1、U UNITNIT 8 8GREEN GREEN LIVINGLIVING1.tap n.龙头；阀门龙头；阀门2.tissue n.纸巾纸巾3.battery n.电池电池4.carbon n.碳碳5.just-me-ism n.以自我为中心以自我为中心6.gallon n.加仑加仑7.institute n.机构；研究院机构；研究院8.chimpanzee n.黑猩猩黑猩猩.认认阅读单词阅读单词词汇句型9.foundation n.基础；地基基础；地基10.brick n.砖，砖块砖，砖块11.wag vi.&vt.(狗狗)摇摇(尾巴尾巴)12.quote n.引文，引用引文，引用(的话的话
2、)13.headstone n.墓碑墓碑14.county n.县县15.pedal vi.&vt.骑骑n.踏板踏板16.diagram n.图解，示意图图解，示意图17.honey n.蜂蜜蜂蜜18.butter n.黄油，牛油黄油，牛油19.yoghurt n.酸奶酸奶20.air conditioning n.空调系统空调系统21.landfill n.废弃物填埋场废弃物填埋场22.clean-burning adj.清洁焚烧的清洁焚烧的23.waste-to-energy adj.以垃圾作为能源的以垃圾作为能源的24.footwear n.鞋类鞋类25.near-surface adj
3、.近地表的近地表的.记重点单词记重点单词1.ocean n.海洋，大海海洋，大海2.smog n.雾霾雾霾3.desert n.沙漠沙漠4.recycle vi.&vt.再利用，回收利用再利用，回收利用5.flat n.一套公寓房，一套一套公寓房，一套住房住房 adj.平坦的平坦的6.root n.树根树根7.shoot n.芽，苗；嫩枝芽，苗；嫩枝-vt.射中；射击射中；射击8.firm adj.坚实的；稳固的坚实的；稳固的9.poster n.海报海报10.profit n.盈利，利润盈利，利润11.contented adj.满意的；满足的满意的；满足的12.occur vi.发生发生1
4、3.region n.地区，区域地区，区域14.slim adj.微小的；苗条的；薄的微小的；苗条的；薄的15.rate n.比率，比率，率率16.overcome vt.克服克服(困难困难)；控制；控制(感情感情)17.former adj.以前的，从前的以前的，从前的18.current adj.当前的，现时的当前的，现时的19.ordinary adj.普通的；平常的普通的；平常的20.therefore adv.因此；由此因此；由此21.path n.小径，小道小径，小道22.destination n.目的地；终点目的地；终点23.resident n.居民居民24.attitude
5、 n.看法；看法；态度态度25.plastic adj.塑料制的塑料制的26.indicate vt.表明；显示表明；显示27.build-up n.增长；加强增长；加强28.overflow vi.&vt.满是，有许多；泛滥满是，有许多；泛滥.知拓展单词知拓展单词1.global adj.全球的，全世界的全球的，全世界的globe n.球体；地球球体；地球globally adv.全球地，全世界地全球地，全世界地2.industrial adj.工业的工业的industry n.工业工业3.extinction n.灭绝灭绝extinct adj.灭绝灭绝的的4.solution n.解决，
6、解决办法解决，解决办法solve v.解决解决5.electricity n.电电electric adj.电动的电动的electrical adj.与电有关的与电有关的electronic adj.电子的电子的6.transport n.交通运输系统，运输方式交通运输系统，运输方式 vt.运输；传播运输；传播transportation n.运输；交通工具运输；交通工具7.balance n.平衡平衡balanced adj.平衡平衡的的8.bothered adj.担心的；烦恼的担心的；烦恼的bother v.烦扰，麻烦烦扰，麻烦9.involve vt.参与；包含参与；包含involve
7、d adj.卷入的；有关的卷入的；有关的involvement n.牵连，参与牵连，参与10.founder n.创办人，创始者创办人，创始者found v.创办；成立创办；成立11.agriculture n.农业农业agricultural adj.农业农业的的12.proposal n.建议，提议建议，提议propose v.建议，提议建议，提议13.determination n.决心；毅力决心；毅力determine v.决定决定determined adj.坚定的；坚决的坚定的；坚决的14.parking n.(车辆等的车辆等的)停放停放park v.停车停车15.disappea
8、r vi.消失，不见消失，不见disappearance n.消失，消失，不见不见16.tracking n.跟踪跟踪track v.跟踪跟踪 n.踪迹踪迹17.official n.官员，高级职员官员，高级职员 adj.公务的；官方的公务的；官方的officially adv.官方地官方地office n.办公室办公室18.percentage n.百分比，百分率百分比，百分率percent n.百分数百分数19.container n.容器容器contain v.容纳容纳20.annually adv.每年；一年一度地每年；一年一度地annual adj.每年的；一年一度的每年的；一年一度
9、的21.pollutant n.污染物污染物pollute v.污染污染pollution n.污染污染22.flooding n.水灾，洪水泛滥水灾，洪水泛滥flood n.洪水洪水.背核心短语背核心短语1.do my part for sth.尽尽自己所能做某事自己所能做某事2.not be bothered to do sth.懒得懒得做某事做某事3.take action采取采取行动行动4.all around the world全世界全世界5.make sbs dream come true(使使)某人某人梦想成真梦想成真e up with想想出，想到出，想到7.work throu
10、gh调整调整(情绪情绪)8.take part(in)参加参加9.cut back on削减，缩减削减，缩减10.to sum up总之总之1.consideration n.考虑；体谅考虑；体谅2.consult vt.咨询；请教；商量咨询；请教；商量3.contradict vt.反驳；相矛盾反驳；相矛盾4.contradictory adj.相互矛盾的；对立的相互矛盾的；对立的5.contrary adj.相反的相反的6.conventional adj.传统的；因循守旧的传统的；因循守旧的7.controversial adj.有争议的；引起争议有争议的；引起争议的的词汇句型8.con
11、versation n.谈话；交谈谈话；交谈9.convince vt.说服；使确信说服；使确信10.convincing adj.令人信服的令人信服的1.Of course，it wouldnt matter if there were just a few people in the world.(if引导的虚拟条件句引导的虚拟条件句)当然，如果世界上只有几个人这样，那就无所谓了。当然，如果世界上只有几个人这样，那就无所谓了。2.To inspire young people to take action for the environment，animals and their comm
12、unity，Roots&Shoots was established.(to do 置于句首置于句首作目的状语作目的状语)为了激励年轻人行动起来保护环境、动物和他们的社区，为了激励年轻人行动起来保护环境、动物和他们的社区，“根与芽根与芽”诞生了诞生了。词汇句型3.People would leave the bike in the place where they finished their journey，so that someone else could then take it and use it from there.(so that引导目的状语从句引导目的状语从句)人们在行程结
13、束时就地停放自行车，以便其他人能继续使用。人们在行程结束时就地停放自行车，以便其他人能继续使用。4.In 1999，the“white bikes”returned to Amsterdamthis time with a computer tracking system to record their every move！(with 复合结构复合结构)1999年，年，“白色自行车白色自行车”回到了阿姆斯特丹回到了阿姆斯特丹这次安装了电子跟踪这次安装了电子跟踪系统以记录它们的系统以记录它们的“一举一动一举一动”！5.The new“white bikes”were not actually
14、white but painted in bright colours.(not.but.)新的新的“白色自行车白色自行车”实际上不是白色的，而是被涂上了鲜艳的颜色。实际上不是白色的，而是被涂上了鲜艳的颜色。6.Thanks to the ideas and efforts of many people，like the cycling fans of the 1960s and those who enabled the return of“white bikes”，you can now enjoy clean air and easy transport in central Amste
15、rdam.(those 作先行词的定语从句作先行词的定语从句)由于这个创意以及众多人的努力，例如由于这个创意以及众多人的努力，例如20世纪世纪60年代的骑行爱好者和年代的骑行爱好者和那些让那些让“白色自行车白色自行车”回归的人，现在人们可以在阿姆斯特丹的市中回归的人，现在人们可以在阿姆斯特丹的市中心享受清新的空气和便利的交通心享受清新的空气和便利的交通。请先从表格中选用本单元所学词汇完成下列短文，然后核对答案并请先从表格中选用本单元所学词汇完成下列短文，然后核对答案并背诵该短文。背诵该短文。I used to leave tap water running and lights on whil
16、e I was not using them.I was not bothered to pick litter up and it never 1.to me that I could do my part for oceans and deserts.I just thought that not me，but others were to blame for smog，global warming and the 2._ of wildlife.词汇串记extinction，solution，majority，recycle，occur，indicate，current，come up
17、withoccurredextinctionHowever，everything changed after I was introduced to“Roots and Shoots”,whose founder was Jane Goodall，a best-known expert on wild chimpanzees.The purpose of the organisation is not to gain profits but to involve more young people into working out 3.to pollution and a balanced e
18、cosystem.In fact，we hold an activity once a month,the organiser choose one destination,and the 4.of us will take part in it.extinction，solution，majority，recycle，occur，indicate，current，come up withsolutionsmajorityWe may put up posters to educate people to 5.honey or butter containers，which mostly ar
19、e made of plastic.We may advocate cutting back on disposable packaging.Sometimes we help clean up pollutants in rivers；sometimes we 6.proposals that clean-burning and waste-to-energy plants should be built.Some local residents have negative attitude to our activities，but we just work through our fru
20、stration and overcome difficulties.extinction，solution，majority，recycle，occur，indicate，current，come up withrecyclecome up with7.，branches of organisation have spread to many counties in China and to all around the world，which 8.a large percentage of people are doing ordinary things to make the world
21、 better.extinction，solution，majority，recycle，occur，indicate，current，come up withCurrentlyindicatesadj.担心的，烦恼的担心的，烦恼的(bother v.麻烦，操心；使苦恼麻烦，操心；使苦恼)1 not be bothered to do sth.懒得做某事懒得做某事 be bothered about sth.为为而担心而担心/烦恼烦恼 bother to do sth.操心操心/费心做某事费心做某事 bother sb.with/about sth.用某事打扰某人用某事打扰某人 bother
22、sb.to do sth.麻烦某人做某事麻烦某人做某事 It bothers/bothered sb.that./to do.使某人烦恼的是使某人烦恼的是bothered(1)My older brother couldnt be bothered (play)with me.(20207月浙江月浙江)(2)The organiser seemed not to be bothered the attitude of others at all.(3)I am sorry to bother you my personal problems.(4)(读后续写之心理描写读后续写之心理描写)让她烦
23、恼的是，她的大部分头发变白了。让她烦恼的是，她的大部分头发变白了。_to playaboutwith/aboutIt bothered her that most of her hair had turned gray.(5)(应用文之感谢信应用文之感谢信)我过去总是麻烦您为我做很多事情，您从来不会对我过去总是麻烦您为我做很多事情，您从来不会对我不耐烦。我不耐烦。_I used to bother you to do many things for me，but you never got impatient with me.content oneself with满足于；使满足于；使(某人某
24、人)自己对自己对感到满足感到满足 feel/be content with对对满足满足/满意满意 be content to do sth.乐于做某乐于做某事事adj.满意的；满足的满意的；满足的(content vt.使满意使满意 n.内容；目录内容；目录 adj.满意满意的；满足的的；满足的)2contented(1)Sometimes I doubt whether it is right (content)myself with what I have.to content(2)(应用文之演讲稿应用文之演讲稿)人们普遍认为，快乐的人是那些满足于自己生活人们普遍认为，快乐的人是那些满足于
25、自己生活的人。的人。It is widely acknowledged that _.(3)(读后续写之表情描写读后续写之表情描写)对我的进步感到满意，老师的脸上露出了满对我的进步感到满意，老师的脸上露出了满意的笑容。意的笑容。my progress，a satisfied smile appeared on my teachers face.用法点拨用法点拨content和和contented都是形容词，但是都是形容词，但是contented可以作定可以作定语和表语，而语和表语，而content常常作表语。常常作表语。happy people are those who are conten
26、ted with their lifeContented/Content with involve sb.in(doing)sth.使某人卷入使某人卷入(做做)某事某事 be/get involved in/with参与；卷入参与；卷入vt.包含；使参加包含；使参加(卷入卷入)(involved adj.有关的；卷入有关的；卷入的的involvement n.参与；牵连参与；牵连)3(1)Students should involve themselves community activities where they can gain experience for growth.(2)(应用
27、文之报道应用文之报道)来自不同县市的大约来自不同县市的大约100家公司参与了这次展览。家公司参与了这次展览。About 100 companies from different counties _.involvein/withgot involved in the exhibition(3)(应用文之通知应用文之通知)每个感兴趣的人都可以报名参加，我们期待着您的积每个感兴趣的人都可以报名参加，我们期待着您的积极参与。极参与。Everyone who is interested can sign up for it and _.we are looking forward to your ac
28、tive involvementsth.occurs/occurred to sb.某人突然想起某事某人突然想起某事It occurs to/strikes/hits sb.that.某人突然想起某人突然想起It occurs to sb.to do sth.某人突然想起做某事某人突然想起做某事 注意：表示注意：表示“某人突然想起某人突然想起”的句式还有：的句式还有：sth.strike(s)/hit(s)sb.It hits/strikes sb.that.vi.发生；存在；出现；发生；存在；出现；(想法想法)产生产生(occurrence n.出现；发出现；发生；事件生；事件)4occur
29、(1)We are the products of evolution，and not just evolution that _(occur)billions of years ago.(2020全国全国)(2)Sometimes even routine (occur)become sources of pre-anger，or anger itself.(3)我突然想起我们骑的马有可能认识回家的路。我突然想起我们骑的马有可能认识回家的路。_(it作形式主语作形式主语)_(sth.occurred to/struck/hit sb.)occurredoccurrences It occur
30、red to/struck/hit me that the horses we were riding might know the way home.An idea occurred to/struck/hit me that the horses we were riding might know the way home.the proposal to do.做做的建议的建议 propose doing.建议做建议做 propose to do/doing.打算做打算做 propose that.(should)do.建议建议n.建议，提议；打算；求婚建议，提议；打算；求婚(propos
31、e vt.提议，建议提议，建议)5proposal(1)The official rejected the proposal (use)more disposable containers.(2)He came up with a proposal that the students (study)basic knowledge hard to lay a firm foundation for further study.to use(should)study(3)(应用文之倡议信应用文之倡议信)我提议我们循环利用塑料制品来降低白色污染。我提议我们循环利用塑料制品来降低白色污染。_(prop
32、osal作主语作主语)_(propose宾语从句宾语从句)_(propose doing)My proposal is that we should recycle plastic products to reduce white pollution.I proposed that we should recycle plastic products to reduce white pollution.I proposed recycling plastic products to reduce white pollution.determine to do.决定做决定做(表示动作表示动作)d
33、etermine on/upon(doing)sth.决定决定(做做)某事某事 be determined to do.决心做决心做(表示状态表示状态)n.决心；毅力；决定决心；毅力；决定(determine v.测定；决定；确定测定；决定；确定determined adj.坚决的；有决心的坚决的；有决心的)6(1)He determined (work)twice as hard as before to make his dream come true.(2)(determine)to become slim，she took part in many outdoor activities
34、.determinationto workDetermined(3)Have you determined a date for the foundation of your firm？(4)(读后续写之心理描写读后续写之心理描写)处理了这次事故之后，她决定毕业后当医生。处理了这次事故之后，她决定毕业后当医生。After dealing with the accident，she a doctor after graduation.(determined)on/uponwas determined to become in a/the majority占大多数占大多数 a/the majori
35、ty of大多数大多数 major in主修主修n.大部分；多数，大多数；大半大部分；多数，大多数；大半(major adj.主要的；主修主要的；主修的的 vi.主修主修 n.专业；主修学生专业；主修学生)7majority(1)In my former company，women workers are the majority.(2)A large percentage of students choose not to major physics because it is too difficult.(3)The treatment is not available in the va
36、st (major)of hospitals.ininmajoritybreak through突破突破get through通过；完成；打通通过；完成；打通(电话电话)go through经历；仔细检查经历；仔细检查live through经历过，经历经历过，经历而未死而未死look through浏览浏览调整调整(情绪情绪)8work through用用through短语的适当形式填空短语的适当形式填空(1)Scientists have some technological barriers to make the batteries last longer.(2)The founder
37、s of the organisation must have a lot of hardships in the beginning.(3)If you dont know the meaning of an unfamiliar word，try to guess the meaning instead of a dictionary.(4)It is hard for the mother to her sadness after her daughter got drowned.broken through gone throughlooking throughwork through
38、(5)Mr Chen tells me that he phoned me last night but couldnt _.(6)It was with great determination and courage that the old man _the stomach cancer.get throughlived through Se up with sth.某人提出某人提出/想到想到 Se up 某事物被提出某事物被提出 类似类似的用法还有：的用法还有：Sb.run out of sth.某人用完了某物某人用完了某物 Sth.run out 某物被用完了某物被用完了想想出，想到出
39、，想到9come up with(1)选词填空选词填空Researchers from Georgia Tech say that they have a low-cost device(装置装置)that gets around this problem：a smart keyboard.(2019全国全国)A brilliant proposal at the meeting when it was going to end.(2)是约翰想出了做爆米花来供你去出售的好主意是约翰想出了做爆米花来供你去出售的好主意。(2020新高考全国新高考全国，读后续写，读后续写)It was John o
40、f making popcorn for you to e up with；come upcome up withcame upwho came up with the brilliant idea(3)防熊喷雾喷完了，我们不得不拿起棍子来保护自己防熊喷雾喷完了，我们不得不拿起棍子来保护自己。(20207月浙江，读后续写月浙江，读后续写)，we had to pick up sticks to protect ourselves.With the bear spray running outcut across穿过穿过(某地某地)(尤指抄近路尤指抄近路)cut in插嘴插嘴cut off中止；
41、切掉；使隔绝中止；切掉；使隔绝cut.out停止做停止做(或使用、食用或使用、食用)；剪下；剪下cut up切碎切碎cut down砍倒；削减；删节；缩小砍倒；削减；删节；缩小(尺寸、数量等尺寸、数量等)削减削减，缩减，缩减10cut back on用用cut短语的适当形式填空短语的适当形式填空(1)The current advice for pregnant women is to alcohol.(2)I usually the park on my way home and to school so that I can arrive at my destination early.(
42、3)She kept on during our conversation，which made us very bothered.(4)He the meat on his plate impatiently to show his anger.(5)My uncle hasnt been able to quit smoking，but at least he has _ .(6)If you can not increase sales，you must production.cut outcut acrosscutting incut upcutdowncut back onOf co
43、urse，it wouldnt matter if there were just a few people in the world.当然，如果世界上只有几个人这样，当然，如果世界上只有几个人这样，那就无所谓了。那就无所谓了。11if的虚拟的虚拟条件句条件句本句为本句为if引导的虚拟条件句，叙述与现在事实相反的假设。引导的虚拟条件句，叙述与现在事实相反的假设。虚拟语气在虚拟语气在if虚拟条件句中的运用如下：虚拟条件句中的运用如下：虚拟条件句虚拟条件句主句主句与现在事实相与现在事实相反的假设反的假设动词的过去式动词的过去式(be动词一般动词一般用用were)would/could/should
44、/might动词原形动词原形与过去事实相与过去事实相反的假设反的假设had过去分词过去分词would/could/should/mighthave过去分词过去分词(1)(应用文之演讲稿应用文之演讲稿)如果我是一名环卫工人，我会让我们的城市更干净，如果我是一名环卫工人，我会让我们的城市更干净，街上没有任何垃圾。街上没有任何垃圾。If I ，I with no rubbish lying on the street.与将来事实相与将来事实相反的假设反的假设(1)动词的过去式动词的过去式(2)were to动词原形动词原形(3)should动词原形动词原形would/could/should/mig
45、ht动词原形动词原形were a dustmanwould make our city cleaner(2)(应用文之感谢信应用文之感谢信)如果你没有及时帮我，我可能已经陷入了巨大的麻如果你没有及时帮我，我可能已经陷入了巨大的麻烦。烦。If you me in time，I great trouble.(3)(应用文之告知信应用文之告知信)如果万一明天下雨的话，我们将把这次运动会推迟如果万一明天下雨的话，我们将把这次运动会推迟到下周末。到下周末。If it tomorrow，we the sport meet until next weekend.hadnt helpedcould have
46、got intoshould/were to rainwould put off句中句中with a computer tracking system to record their every move为为“with宾语宾语补足语宾语宾语补足语”作状语。作状语。“with宾语宾语补足语宾语宾语补足语”即即with的复合结构，在句中多作状语，也可以作定语。常见的结构有：的复合结构，在句中多作状语，也可以作定语。常见的结构有：with宾语宾语doing/done/adj./adv./to do/介词短语。介词短语。In 1999，the“white bikes”returned to Amste
47、rdamthis time with a computer tracking system to record their every move！1999年，年，“白色自行车白色自行车”回到了阿姆斯特丹回到了阿姆斯特丹这次这次安装了电子跟踪系统以记录它们的安装了电子跟踪系统以记录它们的“一举一动一举一动”！12with+宾语宾语+宾补宾补(1)With electricity (cut)off，the residents had to use a candle to light up the house.(2)The final examination is approaching，so I
48、am getting increasingly anxious._(用用with的复合结构改写的复合结构改写)(3)有如此多的学习资源供选择，我们很有可能选到不适合我们的材料有如此多的学习资源供选择，我们很有可能选到不适合我们的材料。(2021新高考全国新高考全国)，we are likely to choose the material that is not suitable for us.cut With the final examination approaching，I am getting increasingly anxious.With so many learning re
49、sources to select from基础达标巩固巩固落实落实提示：题干中加底纹词汇提示：题干中加底纹词汇为为上一上一单元单元词汇词汇.一词多义练一词多义练/熟词生义练熟词生义练清除阅读障碍清除阅读障碍1.balance(1)To hold a pencil，she must balance it between her wrists，then use her arms to push it along the page._(2)How can you find the ball that is heavier by using a balance and only weighing t
50、wice?_ACA.vt.使保持平衡使保持平衡B.n.平衡平衡C.n.天平，秤天平，秤D.n.余额余额(3)We should appreciate the natural balance and pay more attention to the importance of wildlife conservation._(4)I was about to pay when I found my credit card balance was low，so I had to pay in cash._BDA.vt.使保持平衡使保持平衡B.n.平衡平衡C.n.天平，秤天平，秤D.n.余额余额2.
