1、Do it yourself1plead v.找（借口），辩解 恳求，请求：He pleaded with us to let him go to the rock concert.抗辩；答辩：to plead in court The woman charged with murder was said to be mad and unfit to plead.借口 She left early,pleading a headache.He apologized for not coming to the party,pleading pressure of work.I pleaded t
2、hat I was ill so I couldnt go to the party.2 Plead with sb to do sth Plead with sb for sth English is so popular that no one can plead ignorance of it.Pleading ignorance of the law wont help you.He pleaded family problems for his lack of concentration.He pleaded with his parents for a more understan
3、ding attitude.They pleaded with the landlord for more time to pay for the rent.3ignorance n.无知，不懂 His long dull lecture displayed his ignorance of the subject.I regret my ignorance on the subject.He lives in ignorance of outside world.I attempted to mask my ignorance by keeping my head down and not
4、speaking unless spoken to.Be ignorant of/about sth Be unaware of/be unconscious of/be in the dark4publication n.出版物 This material is for publication.这个材料是用于发表的。This book is ready for publication.On the other hand,is a digital publication.另外一块，是数码出版。5newlyweds n.新婚夫妇 Wedding present/dress/banquet/rin
5、g Unwedded mother6gaily adv.愉快地，高兴地 Gaily painted 涂有鲜亮颜色 Gaily decorated 亮色装饰 Gay/lesbian Gaily and happily the prince danced.7leisure n.空闲 At ones leisure Please call me at your leisure.Spare time How do you spend your leisure time?Take a leisurely stroll 悠闲的 Is the ideal place for leisure.是休闲度假的理想
6、场所。Wealth may be an excellent thing,for it means power,leisure,and liberty.Luxury goods,recreation and leisure are all likely to see sharp growth 8 leisure hoursat leisure 悠闲自得的，空闲的 Eg:Im quite at leisure if you want me to help you.at ones leisure 在某人空闲的时候，在某人高兴的时候Eg:Look me up,at your leisure.drop
7、in me,at your leisure.At your leisure,please call me.wait sb.s leisure 等某人有空闲的时候 9keen adj.热心的，渴望的be keen to do sth/be fond of/be crazy about/be earnest about eager,anxiousbe keen about 迷上，喜欢上The boy is keen about footfall.be keen on sth.迷上，喜欢上（口）be keen on hamburgers anxious（焦急的心情，因焦虑而渴望）eager(因特别想
8、得到或拥有某物而渴求)Eg:What are you eager for?keen(因为极大的兴趣和欲念而热衷于)10Intense:keen pain The blind have a keen sense of touch.He has a keen appreciation of music.他对音乐有敏锐的欣赏力。They were particularly keen on shopping malls.他们尤其渴望引入购物商城。11advisory adj.咨询的 Advisory committee/body/services Advisable 明智的可取的 It Is advi
9、sable to do sth12 novice n.新手 The period of being a novice.见习期 Have an eye on her.She is a novice consumer n.消费者，顾客 Consume 消耗13assemble v.装配，组装 assemble vi.众多人的集会=fit,put the parts/pieces togetherEg:It took me three hours to assemble the bicycle.amass,accumulate,collect,gather,assemble,store up,hol
10、d up The captain called the men to assemble.队长命令部队集合。14outlet n.出路排水口，通风口 a way through which sth.may go outan outlet for water 排水口an outlet for air 通风口Eg:This is an outlet for you to get success.He wants an outlet for his anger.他需要一个出气筒。outlet forinlet 进口，入口 This game provides a good outlet for chi
11、ldrens curiosity and creativity.15 Drawing provides an excellent outlet for expressing feelings.16creative adj.创造性的inventive adj.善于创造的，发明的 we want to develop the ability of creative thinking.The masses have boundless creative power.人民群众有无限的创造力。Will policy be creative,or standard?政策是否具备创新性，或权威性？In ad
12、dition to his novels,creative nonfiction,short stories and essays,Mailer wrote,produced,directed and acted in several films.除了小说，非小说类文章，短篇小说和散文以外，梅勒写作，制造，导演和饰演多部电影。17handyman n.手巧的人，能工巧匠craftsman resourceful adj.足智多谋的=witty 机智的，俏皮的，言辞巧妙的wit 智慧，智谋resource 资源；消遣，娱乐=entertainment,amusemententertainment
13、 为使某人开心而进行的娱乐和消遣=amusementresource 消遣的目的是为了打发时间 18 They are an able people,very industrious and resourceful.这是一个能干的民族，非常勤劳而机智。Ability to work independently,mature and resourceful.能独立工作，思想成熟，足智多谋。19 fuse v.由于烧断保险丝而短路 To defuse a bomb rickety adj.要散架的，晃动的 The bed is rickety unstable.clog v.堵塞 The road
14、 was clogged with traffic.delusion n.错觉 He had the delusion that he was a king 20 lawn mower 割草机 adjustment n.调整 adjust 指调整，调节，使之适应 They will make adjustment to my salary this month.I believe its normal to have a period of adjustment.21screw n.螺丝钉screw vt.拧 screw down 用螺丝钉固定住；约束screw up 固定住；把.揉成一团sc
15、rew out 拧出来；勉强拿出，逼出screw around 鬼混；闲逛as he has a screw loose/missingEg:Dont have a chat with him as he has a screw loose.不要跟他闲聊，他这个人疯疯颠颠的。You must have your head screwed properly.你必须保持头脑清醒。22 dismantle v.拆卸take aparttear down chunk n.（厚）块 A chunk of cheese The rent takes a large chunk out of my mont
16、hly salary.23snap v.绷断 snap the violin string/snap the stick in 2pieces break suddenlyThe chain snapped suddenly.snap ones fingers at sb.弹响指snap sth.up 迅速地抓住机会抢购Eg:The cheapest dresses were quickly snapped up.抢购一空in a snap 立刻，马上It is a snap.很轻松，小菜一碟 24insurmountable adj.不能克服的，难以对付的problems/obstacles
17、 mount=cannot be overcomesurmount:克服 surmount difficultyEg:They are faced with insurmountable difficulties.vanquish:克服 Nag sb to do sth./nag sb into doing sth Nagged at sb 指责某人25Text So+adj/adv+that 倒装 such.that.（that引导同位语从句,进一步补充说明such的基本内涵）such=so+相关形容词 He was so kind that we will never forget him
18、.His kindness was such that we will never forget him.=Such was his kindness that（such在句首要倒装）26 The weather is so hot that we can only stay in air-conditioned places.=the weather is such that we can only stay in air-conditioned places.He was so angry that he lost control of himself.=his anger was suc
19、h that he lost control of himself.=such was his anger that he lost control of himself.27倒装：倒装：（部分倒装）1否定副词位于句首,要倒装。never,seldom,rarely,little,hardly,scarcely,nowhere,no sooner-Never have I read such stories.-Nowhere can he find the book he wants.-Hardly did I think it possible.2含有only的状语位于句首,句子要倒装。-O
20、nly then did he realize that he had made a mistake.-Only when a great deal more information has been obtained will it be possible to plan a trip.28 3含有not的副词短语位于句首,句子要倒装。not for a second 决不,毫不/not in the least 绝不,一点也不 not for an instant,not until-Not in the least is he interested in English literatu
21、re.-Not for an instant did I believe he had lied.4含有no的短语位于句首,句子要倒装。at on time,in no way,in no sense,by no means,in no case,on no account,on no condition,under no circumstances （都表示绝不）-Under no circumstances can we accept the check.On no account must you leave the baby in the house.5so such位于句首,句子要倒
22、装29 So great is our passion for doing things for ourselves,that we are becoming increasingly less dependent on specialized labour.此句的基本句型是so.that.引导的结果状语从句，为了强调great这个词，把so great 提到句首，因此主谓语要倒装。passion for doing sth.Have a passion for sth feel/develop a passion for sth Have a craze for sth Have an in
23、stinct for sth Take a fancy for sth.30Less and less=increasingly lessmore and more=increasingly more be/become dependent on independentless dependent=more independentspecialized=skillful Job hunting is increasingly more difficult.With the fast growth of the internet,it is increasingly easier to cont
24、act one far away from us.31Specialized labour Home helper Baby sitter Domestic science Household art Household management32Embark on/upon To start sth new or difficult The actress is about to embark on a diplomatic career.Lay out 展示；安排；花钱；为划样；提议 You lay out your own path.Let me lay out the relevant
25、economic theory and evidence The office is poorly laid out.The flower garden was tastefully laid out.He laid out all his savings in buying a car.33Go to the length of doing sth Soas to do=sothat.结果、程度 So as to=in order to=so that Books are now so expensive as to be out of the reach of many people.=b
26、ooks are now so expensive that they are out of the reach of many people.Houses should be built so as to admit plenty of light as well as fresh air.=Houses should be built so that they can admit plenty of light as well as fresh air.34Go too far/go to extremes She went so far as to say that I had chea
27、ted her out of her money.The united states government has gone so far as to interfere in Chinas internal affairs.满足(需要)；迎合：We arent able to cater for your particular needs.35Pent up anger/grief/emotion/feelings 把关于围栏；把关起来；囚禁（pen的过去分词）as pent-up demand is unleashed.作为被压抑的需求释放出来。Grief pent up will bur
28、st the heart.抑制悲伤，炸裂心脏。nobody would like being pent up in the house.没有人喜欢被囚禁在房子里。Wave after wave of pent-up emotion poured out.郁积已久的情感波涛般地滚滚而出。36Be born blind/deaf She was born beautiful.I was born this way/like that.She is a born actress.He is a born winner.Some people believe interpreters are born
29、 not made.They are made for each other.He is not made for it./he is not cut out for it.Come on,dont give me that,I wasnt born yesterday.First-born第一胎37Not all of us 部分否定句 All/both/every/everybody/everything/everywhere/always/altogether/entirely/wholly/quite +not38Tend to do sth=be likely to do sth I
30、t tends to rain a lot here in the spring.He tends to get angry when people disagree with him.39It,as much as anything else,is a question of pride.Question/thing/issue/matter/question For him,to be successful is merely a matter of time.Get round to doing sth=spare time for sth 抽出时间做(或考虑)某事：He says he
31、ll get round to it next week.40Not hear of 不允许做某事 She wanted to walk home but I wouldnt hear of it.He wouldnt hear of my walking home alone.41be left with:被留下被剩下 You will not be left with any regret.你将不会留下任何遗憾。If it continues,future generations will be left with a legacy遗产 of pollution and destructi
32、on.42 So moved was she that she could not say a word.So loudly did he speak that even the people in the next room could hear him.So fast does light travel that it is difficult for us to imagine.Diplomatic Both methods are not practical/conductive.Such a thing is not found everywhere.A man of learning is not always a man of wisdom.43 All that glitters is not gold.Mary is not always happy.I dont wholly agreed.None that glitters is gold.Opportunities come to all,but all are not ready for them when they come.The laid-off Foods tend to go bad in summers.44
