1、The Approaches To The Hot Potatoes In The National Matriculation English Test(NMET)英语高考热点难题攻略以终为始以考促学Contents:1.The General Requirements of the Gaokao Assessment Framework 中国高考评价体系总体要求2.The Specific Proposals of the English Curriculum Criteria for Regular High School 普通高中英语课程标准具体建议(2017年版2020年修订)3.T
2、he Analysis of NMET 高考试题分析4.The Approaches to the Hot Potatoes 热点难题攻略2014年:国务院关于深化考试招生制度改革的实施意见,依据高校人才选拔要求和国家课程标准,科学设计命题内容。2018年:“五育”,习近平总书记,全国教育大会,构建德智体美劳全面培养的教育体系。2019年:教育部,构建包括“核心价值、学科素养、关键能力、必备知识”在内的高考考查内容体系。中国高考评价体系,教育部考试中心,20192020年:中共中央、国务院发布深化新时代教育评价改革总体方案,强调要充分发挥教育评价的指挥棒作用,稳步推进高考改革,构建引导学生德智
3、体美劳全面发展的考试内容体系。基于高考评价体系的高考英语命题实践探索,乔辉 李新煜,2021Part OneThe General Requirements of the Gaokao Assessment Framework中国高考评价体系总体要求一核:考查目的(为什么考)四层:考查内容(考什么)四翼:考查要求(怎么考)中国高考评价体系,教育部考试中心,2019中国高考评价体系说明,教育部考试中心,2019中国高考评价体系说明,教育部考试中心,2019价值引领素养导向能力为重知识为基中国高考评价体系,教育部考试中心,20191.核心价值指核心价值指标体系标体系中国高考评价体系,教育部考试中心
4、,20192.学科素养指学科素养指标体系标体系中国高考评价体系3.关关键键能能力力中国高考评价体系,教育部考试中心,20194.必备知必备知识识范围:由人文社会科学和自然科学各学科的基本事实、基本概念、基本技术与基本原理组成的基本知识体系。概念:即将进入高等学校的学习者在面对与学科相关的生活实践或学习探索问题情境时,高质量地认识问题、分析问题、解决问题所必须具备的知识。中国高考评价体系说明,教育部考试中心,2019中国高考评价体系说明,教育部考试中心,2019情境:真实的问题背景,是以问题或任务为中心构成的活动场域。种类:1.生活实践情境 2.学习探索情境Part TwoThe Specifi
5、c Proposals of the English Curriculum Criteria for Regular High School普通高中英语课程标准具体建议(2017年版2020年修订)普通高中英语课程标准解读,2018文化意文化意识识语言能语言能力力思思维维品品质质学学习习能能力力听说读看写跨文化认知、态度和行为取向逻辑性批判性创新性积极运用主动调适学习策略拓宽学习渠道提升学习效率意识和能力人与自我、人与社会、人与自然普通高中英语课程标准,2020不同文体、多模态语篇语音、词汇、语法、语篇、语用知识中外人文科学知识物质文明精神文明理解性技能表达性技能听说读看写元认知策略认知策略交
6、际策略情感策略1.以核心素养为目标,依据课程内容要求,开设好必修、选择性必修和选修课程。选择性必修课程每周视听40分钟,每周课外阅读2500词,总量10万词。2.关注主题意义,制定指向核心素养发展的单元整体教学目标。3.深入研究语篇,把握教学核心内容。主题、内容、文本结构、语言特点、作者观点等。4.实践英语学习活动观,促进核心素养有效形成。学习理解类:感知与注意、获取与梳理、概括与整合 应用实践类:描述与阐释、分析与判断、内化与运用 迁移创新类:推理与论证、批判与评价、想象与创造5.重视培养学生的学习能力,为学生学会学习创造条件。自主学习、合作学习、探究式学习6.利用现代信息技术,拓宽学习和运
7、用英语的渠道。多媒体、电子词典、数字化技术、新媒体语篇、网上专题讨论区、网络同伴互评等。7.处理好教、学、评的关系,达到以评促教、以评促学的目的。8.不断提高自身专业化水平,与课程改革同步发展。Part ThreeThe Analysis of NMET 高考试题分析新高考卷与全国卷的不同:1.阅读(含七选五)每小题2分增至2.5分,满分由40分增至50分,增加分值比重,突出了对阅读能力的考查。2.写作部分取消了短文改错,保留了应用文写作(15分),增加新题型读后续写(25分),满分由25分增至40分,阅读量增加,语言输出量增加,难度增大。3.完形填空题量由20个减至15个,每小题分值由1.5
8、分减至1分,满分由30分减至15分,文章篇幅缩短,题目数量减少,整体难度适中。高考试题分析,20222020年全国高考英语共有10套试卷:试卷试卷地区地区备注备注全国新高考卷 山东新课标卷全国新高考卷海南新课标卷全国卷河北、河南、山西、江西、湖北、湖南、广东、安徽、福建原全国卷全国卷甘肃、青海、内蒙古、黑龙江、吉林、辽宁、宁夏、新疆、陕西、重庆原全国卷全国卷云南、广西、贵州、四川、西藏原全国卷自主命题北京、天津、上海、浙江、江苏2021年全国高考英语共有8套试卷:试卷试卷地区地区备注备注全国新高考卷河北、山东、湖北、湖南、江苏、广东、福建新课标卷全国新高考卷海南、辽宁、重庆新课标卷全国乙卷安徽
9、、河南、山西、江西、甘肃、陕西、黑龙江、吉林、宁夏、新疆、青海、内蒙古原全国卷、卷全国甲卷四川、云南、贵州、广西、西藏原全国卷2022年全国高考英语共有8套试卷:试卷试卷地区地区备注备注全国新高考卷河北、山东、湖北、湖南、江苏、广东、福建新课标卷全国新高考卷海南、辽宁、重庆新课标卷全国乙卷安徽、河南、山西、江西、甘肃、陕西、黑龙江、吉林、宁夏、新疆、青海、内蒙古原全国卷、卷全国甲卷四川、云南、贵州、广西、西藏原全国卷Part FourThe Approaches to the Hot Potatoes高考热点难题攻略年年份份卷卷别别Text123456789102022停车位赶飞机感谢笺博物馆
10、健身房博物馆买礼物谈演讲制片人运动员2021见朋友交报告提帮忙赶回家除异味看球赛谈下午谈旅行求搭车改发音2020去晚宴送孩子会迟到图书馆签文件帮筹钱等候车做抉择俱乐部记笔记2020-2022年新高考卷听力材料话题分析表2020-2022年新高考卷听力试题内容柱状图命题规律:1.以语篇(对话或独白)为载体,考查学生在具体情境中对所听信息的理解能力和反应能力。2.主题贴近现实生活,覆盖面广。天气、问路、电视节目、上课缺席、语言学习、商场购物、餐馆点餐、医院探病、书店购书、寻求建议、见面时间、假期计划等。3.体现对基础性和应用性的考查。4.推断题对思维品质的要求逐步提高。5.词汇的变化、派生与合成有
11、所增加。6.答案进行同义转述,避免直接对应原文。高考试题分析,2022W:Hello,Michael.M:Hi,Sarah.W:Are you attending the conference tomorrow morning at the Shelton Hotel?M:Yes.Are you?W:Yeah,but when I arrived home five minutes ago,I found that my car wouldnt start.And John is in Brighton on business.M:Do you know whats wrong with th
12、e car?W:Im not exactly sure.I think there is a problem with the engine.ErrI wonder if you could give me a ride to the hotel tomorrow morning.M:Sure.When shall I be at your place?2021年新课标/卷(原因)14Why did Sarah make the phone call?ATo ask a favor.BTo pass on a message.CTo make an appointment.M:Emily,th
13、ank you for taking time out of your busy schedule to answer a few questions.W:Its my pleasure.M:People say youre doing unpaid work in the new season of My Fair Lady.Is this what the show business has become?W:No,not really.All of my acting in the new season is unpaid.But the crew is paid.This is to
14、raise money for the post-production of the show.2022年新课标卷(原因)15Why is Emily doing unpaid work in the new season of the show?ATo follow the latest trend.BTo help raise the crews pay.CTo support the post-production.M:Hurry up with your food,Sally.They say theres a big storm coming.Wed better get home
15、before that.W:Okay,Im done.Lets get back to the car.Could you carry these shopping bags?M:Oh,sure.2021年新课标/卷(打算)4What are the speakers going to do?ADrive home.BGo shopping.CEat out.M:We have to find a parking space.Lets drive around the block one more time.Did you say the restaurant has no off-stree
16、t parking at all?W:None.I checked it.Look,there is a space!2022年新课标卷(打算)1What will the speakers do next?ACheck the map.BLeave the restaurant.CPark the car.M:Excuse me,where is the hotel gym,please?W:Its on the top floor.You can take the lift over there.M:Do I have to pay extra?W:No,sir,you just need
17、 to take your room key with you.2022年新课标卷(打算)5What does the man probably want to do?ADo some exercise.BGet an extra key.COrder room service.M:We deep fried fish three days ago in the kitchen,but the unpleasant smell stays.W:There is a method you can try.Every time you make coffee,dry the leftover co
18、ffee grounds and keep them in small bowls,then place the bowls in the kitchen.2021年新课标/卷(主旨)5What are the speakers talking about?AHow to fry fish.BHow to make coffee.CHow to remove a bad smell.备考策略:1.听力策略培养:预测、推理、选择性注意、监控、评价等。2.听力微技能训练:记笔记、获取信息、归纳整理、分析阐释、推理判断等(详见word)。3.听力专题训练:相同考点,比如:数字、原因4.听前方法指导:
19、看题干找到限定词,看选项预测文本内容5.听中技巧点拨:听大意,听细节;有取舍,不纠结。6.听后技巧反思:分析试题,总结规律,明确错因,避免重复出错。7.听后词汇总结:按照不同话题,总结常见表达。M:Last weekend was amazing,wasnt it?W:Yes.It was.But I fell over a lot and my legs hurt!M:Mine too.Getting down the hill was harder than playing a whole football match!W:I want to go there again,but firs
20、t Im going to the sports center to get fit.专题训练一(事情)1.What did the speakers do last weekend?A.They went climbing.B.They played football.C.They watched a match.W:Good morning,sir.Can I have your tickets please?M:Yeah.Here they are.Have you started checking in for the flight to New York?Is it on time?
21、W:Yes,sir,we have and it is on time.May I have your passports,please?I need to check the visas.Is that your daughter?Does she have a separate passport?M:Yes,she does.Here are both of them.W:Thank you.Your papers are in order.Do you have a seat preference?M:Could you give me a front row window seat a
22、nd a middle seat for my daughter?We both dont like seats in the back.W:Let me see.Thats not a problem.Here are your boarding cards,sir.You can now go through security.Have a good flight.M:Thank you.专题训练二(事情)13.What will the man do next?A.Show his ticket.B.See his daughter off.C.Go through security.知
23、识结构图:airport篇目篇目语篇类语篇类型型主题语主题语境境主题群主题群内容大意内容大意A应用文人与自我生活与学习文学导论课评分政策B夹叙夹议文人与自然环境保护减少食物浪费C说明文人与社会社会服务与人际沟通老人养母鸡项目D说明文人与社会历史社会文化农业发展对语音发展的影响2022年新高考卷阅读考查情况分析表篇目篇目语篇类语篇类型型主题语主题语境境主题群主题群内容大意内容大意A应用文人与社会社会服务与人际沟通罗马旅社B记叙文人与自我生活与学习钢琴师的乐谱翻页师C说明文人与自然环境保护美国的联邦鸭票计划D说明文人与自我生活与学习对情商的理解和意义2021年新高考卷阅读考查情况分析表篇目篇目语篇
24、类语篇类型型主题语主题语境境主题群主题群内容大意内容大意A应用文人与自我生活与学习约克郡的夏季活动B记叙文人与自然环境保护在家照顾老虎幼崽C记叙文人与社会历史社会文化让艺术教育进校园D说明文人与社会科学与技术研发机器人监测放牧情况2021年新高考卷阅读考查情况分析表篇目篇目语篇类语篇类型型主题语主题语境境主题群主题群内容大意内容大意A应用文人与社会文学艺术体育诗歌征集大赛海报B记叙文人与自我优秀品行Jennifer克服困难获得学位C记叙文人与社会文学艺术体育介绍书籍追逐大海D说明文人与社会历史社会文化一起吃饭的人对我们的影响2020年新高考卷阅读考查情况分析表篇目篇目语篇类语篇类型型主题语主题
25、语境境主题群主题群内容大意内容大意A应用文人与自我生活与学习四个不同类型的度假营B记叙文人与自我生活与学习收集学生带到学校的玩具C议论文人与社会文学艺术体育对书籍原谅设计的评论D说明文人与自然自然生态介绍热带雨林2020年新高考卷阅读考查情况分析表2020-2022年新高考卷阅读试题内容柱状图命题规律:1.选材广泛,创设真实情境。高考语篇均来自外刊、外媒、外网(详见word)。2.立德树人,发挥育人功能。2021年新高考卷D篇介绍了情商的概念和利弊,引导学生关注情商的重要性,培养正确的情感。3.五育并举,培养全面人才。2020年全国卷C篇介绍了竞走与跑步的不同,引导学生关注体育健康。2020年
26、新高考卷B篇讲述Jennifer Mauer 的事迹,引导学生关注奋斗精神和劳动精神。2021年新高考卷B篇介绍了翻谱员的故事,引导学生关注音乐艺术。2021年新高考卷C篇讲述了英国女生用资金发起项目,让艺术家进校园的故事。命题规律:4.关注环境,构建人类命运共同体。2020年新高考卷D篇介绍亚马孙热带雨林,引导学生保护自然。2021年新高考卷C篇介绍美国联邦鸭票计划,引导学生关注野生动物。5.关注科技,培养创新意识。2021年新高考卷D篇讲述了澳大利亚一名教授研发机器人用于检测放牧的情况。6.关注文化,培养文化意识。2021年新高考卷A篇介绍了罗马的四家旅社。2021年新高考卷A篇介绍了约克
27、郡的四个活动。7.关注能力,考查高阶思维。2021年新高考卷D篇33题“doctor”and“cheater”?2021年新高考卷C篇29题 What does CM think of it?备考策略:1.精选语篇,体现高考选材原则。围绕三大主题语境,体现立德树人,五育并举,源自外刊。2.分析语篇,培养学生语篇意识。语篇内容、语篇结构、主题意义、文体特征、语言特点、修辞手法等。3.巧设问题,发展学生思维品质。观察、比较、分析、推断、归纳、概括、质疑、评判、建构、欣赏、创新等。4.加强训练,提升学生解题技巧。细节理解题-顺序原则、定位法、排除法推理判断题-全文意义、上下求索、逻辑思维词义猜测题-
28、构词法、语境法、联想法 主旨大意题-语篇结构、主题句、关键词 试卷试卷词词数数语篇类语篇类型型主题语主题语境境主题群主题群内容大意内容大意2022新高考卷252 说明文人与社会人际交往关系寻找健身伙伴2021新高考卷274夹叙夹议人与社会历史社会文化在巴黎生活2021新高考卷288 说明文人与自我生活与学习学会快速阅读2020新高考卷233 说明文人与自我生活与学习演讲者原则2020新高考卷234 说明文人与自我健康生活方式医生谈话建议2020-2022年新高考卷七选五考查情况分析表2020-2022年新高考卷七选五设空位置柱状图命题规律:1.主题语境:以人与自我为主,人与社会为辅。2.语篇类
29、型:以说明文为主,偶有记叙或议论。3.文本结构:结构完整,多为总分或总分总。4.文本内容:显性信息减少,如标题、序号等。5.试题特点:以整句为主,偶有无标点的半句。6.试题规律:主要在段中,偶有段首和段尾。高考五年真题,2022备考策略:1.关注语篇结构,重视语篇分析。2021年新高考卷36题,主题段,段尾句,引出下文。2.关注段间关系,分析段落功能。2021年新高考卷39题,段首句,承上启下。3.关注句间关系,厘清关系类型。并列、对应、承接、重复、转折、解释、因果等。2021年新高考卷38题,段中句,承上启下,解释关系。4.关注衔接方式,总结衔接种类。(详见word)显性衔接:指代、替代、省
30、略、连接词语、词汇衔接等。隐性衔接:在不使用连接词的情况下实现转折、对比等语义逻辑关系,是深层的、意义的连接。Halliday,Hason,Cohesion in English,1976 试卷试卷词数词数语篇类语篇类型型主题语境主题语境主题群主题群内容大内容大意意2022新高考卷236记叙文人与自我生活与学习露营经历2021新高考卷212记叙文人与自我生活与学习烘焙工作2021新高考卷240记叙文人与自我做人与做事警察故事2020新高考卷214记叙文人与自我 环境保护投身种树2020新高考卷187记叙文人与自我 优秀品行火中救人2020-2022年新高考卷完形填空考查情况分析表2020-20
31、22年新高考卷完形填空试题内容柱状图命题规律:1.主题语境:以人与自我为主,体现育人功能。2.语篇类型:以记叙文为主,说明文为辅。3.文本特点:以外刊为主,关注国计民生。4.试题规律:以实词为主,虚词为辅。5.试题特点:语境理解第一,词汇运用第二,重在逻辑思维能力。高考五年真题,20222021年新课标卷 It happened that the plant downtown needed eight kids for _43_ help during our spring break,for which I had no _44_ beyond listening to my favorit
32、e records.Id _45_ minimum wage.Id see how a factory _46_.My parents thought all of this was a grand idea and called Betsys dad with their _47_.43.A.generous B.financial C.technical D.temporary44.A.plans B.problems C.excuses D.hobbies45.A.offer B.earn C.set D.suggest46.A.worked B.closed C.developed D
33、.survived47.A.ambition B.permission C.experience D.invitation语篇意义段落内容句子结构词汇用法2021年新课标卷 Dad _53_.The son of a grocer,hed spent the summers of his childhood _54_ food in Benardsville,New Jersey.This was the sort of work that made you _55_ the dollars you earned and respect those who did the work,he to
34、ld me.53.A.cried B.smiled C.hesitated D.refused54.A.tasting B.finding C.sharing D.delivering55.A.withdraw B.donate C.receive D.appreciate知识结构图appreciate2021年新课标卷“I often _48_ them to drink alcohol.Once they were _49_,they began to talk a lot,”Wang said.“Id then _50_ myself to use the toilet,_51_ wha
35、t the beggars said,and send the _52_ to my teammates.”48.A.invited B.forced C.helped D.expected49.A.drunk B.deserted C.bored D.lost50.A.guide B.persuade C.excuse D.allow51.A.refer to B.note down C.ask about D.miss out52.A.plan B.agreement C.direction D.information备考策略:1.多种体裁兼顾,养成阅读习惯。2.分析语篇结构,领悟逻辑关系
36、。3.明确叙述角度,融入文中角色。4.厘清记叙线索,明暗两线结合。5.思考写作目的,洞悉深层教益。6.进行专题训练,培养较强语感。7.重视错题分析,调整解题思路。8.强化词汇语法,构建知识网络。高考试题分析,2022试卷试卷语篇类语篇类型型主题语主题语境境主题群主题群内容大意内容大意2022新高考卷说明文人与自然环境保护熊猫国家公园2021新高考卷夹叙夹议人与自然自然生态黄山所见所想2021新高考卷记叙文人与自然环境保护减少塑料垃圾2020新高考卷说明文人与社会历史社会文化博物馆历史特征2020新高考卷说明文人与社会文学艺术体育数字世界简介2020-2022年新高考卷语法填空考查情况分析表20
37、20-2022年新高考卷语法填空内容柱状图命题规律:1.主题语境:与时俱进,中外文化碰撞。2.语篇类型:说明为主,偶有记叙议论。3.文本内容:关注科技,倡导科学精神;关注美育,提高审美情趣;关注劳动,宣传劳动精神;关注环境,思考生态文明;关注人际,培养人文情怀。4.试题特点:注重基础,考查关键能力。5.试题规律:动词为主,各种词性转换。高考五年真题,20222022年新高考卷(动词)1._56_(cover)an area about three times _57_ size of Yellowstone National Park,the GPNP will be one of the f
38、irst national parks in the country.2.The plan will extend protection to a significant number of areas that _58_(be)previously unprotected,bringing many of the existing protected areas for giant pandas under one authority _59_(increase)effectiveness and reduce inconsistencies in management.3.The GPNP
39、 _60_(design)to reflect the guiding principle of“protecting the authenticity and integrity(完整性)of natural ecosystems,preserving biological diversity,protecting ecological buffer zones,_61_ leaving behind precious natural assets(资产)for future generations”.2022年新高考卷(理解意义分析结构定位谓语)1.56._(cover)an area a
40、bout three times 57.the size of Yellowstone National Park,the GPNP will be one of the first national parks in the country.2.The plan will extend protection to a significant number of areas that 58._(be)previously unprotected,bringing many of the existing protected areas for giant pandas under one au
41、thority 59._(increase)effectiveness and reduce inconsistencies in management.3.The GPNP 60._(design)to reflect the guiding principle of“protecting the authenticity and integrity(完整性)of natural ecosystems,preserving biological diversity,protecting ecological buffer zones,61._ leaving behind precious
42、natural assets(资产)for future generations”.Coveringwereto increaseis designedand2021年新高考卷(动词)What comes next is the endless series of steps.You cant help wondering how hard it 61._(be)for the people then to put all those rocks into place.Though it is the only unnatural thing on your way up the mounta
43、in,still it highlights the whole adventure 62._ offers a place where you can sit down to rest your 63._(ache)legs.2021年新高考卷(动词)I kept going.Whenever I heard of businesses using plastic,Id send an email.One of the biggest companies I wrote to 63._(be)Alaska Airlines Paris.2021年新高考卷(理解意义分析结构定位谓语)What
44、comes next is the endless series of steps.You cant help wondering how hard it 61._(be)for the people then to put all those rocks into place.Though it is the only unnatural thing on your way up the mountain,still it highlights the whole adventure 62._ offers a place where you can sit down to rest you
45、r 63._(ache)legs.2021年新高考卷(理解意义分析结构定位谓语)I kept going.Whenever I heard of businesses using plastic,Id send an email.One of the biggest companies I wrote to 63._(be)Alaska Airlines Paris.wasand aching was2022年新高考卷(从句)The GPNP is intended to provide stronger protection for all the species _65_ live wit
46、hin the Giant Panda Range and significantly improve the health of the ecosystem in the area.2021年新高考卷56._ is so breathtaking about the experience is the out-of-this-world scenes.2021年新高考卷I decided that if I learned of a company 59._ used a lot of plastic,Id send it an email urging it to cut back.202
47、2年新高考卷(理解句意划分结构分析成分)The GPNP is intended to provide stronger protection for all the species 65._ live within the Giant Panda Rangeand significantly improve the health of the ecosystem in the area.2021年新高考卷56._ is so breathtaking about the experience is the out-of-this-world scenes.2021年新高考卷I decided
48、 that if I learned of a company 59._ used a lot of plastic,Id send it an email urging it to cut back.thatWhatwhich/that2021年新高考卷(词性转换)It will 58._(undoubted)help you get refreshed!The amazing thing about the spring is that the colder the temperature gets,the 59._(hot)the spring!Strange,isnt it?But t
49、hats how nature is always leaving us 60._(astonish).2021年新高考卷A company 64._(represent)wrote back and told me the airline was switching over 65._ plastic to paper cups on all of its 1,200 daily flights.2021年新高考卷(理解句意分析成分判断词性)It will 58._(undoubted)help you get refreshed!The amazing thing about the sp
50、ring is that the colder the temperature gets,the 59._(hot)the spring!Strange,isnt it?But thats how nature is always leaving us 60._(astonish).2021年新高考卷A company 64._(represent)wrote back and told me the airline was switching over 65._ plastic to paper cups on all of its 1,200 daily flights.undoubted