1、“情态动词+have done”的用法 一、一、“must have done”一定做过某事一定做过某事v表示表示对过去事情的肯定推测对过去事情的肯定推测，该结构，该结构只用于只用于肯定句。肯定句。v1.It must have rained last night,for the ground is wet.昨晚一定下雨了，因为地面还是湿的。2.You must have been mad to speak to the servant.你和仆人说话，一定是发疯了。二、二、“cant have done”“couldnt have done”不可能做过某事不可能做过某事v表示对过去事情的否定推
2、测表示对过去事情的否定推测，“couldnt have done”较少使用较少使用。v1.Mr.Smith cant have gone to Beijing,for I saw him in the library just now.史密斯先生不史密斯先生不可能去北京了，我刚才还在图书馆见过他。可能去北京了，我刚才还在图书馆见过他。v2.Mary cant have stolen your money.She has gone home.玛丽不可能偷你的钱，她回家玛丽不可能偷你的钱，她回家去了。去了。三、三、“could have done”1)表示猜测，表示猜测，“过去可能做过某事过去可能
3、做过某事”,多用于疑多用于疑问句；问句；2)用于虚拟语气，意思是用于虚拟语气，意思是“本来能够做某事而本来能够做某事而没有做没有做”。vWhat could have happened?难道可能发难道可能发生了什么事吗？生了什么事吗？vThis glass is cracked.Someone could have dropped it.这个玻璃杯破了。可能是谁把它掉在地上了。这个玻璃杯破了。可能是谁把它掉在地上了。vHe could have passed the exam,but he was too careless.本来他能够通过考试，但本来他能够通过考试，但是他太粗心。是他太粗心。“
4、can have done”v表示对发生过的事情的推测，用于疑问句中。表示对发生过的事情的推测，用于疑问句中。vIts so late.Where can she have gone?v天晚了，她可能去哪儿了呢？天晚了，她可能去哪儿了呢？四、四、“may have done”v表示对发生过的事情的推测，意思是表示对发生过的事情的推测，意思是“可能可能已经已经”或或“也许已经也许已经”，用于肯定句中。，用于肯定句中。vWhat has happened to George?vI dont know.He may have got lost.v乔治发生了什么事？v我不知道，他可能迷路了。五、五、“
5、might have done”v1)表示对过去事情的推测，表示对过去事情的推测，might与与may意思相同，意思相同，但可能性更小。但可能性更小。v2)用于虚拟语气中用于虚拟语气中,意思是：意思是：“本来可能做某事，事本来可能做某事，事实上却没做实上却没做”v1.He might have given you more help,even though he was busy.他或许会多给你一些帮助，他或许会多给你一些帮助，即使他很忙。即使他很忙。v2.She might have achieved greater progress,if you had given her more ch
6、ances.如果你多给她如果你多给她点机会，她可能已经取得更大的成绩。点机会，她可能已经取得更大的成绩。六、六、“would have done”v虚拟语气，意思是“本来会做某事，但事实上没做”。v1.I would have told you all about the boys story,but you didnt ask me.我本来会告诉你这个小男孩的故事，但是你没有问我。v2.Without your help,I wouldnt have achieved so much.没有你的帮助，我是不会取得如此大的成绩。七、“should have done”本来应该做某事，而实际没做本
7、来应该做某事，而实际没做v否定式为否定式为“shouldnt have done”表示本来不应该表示本来不应该做某事，而实际做了。含有指责对方或自责的含意。做某事，而实际做了。含有指责对方或自责的含意。v v1.Tom,you are too lazy.The work should have been finished yesterday.汤姆，你太懒惰了，这项工作本来应该昨天就做完的。v2.Look,Tom is crying.I shouldnt have been so harsh on him.看，汤姆哭了，我本来不应该对他如此严厉。八、八、“ought to have done”v
8、表示过去应该做而实际并没有做，译成表示过去应该做而实际并没有做，译成“理理应做应做”，往往表示遗憾。与，往往表示遗憾。与“should+have+done”用法基本一样。用法基本一样。I ought to have gone home last Sunday.我理应上星期日回家。vYou ought not to have given him more help.你不应该帮助他那么多。十、十、“need have done”本来需要做某事而没有做本来需要做某事而没有做v否定式为否定式为“neednt have done”表示表示“本来不需本来不需要做某事而做了要做某事而做了”。vI needn
9、t have bought so much wineonly five people came.我本来没有必要买这么多酒，只来我本来没有必要买这么多酒，只来了五个人。了五个人。vHe need have hurried to the station.In that case,be wouldnt have missed the train.他本来他本来需要快点去车站，那样的话，他就不会误了火车需要快点去车站，那样的话，他就不会误了火车。v1-You didnt wait for Mr.Smith last night,did you?-Actually,we _.He didnt return
10、 home at all.A.couldnt have waited B.neednt have waitedC.didnt need to wait D.should waitv2Harry _ have won the Physics competition easily yesterday,but he gave up.A.could B.might C.should D.must v3-May I speak to your manager Mr.Smith at six oclock tonight?”-“Im sorry,Mr.Smith to a conference befor
11、e then.”A.will have gone B.had gone C.would have gone D.has gonev4-Tom took away our teachers cell phone without being permitted.-Really?I cant imagine that he _ have done such a thing.A.must B.may C.can D.should v5-Was it you that made the suggestion?-It have been.I cant remember.A.need B.must C.sh
12、ould D.mayv6The weather turned out to be fine yesterday.I_ the trouble to carry my umbrella with me.A.should have taken B.could have takenC.neednt have taken D.mustnt have taken v7He paid for a seat,when he _ have entered free.A.could B.would C.must D.needv8I didnt see her in the meeting room this m
13、orning.She at the meeting.A.mustnt have spoken B.mightnt have spokenC.cant have spoken D.shouldnt have spoken v9-Hi,is that Peter Brown?-Sorry.You _ the wrong number.A.must call B.must have called C.should call D.should have calledv10I was on the highway when this car went past followed by a police
14、car.They _ at least 150 kilometers an hour.A.should have been doing B.must have been doingC.could have done D.would have done v11.He is not poor.You _ have lent him the money.A.cant B.neednt C.couldnt D.mustntv12.There was plenty of time.You _ have hurried.A.wont B.mustnt C.neednt D.couldntv13.They _ have finished the work yesterday,but it was raining hard.vA.must B.could C.should D.might
