1、板块一 语法板块 语法填空和短文改错第二步 考点通关第6讲动词的时态和语态刷题组题型突破析考点规律探密目 录ONTENTS动词的时态和语态已成为高考语法填空和短文改错的必考内容。主要有以下特点：1时态的考查以“情景立意”为主，主要考查考生在具体的语境下运用各种时态的能力。2时态的考查以现在时和过去时为主，语态的考查主要集中在一般过去时的被动语态和现在完成时的被动语态或者是被动语态中过去分词的误用上。因此考生必须能够正确拼写动词的过去式和过去分词。3语法填空和短文改错对动词时态、语态的考查不是孤立的，它必须和主谓一致联系在一起，因此考生做题时一定要弄清主语。【考点练悟】(单句语法填空)1(201
2、8浙江卷)I still remember visiting a friend whod lived here for five years and I (shock)when I learnt she hadnt cooked once in all that time.2(2018全国卷)Since 2011，the country (grow)more corn than rice.3(2017全国卷)When fat and salt (remove)from food，the food tastes as if it is missing something.was shockedh
3、as grownare removed4(2017全国卷)Steam engines (use)to pull the carriages and it must have been fairly unpleasant for the passengers，with all the smoke and noise.5(2017全国卷)Later，engineers (manage)to construct railways in a system of deep tunnels(隧道)，which became known as the Tube.6(2017全国卷)Sarah (tell)t
4、hat she could be Britains new supermodel,earning a million dollars in the next year.were usedmanagedhas been told/was told7(2017全国卷)Sarah says，“My dad thinks I should take the offer now.But at the moment，school (come)first.”8(2016全国卷)So it was a great honour to be invited backstage at the notforprof
5、it Panda Base,where ticket money helps pay for research.I (allow)to get up close to these cute animals at the 600acre eswas allowed 规律总结1时态：尽管课标或考纲中列出了10种时态，但近三年全国卷高考真题主要考查了一般现在时和一般过去时两种时态。尽管如此，以下8种时态的基本用法和构成还是应掌握的：2.语态：这里指被动语态，被动语态与时态结合，形成各种时态下的被动语态：3.解答时态、语态题时具体应做到：(1)通过“时态定义”解决时态问题：准确理解常考时态的定义是做题
6、的根本。(2)通过“标志性状语”解决时态问题：在题干中，yesterday,tomorrow,always,in the past few years,so far等都是动词时态常用的标志性状语，做题时可以通过寻找时间标志词来判定时态。(3)通过“动作先后关系”解决时态问题：当句中有两个或两个以上的动词时，它们的发生时间有一定的先后关系。我们可以根据这种先后关系来判定时态。(4)通过“语境暗示”解决时态问题：有些题目在时间状语和其他参照物都不明显的情况下，通过正确理解语境也是解决时态问题的一条行之有效的方法。(5)通过“常用句式”解决时态问题：掌握常用句式也是解决时态问题的快速且行之有效的方式
7、，因此要熟记一些常用句式。(6)通过“逻辑关系”解决语态问题：有时做题时我们对于时态问题比较关注，但往往忽略了语态，因此我们可以采用“先语态、后时态”的方式。(7)特殊动词特殊对待：有些动词(短语)的用法特殊，例如：belong to不用于进行时和被动语态；date back to/date from常用于一般现在时等。对此熟练掌握是准确解题的前提。【考点练悟】(单句改错请按照高考要求直接在原句上修改)1(2018全国卷)I didnt realize how right my parents are until I entered high school.2(2018全国卷)During m
8、y last winter holiday，I went to the countryside with my father to visit my grandparents.I find a big change there.3(2017全国卷)About one month after this photo was took,I entered my second year of high school and become a new member of the school music club.4(2016全国卷)Every day he makes sure that fresh
9、vegetables and high quality oil are using for cooking.5(2015四川卷)As I tell you last time，I made three new friends here.6(2014陕西卷)Suddenly the arrows were flying down at us from the skythey were looked like rain!规律总结.单句语法填空1(2018天津七校4月联考)I was ill that day，otherwise I (take)part in the sports meet.2(2
10、018黑龙江哈六中期末)Festivals and celebrations of all kinds (hold)everywhere since ancient times.Most ancient festivals would celebrate the end of cold weather.would have takenhave been held3(2018重庆巴蜀中学一诊)For more than 50 years，travelers (use)the international drivers license to travel in foreign countries.
11、4(2018山西太原期末)The reason for this is that Britains supermarkets (experience)huge changes in the past decades.5(2018辽宁六校期末联考)When we got home，she was fine except that all her books (throw)out of the window.have used/have been usinghave experiencedhad been thrown6(2018辽宁东北育才中学第五次模拟)In todays world we a
12、re constantly surrounded by technology.Its true to say that technology (make)our lives easier.7(2018青岛市期末)Bettys heart was free of the bitterness and hatred(憎恨)she (carry)for most of her life.Forgiveness for her father was a gift she gave to herself.8(2018黑龙江大庆实验中学期中)For some reason I (stay)with rel
13、atives currently，and in their living room sits a piano which is my favourite musical instrument.makeshad carriedam staying9(2018湖南郴州质检)The first practical cooling system for use in industry (invent)by Willis Carrier in New York，the USA.10(2018山东泰安市期末)It (take)me quite a while to find a parking place
14、 for my car，and in the end I had to leave it in a narrow street，some way away from the dentists.was inventedtook.单句改错(请按照高考要求直接在原句上修改)1Unfortunately,when my husband went downstairs,he found the machine had been broke.2This is the second time that I visited the famous national park.3Just now,Joanna i
15、s about to open the door for her son when the telephone rang.4It has been over three years since they get in touch with each other.5(2018南充二模南充二模)Caroline is the very person who give me a hand when necessary.6When you will wake up tomorrow,you will be a little better.7In the past two and a half year
16、s,our school had organized many activities.8(2018山西四校联考)Instead of punishing me that day,my parents just hoped that I will never make such a foolish mistake again.语法填空 The First World War postcard has 1._(final)been sent after many years.It is a very old postcard.This postcard was from a 19yearold s
17、oldier，Alfred，during the First World War.He 2._(write)this postcard and sent it to his lovely sister Nell 3._ January 1916.The postcard is dated 1916 and 4._ is a cartoon picture of a new soldier on the front.Alfred has written to his sister，“Dear Nell，just 5._ postcard to let you know I have not fo
18、rgotten you.On the other side you will see our orders for next week.I will need your pity.Write to me，your brother Alfred.”Sadly，Alfred 6._(kill)in a flight in 1918 before the card arrived.7._(year)later，his sister died in 1964.The postcard is marked 1916 and again September 2010 when it was stamped
19、 to arrive.But the postman couldnt find the 8._(receive)any more.The post office said it was out of the question that the card was with 9._(they)all the time.They regularly cleaned out their offices and post boxes.The 10._(postcard)history for the last 94 years is still a mystery.语篇解读文章讲述一战时一名战士给妹妹邮
20、寄了一张明信片，直到2010年才送到，但是却找不到收信人了。逐题讲解：The First World War postcard has 1._(final)been sent after many years.It is a very old postcard.This postcard was from a 19yearold soldier，Alfred，during the First World War.He 2._(write)this postcard and sent it to his lovely sister Nell 3._ January 1916.The postca
21、rd is dated 1916 and 4._ is a cartoon picture of a new soldier on the front.1解析：考查副词。此处为副词作状语，故填finally。答案：finally2解析：考查动词的时态。根据and前后部分时态一致的原则可知，此处用过去时，故填wrote。答案：wrote3解析：考查介词。某年某月前用介词in。答案：in4解析：考查固定用法。此处是there be句型，故填there。答案：thereAlfred has written to his sister，“Dear Nell，just 5._ postcard to l
22、et you know I have not forgotten you.On the other side you will see our orders for next week.I will need your pity.Write to me，your brother Alfred.”Sadly，Alfred 6._(kill)in a flight in 1918 before the card arrived.7._(year)later，his sister died in 1964.5解析：考查冠词。此处泛指一张明信片，故填a。答案：a6解析：考查动词的时态和语态。根据arr
23、ived可知时态是过去时，根据句意可知他被杀了，故填was killed。答案：was killed7解析：考查名词单复数。此处指“多年”以后，故用复数，在句子开头首字母要大写，故填Years。答案：YearsThe postcard is marked 1916 and again September 2010 when it was stamped to arrive.But the postman couldnt find the 8._(receive)any more.The post office said it was out of the question that the c
24、ard was with 9._(they)all the time.They regularly cleaned out their offices and post boxes.The 10._(postcard)history for the last 94 years is still a mystery.语篇解读文章讲述一战时一名战士给妹妹邮寄了一张明信片，直到2010年才送到，但是却找不到收信人了。8解析：考查名词。此处指“收信人”，故填receiver。答案：receiver9解析：考查代词。此处为宾语，用宾格代词，故填them。答案：them1 0 解 析：考 查 名 词 所
25、有 格。此 处 指 明 信 片 的 历 史，用 名 词 所 有 格，故 填postcards。答案：postcards.短文改错 I still remember the first day I come to this new school.Everything was new to me，what made me realize I was no longer a small child.I had to depend on me.Luckily，I made several good friend.Their interests were similar with mine.I had great English teacher，Maggie.She let me know the important of English.So I decided to learn English hardly.Although it was very difficult at first，but with the help of my teacher，I made rapidly progress.Just as the old saying goes，“Where there is a will，there is a way.”
