了烟，所以你也能。句中的“so can you”为“sobe 动词/助动词/情态动词主语”结构，表示前面所述的情况也适用于后者。注意：(1)“Nor/Neither be 动词/助动词/情态动词主语”，表示前面否定的陈述也适用于后者。(2)“So主语be 动词/助动词/情态动词”，表示对前面所述内容的进一步证实或肯定。运用单句语法填空(1)Mary is friendly to our classmates and so _ you.(2)My brother likes playing the piano and so _ I.(3)He wont g
30、o to the football match tonight.Neither _I.aredowilldid(4)I heard Tom got the first prize in the contest.Yes.So he _.mentaltheaddictedhavingIt运用所学语言基础知识，补充完整下面短文，并背诵下来In order to relax 1._(mentally)stress,many people,especially adolescents,get into 2_ habit of smoking.Theperson who begins to smoke w
31、ill become 3._(addict)tocigarettes and eventually he will be accustomed to 4._(have)nicotine in his body.5._ is well known that smokingdoes harm to the health of 6._(smoke)as well as thesmokerswhichproductionillegalquittingpeople around,and a lot of people die of lung cancer and heartdisease due to
32、smoking.Whats worse,cigarettes,7._ arevery expensive,waste a lot of money and may cause fire.So it isnecessary for the government to reduce the 8._(produce)of tobacco and make smoking 9._(legal)so that smokerswill decide on 10._(quit)smoking.语法填空(四)语法填空常考点之有提示词(4)谓语动词与非谓语动词语法填空题中涉及谓语动词和非谓语动词的题是高考的重要
33、内容，10 个空中一般有 36 个，括号内给了动词，关键是要判断句子中是需要谓语还是非谓语动词，是需要谓语动词则要考虑谓语动词的时态、语态、人称的单复数、语气等，如果需要非谓语动词，则考虑是不定式、动名词、现在分词还是过去分词。4不定式首先分析句子结构，若句子中已有谓语动词且不是并列谓语时，需考虑非谓语动词。然后分析非谓语动词在句中做何成分，再根据各非谓语动词的特点确定填哪种形式。对于不定式的考查，需注意不定式的时态和语态，熟记常考接不定式做宾语的动词以及一些常考句式。【例】(2017 年新课标卷语法填空).They are required_63_(process)the food that
34、 we eat,to recover from injury andfor several other bodily functions.解析：to process考查不定式。句意：他们被要求加工食物。require 表示“要求”，require sb.to do sth.表示“要求某人做某事”，被动形式为“sb.be required to do sth.”，表示“某人被要求做某事”。故填 to process。1 Since the plants took a while to grow，he started cuttingdown trees _(sell)the wood.解析：to
35、sell 砍树的目的是卖钱，故这里用动词不定式形式在句中做目的状语。故填 to sell。5v.-ing 形式现在分词做状语，表示自然而然的结果或伴随，且与句子主语构成逻辑上的主动关系；现在分词做定语表示动作的主动进行或正在进行中；动名词做主语表示一般的、抽象的或习惯性动作；此外，应熟记能用动名词做宾语的动词或动词短语。【例】(2017 年新课标卷语法填空).But unlike schoolfriends,16-year-old Sarah is not spending half-term _61_(rest)Instead,she is.解析：resting考查固定搭配。spend ti
36、me(in)doing sth.为固定搭配，句意为“萨拉没有花半学期的时间来休息”。故填 resting。2(2016 年湖南株洲市质检)She knew when my fathers carwas coming down the road,and would run around 68.(madly)barking then rush out to the front driveway and sit there _(wait)for him.解析：waiting句中已有谓语动词 sit，故应考虑非谓语动词。由于 wait 与其所修饰的名词 she 之间为逻辑上的主谓关系，故用表示主动意义
37、的现在分词形式做伴随状语，因此填 waiting。6过去分词过去分词可做状语、定语或补语，表示被动与完成；若做表语常考查形容词性化的过去分词；过去分词不可做主语或宾语。【例】(2015 年新课标卷语法填空).A study of travelers_68_(conduct)by the website TripAdvisor names Yangshuo asone of the top 10 destinations in the world.解析：conducted句中出现双动词，conduct 与 names 且无连词，通过 name 的第三人称单数形式可判定 names 为句子的谓语，
38、故判定设空处应填非谓语动词形式做“a study”的定语。conduct 与 study 之间为动宾关系，故用表示被动的过去分词形式。此外，by 是解题的关键词，conducted by.意为“由所做的”。故填 conducted。3(2016 届安徽省安庆市月考改编)When he was ready toleave he found his bicycles front tyre(轮胎)flat.He had to look fora place along the street to get his bicycle _(repair)解析：repaired get sth.done 意为
39、“使某物被做”，此处的bicycle 和 repair 之间为被动关系，故填 repaired。dsfdbsy384y982ythb3oibt4oy39y409705923y09y53b2lkboi2y58wy0ehtoibwoify98wy049ywh4b3oiut89u983yf9ivh98y98sv98hv98ys9f698y9v698yv98x98tb98fyd98gyd98h98ds98nt98d8genklgb4klebtlkb5k tkeirh893y89ey698vhkrne lkhgi8eyokbnkdhf98hodf hxvy78fd678t9fdu90gys98y9shi
40、hixyv78dfhvifndovhf9f8yv9onvkobkw kjfegiudsfdbsy384y982ythb3oibt4oy39y409705923y09y53b2lkboi2y58wy0ehtoibwoify98wy049ywh4b3oiut89u983yf9ivh98y98sv98hv98ys9f698y9v698yv98x98tb98fyd98gyd98h98ds98nt98d8genklgb4klebtlkb5k tkeirh893y89ey698vhkrne lkhgi8eyokbnkdhf98hodf hxvy78fd678t9fdu90gys98y9shihixyv78
41、dfhvifndovhf9f8yv9onvkobkw kjfegiudsfdbsy384y982ythb3oibt4oy39y409705923y09y53b2lkboi2y58wy0ehtoibwoify98wy049ywh4b3oiut89u983yf9ivh98y98sv98hv98ys9f698y9v698yv98x98tb98fyd98gyd98h98ds98nt98d8gen56384866666gjfdghmghm56384866666gjfdghmghm56384866666gjfdghmghm56384866666gjfdghmghm56384866666gjfdghmghm
42、56384866666gjfdghmghm56384866666gjfdghmghm56384866666gjfdghmghm56384866666gjfdghmghm56384866666gjfdghmghm56384866666gjfdghmghm56384866666gjfdghmghm56384866666gjfdghmghm56384866666gjfdghmghm56384866666gjfdghmghm56384866666gjfdghmghm56384866666gjfdghmghm56384866666gjfdghmghm56384866666gjfdghmghm56384866666gjfdghmghm56384866666gjfdghmghm56384866666gjfdghmghm56384866666gjfdghmghm￥1111111111111111111111111111111222222222222222222222222222222222222222222222222222222223333333333333333333333333333333333333333333333333333333333333333333344444￥
