1、一、复习各种时态的被动语态一、复习各种时态的被动语态 被动语态的基本结构被动语态的基本结构:be+done（以（以the book,publish为例）为例）一般现在一般现在/过去时：过去时：The book _.is/was published一般一般/过去将来时过去将来时:The book _.will/would be publishedThe book _.is/was going to be published现在现在/过去进行时：过去进行时：is/was being publishedThe book _.现在现在/过去完成时过去完成时:has/had been published
2、The book _.情态动词：情态动词：can/could/may/mightbe publishedThe book _.二、动词不定式的被动语态二、动词不定式的被动语态1.动词不定式的被动语态有两种形式：动词不定式的被动语态有两种形式：1）一般式）一般式（not/never）to be done 2）完成式）完成式（not/never）to have been done（表示不定式动作发生在谓语动词之前）（表示不定式动作发生在谓语动词之前）2.动词不定式的被动语态在句子中的作用动词不定式的被动语态在句子中的作用1)做主语（常用做主语（常用it做形式主语）做形式主语）To be offer
3、ed sympathy by a robot is ridiculous.It is ridiculous to be offered sympathy by.被邀请参加这个亚运会开幕式，是一大荣幸。被邀请参加这个亚运会开幕式，是一大荣幸。It is a great honor to be invited to attend the opening ceremony of Asian Games.2)做表语做表语The party is to be held next Saturday evening.明年明年,这种新药将在这种新药将在500个过度肥胖的人上进行试验。个过度肥胖的人上进行试验。
4、The new drug is to be tested out on the 500overweight people next year.3)做宾语做宾语She didnt like to be treated as a child.He pretended to have been beaten by his step-father.这位职员不希望被她的顾客嘲笑。这位职员不希望被她的顾客嘲笑。The clerk wouldnt like to be laughed at by her customers4)做宾语补足语做宾语补足语Tony expected the house to be
5、 completely transformed.这个残疾的孩子希望由这个主建筑师来设计这座这个残疾的孩子希望由这个主建筑师来设计这座电影院。电影院。The disabled child expected the cinema to be designed by the chief architect.5）做定语）做定语What a victory to be envied by those women!英国人对即将在伦敦举行的奥运会感到骄傲。英国人对即将在伦敦举行的奥运会感到骄傲。The English are proud of the Olympic Games to be held in
6、London.6）做状语）做状语All these gifts must be mailed immediately so as to be received in time for Christmas.他匆忙赶到订票处（他匆忙赶到订票处（booking office）却被告知）却被告知所有的票都卖完了。所有的票都卖完了。He hurried to the booking office only to be told that all the tickets had been sold out.语态语态时态时态一般式一般式完成式完成式进行式进行式主动语态主动语态to do被动语态被动语态to
7、be doneto have doneto be doingto havebeen done/to have 完成进行式完成进行式been doingI.根据括号内的提示将下列句子补充根据括号内的提示将下列句子补充完整。完整。to be typed1.He wanted the letter _(type)at once.2.It is the first such project to have been designed_ (design)by Chinese engineers.3.They knew him _(arrest)by the to have been arrestedpo
8、lice.5.He said he was _(send)to be sentthere to attend an important meeting next Friday.6.She didnt want her son _ to be taken(take)away.7.Do let your mother know all the truth.She appears _(tell)to have been toldeverything.8.She is busy preparing for the exams _(hold)next month.to be held9.He hurri
9、ed to the station only _ to have been(tell)that the train had left.3.在下列情况中用不定式的主动形式表示被动意思。在下列情况中用不定式的主动形式表示被动意思。1)不定式作后置定语，与被修饰的名词或代词构成不定式作后置定语，与被修饰的名词或代词构成逻辑上的动宾关系，但又与该句主语（逻辑上的动宾关系，但又与该句主语（或另一名或另一名词词/代词代词）构成逻辑上的主谓关系时）构成逻辑上的主谓关系时,He has nothing to eat.分析：分析：eat 动动nothing宾宾/he 主主eat 谓谓I will give yo
10、u a book to read.分析：分析：_ you 主主_read 谓谓read动动_a book宾宾/_这个优雅的女人有事情要宣布。这个优雅的女人有事情要宣布。The elegant lady had something to declare.注意：注意：若句子的主语并非不定式的逻辑主语时，若句子的主语并非不定式的逻辑主语时，不定式则必须用被动式。不定式则必须用被动式。比较：比较：I have a lot of letters to type.(我有很多信件要打印：我有很多信件要打印：I will type the letter)I have a lot of letters to b
11、e typed.(意思为：意思为：I get sb.to type the letter)1)Ill go to New York.Have you anythingto be taken_(take)to your wife there?2)Have you any clothes _(wash),to be washedsir?”asked the maid3)I cannot go out now as I have a lot of clothes_(wash)to wash3.在下列情况中用不定式的主动形式表示被动意思。在下列情况中用不定式的主动形式表示被动意思。2)在在“主语主语+
12、表语（形容词）表语（形容词）to do”中，中，主语也是主语也是不定式的逻辑宾语不定式的逻辑宾语,即不定式动词和主语之间是即不定式动词和主语之间是动宾关系。动宾关系。This question is easy to answer.（分析：（分析：answer(动动)-this question（宾）（宾）注意：注意：如果动词为不及物动词，则要注意介词的搭配。如果动词为不及物动词，则要注意介词的搭配。John is difficult to deal with.deal with动动)-_(John（分析：（分析：_(宾宾)）如：这扶手椅坐起来很舒服。如：这扶手椅坐起来很舒服。The armch
13、air is comfortable to sit in这题目很难算出来。这题目很难算出来。The question is difficult to work out4.There be 结构中，用不定式的主动和被结构中，用不定式的主动和被动式来修饰主语，区别不大。动式来修饰主语，区别不大。There is a lot of work to do/to be done.(多用主动形式多用主动形式)没有什么可担心的。没有什么可担心的。There is nothing to worry about.高考题汇集高考题汇集：1.The purpose of new technologies is to
14、 make life easier_ it more difficult.A.not make B.not to make C.not making D.do not make 2.I ve worked with children before,so I know what _ in my new job.A.expected B.to expect C.to be expecting D.expects3.Charles Babbage is generally considered_the first computer.A.to invent B.inventing C.to have
15、invented C.having invented4.Allen had to call a taxi because the box was_ to carry all the way home.A.much too heavy B.too much heavy C.heavy too much D.too heavy much5.The boy wanted to ride his bicycle A.not to B.not to do in the street,but his mother told him _.C.not do it D.do not to6.Little Jim
16、 should love _ to the theatre this evening.A.to be taken B.to take C.being taken D.taking7.There are five pairs _,but I m at a loss which to buy.A.to be chosenC.to chooseB.to choose fromD.for choosing8._late in the afternoon,Bob turned off the alarm.A.To sleepB.SleepingC.SleepD.Having sleep9.With a
17、lot of difficult problems _,the newly-elected president is having a hard time.A.settled B.settling C.to settle D.being settled10.She will tell us why she feels so strongly that each of us has a role_in making the earth a better place to live.A.to have played B.to play C.to be played D.to be playing1
18、1.In order to gain a bigger share in the international market,many state run companies are trying _their products more competitive.A.to make B.makingC.to have made D.having made12.The teacher asked us_so much noise.A.dont make B.not makeC.not making D.not to make?EXERCISES1.You had better _ your hai
19、r cut.A.hadB.haveC to getD to have2.We _ put the meeting off for a week.A.can as wellB.will as wellC.shall as wellD.may as well3.He _ live in the country than in the city.A.prefersB.likes toC.had betterD.would rather4.The boy told his father that he would rather _ an astronaut.A.becomeB.to becomeC.b
20、ecomingD.became5.Paul doesnt have to be made _.He always works hard.A.learnB.to learnC.learnedD.learning 6.-I usually go there by train.-Why not _ by boat for a change?A.to try goingB.trying to goC.to try and goD.try going7.He wants to do nothing but _ out.A.to goB.goC.goingD.goes8.Compared with wom
21、en.men always prefer _ athome rather than _so much time shopping.A.to finish,to spendB.to finish,spendC.finish,spendD.finish,to spend?巩固性练习巩固性练习?1.She can t help _ the house because she s busy making a cake.A.to clean B.cleaning C.to be cleaning D.being cleaned?2.While shopping,people sometimes can
22、t help _ into buying something they don t really need.A.to persuade B.to be persuaded C.persuading D.being persuading?3.We agreed _ here,but so far she hasn t turned up yet.A.having met B.meeting C.to meet D.to have met?4.-You were brave enough to raise the objections at the meeting.-Well,now I regr
23、et _ that.A.to do B.to doing C.to have done D.having done?5.Little Tom should love _ to the theatre this evening.A.to be taken B.to take C.being taken D.taking6.I ve got a terrible headache.I tried _ some medicine,but it didn t help.A.to take B.having taken C.taking D.to have taken 7.-Would you join
24、 us tonight?-I _,but I have to prepare for tomorrow s test.A.would love so B.would love to C.would love it D.would love 8.I would love _ to the party last night,but I had to finish extra hours to finish a report.A.to go B.to have gone C.going D.having gone 9.He let me repeat his instructions _ sure
25、that I understood what was _ after he went away.A.to make,to be done B.making,doing C.to make,to do D.making,to do 10.-You should have thanked her before you left.-I meant _,but when I was leaving,I couldn t find her anywhere.A.to do B.to C.doing D.doing so 11.In some parts of London,missing a bus m
26、eans _ for another hour.A.waiting B.to wait C.wait D.to be waiting?12.With a lot of difficult problems _,the newly-elected president felt very happy.A.settled B.steeling C.to settle D.being settled?13.-Do let your mother know all the truth.-She appears _ everything.A.to tell B.to be told C.to be tel
27、ling D.to have been told?14.To fetch water before breakfast seemed to be a rule _.A.to never break B.never to be broken C.never to have broken D.never to be breaking15.In Australia he made a lot of friends_a very practical knowledge of English.A.get B.getting C.to get D.got?练习：练习：1.Sarah,hurry up.I
28、m afraid you wouldn t have time to _ before the party.(NMET2004全国卷全国卷I)A.get changed B.get change C.get changing D.get to change?2.My advisor encouraged _ a summer course to improve my writing skills.(NMET 2004 北京北京)A.for me taking B.me takingC.for me to take D.me to take?3.I don t know whether you
29、happen _,but I m going to study in the USA this September.(2004 辽宁辽宁)A.to be heard B.to be hearing C.to hear D.to have heard?5.The flu is believed _ by viruses that like to reproduce in the cells inside the human nose and throat.(NMET 2004 上海上海)A.causing B.being caused C.to be caused D.to have cause
30、d?6.The news reporters hurried to the airport,only _ the film stars had left.(NMET 2004 福建福建)A.to tell B.to be told C.telling D.told7.It seems that he has no pen _.(NMET 2003 北北京京 春春)A.to write B.to write withC.writing D.writing with?8.She will tell us why she feels so strongly that each of us has a
31、 role_ in making the earth a better place to live.(NMET 2003 上海上海 春春)A.to have played B.to play?9.Mary is always the first studentto answer the teacher s questions in class.A.rising B.to rise C.rose D.risen?10.Would you be so kindus out?-With pleasure.A.helping B.in helping C.help D.as to help?11.We
32、t umbrellas are not allowedinto this hotel according to the rule.A.to be taken B.to take C.taken D.taking 12.Robert is said _ abroad,but I didn t know what country he studied in.A.to have studied B.to study C.to be studying D.to have been studying?13.At the shopping-centre,he didn t know what _ and
33、_ with an empty bag.A.to buy;leave B.to be bought;leftC.to buy;left D.was to buy;leave?14.She made a candle _us light.A.give B.gave C.to give D.given?15.Where should I send my form?The Personnel Office is the place _.A.for sending it B.to send it toC.to send D.to send it?16.It s necessary _ some Eng
34、lish grammar.A.for us students to learn B.for we students to learn?17._ kind to the enemy is _ cruel to the people.A.Be;be B.To be;to be C.To be;being D.Being;to be?18.No matter how busy he is,he _ at least 15 minutes a day.A.makes a rule read B.makes a rule readingC.makes it a rule read D.makes it
35、a rule to read19.If Mary doesn t come to work on time,she may be fired.Surely she is not so foolish _ it.A.as not to realize B.not as to realizeC.that she didn t realizeD.as not realizing?20.I ought to _ him the news,but I forgot to do so.A.remember to tellB.remember?21.I _ you the exciting news,but
36、 you were not at home.A.meant tellingB.meant to tellC.meant to having told D.meant to telling?22.Tom kept quiet about the accident _ lose his job.A.so not as to B.so as not to C.so as to not D.not so as to?23.My friend,David,was not used _ by air,so he felt unwell.A.to travel B.to traveling C.travel
37、in D.travel?24.When I went out it happened _.A.to rain B.rain C.to be raining D.raining?25.I felt it an honour _ to speak here.A.asking B.having asked C.to ask D.to be askedExercise1.Having a trip abroad is certainly good for the old couple,but it remains_ whether they will enjoy it.A.to see B.to be
38、 seenBC.seeing D.seen2.I hurried to the meeting hall,only_ that the meeting had been put off.A.to tell B.to be toldBC.telling D.told3.Do let your mother know all the truth,she appears_ everything.A.to tell B.to be toldC.to be telling D.to have been toldD4.Little Tom should love_ to the theater this
39、evening.A.to be taken B.to takeAC.being taken D.taking5.It is said that plastics can be used to_ many things.Now people are used to_ plastics products.A.make;usingAB.making;usingC.making;useD.make;use6.With a lot of problems_,the newly-elected president is having a hard time.A.settled B.settlingC.to
40、 settle D.being settledC7.He_ and was made to repeat it.A.didnt understandB.didnt be understoodC.wasnt understandD.wasnt understoodD8.The pupils here_ all kinds of exercises every day in the past four weeks.A.kept busy doingB.keep on doingC.have kept busy doingD.have been kept busy doingD9.Visitors_
41、 not to touch the exhibits.A.will requestB.requestC.are requestingD.are requestedD10.In some parts of the world,tea _ with milk and sugar.A.is servingB.is servedBC.servesD.served练习练习1.It will take several weeks for your computer be repairedto _(repair).to have been caught2.I knew him _(catch)by the
42、police.3.A vote is required _(take)to be takenin our company at once.4.When some money went missing from the bank,Thomas was believed_(steal)it.to have stolento be admitted7.I hope _(admit)to Zhongshan University.have been translated8.The book is said to _(translate)into several languages.to be welc
43、omed9.I feel greatly honored _(welcome)into their society.10.Come on!It is an easy sentenceto translate_(translate).11.When I came in,he pretended to be reading_.(read)13.Mrs Smith warned her daughter _(not drive)after drinking.not to drive14.I dont know whether you happen to have heard_(hear),but I
44、m going to study in the U.S.A this September.to have been punished15.He seems _（punish)by his teacher yesterday.16.The school ordered all the classroomto be cleaned_(clean).17.My grandmother seems to have a lot to worry_(worry)about.18.I am going to the post office.Do you have any letter _(post)?to
45、be posted19.You are lucky enough _not to have been caught(not catch)in the rain.二、翻译练习二、翻译练习1.据说这会议已经被取消了据说这会议已经被取消了.2.这个学生似乎已经对政治失去了兴趣。这个学生似乎已经对政治失去了兴趣。3.残疾人不喜欢被别人嘲笑。残疾人不喜欢被别人嘲笑。4.没有可以可以浪费的时间了。没有可以可以浪费的时间了。5.能被邀请进这个英语俱乐部，是一大荣幸能被邀请进这个英语俱乐部，是一大荣幸.6.她假装没有听懂我说的话她假装没有听懂我说的话.7.我希望被中山大学录取。我希望被中山大学录取。8.抱歉，
46、我忘记了你的电话号码了。抱歉，我忘记了你的电话号码了。1.据说这会议已经被取消了据说这会议已经被取消了The meeting is said to have been cancelled.2.这个学生似乎已经对政治失去了兴趣。这个学生似乎已经对政治失去了兴趣。The student seems to have lost interest in politics.3.残疾人不喜欢被别人嘲笑。残疾人不喜欢被别人嘲笑。The disabled dont like to be laughed at.4.没有可以可以浪费的时间了。没有可以可以浪费的时间了。There is no time to wast
47、e/be wasted5.能被邀请进这个英语俱乐部，是一大荣幸能被邀请进这个英语俱乐部，是一大荣幸It is a great honor to be invited to the English Club.6.她假装没有听懂我说的话。她假装没有听懂我说的话。She pretended not to understand what I had said.7.我希望被中山大学录取。我希望被中山大学录取。I hope/expect to be admitted into Zhangshan University8.抱歉，我忘记了你的电话号码了。抱歉，我忘记了你的电话号码了。I am sorry to
48、 have forgotten your telephone number.Answer key for Exercise 2 on page 14:1.2.3.4.5.6.7.8.to be designedto be rebuiltto be accompaniedto be known asto be filled withto be tested outto be enviedto be set asideAnswer key for Exercise 3 on page 15:were listedbe dividedbe organizedto be accompaniedwere
49、 connectedbe surroundedwas attachedUsing structuresAnswer key for exercise 1 on page 56:1.I did not expect to be interviewed by the general manager.2.The magazines are not allowed to be taken out of the reading room(by anybody).3.She hates to be laughed at by her classmates.4.He doesnt want his writ
50、ing to be interrupted(by the guests)./He doesnt want to be interrupted while writing.5.These rules must be obeyed by everybody as they are for the good of the whole school.6.These are the issues to be discussed tomorrow.7.It is wrong for him to be made to work all night.Answer key for exercise 2 on
