1、形容词和副词（一）语法专题五教学目标1.掌握形容词用法及辨析2.掌握副词用法及辨析3.掌握形容词和副词的比较等级4.形容词和副词的构词法形容词和副词形容词用法及辨析副词用法及辨析形容词和副词的比较等级形容词用法及辨析形容词短语的辨析形容词的用法形容词的辨析（-ing形容词和-ed形容词）作表语作定语作宾补与at搭配与about搭配与for搭配与in搭配与from搭配与of搭配与with搭配与to搭配副词用法及辨析时间副词today,now,soon,just.地点副词here,there,home.方式副词quietly,quickly.程度副词much,too,enough.疑问副词when
2、,where,how.关系副词when,where,why.频度副词 often,usaully,never.几组副词辨析副词的用法副词的分类作表语作状语作宾补形容词和副词的比较等级形容词（或副词）比较等级的构成形容词（或副词）原级的用法形容词（或副词）比较级和最高级的用法考点一 形容词的用法及辨析一、形容词的用法说明人或事物的特征、性质或状态，常用来修饰名词或不定代词的词叫形容词。1.作定语，放在名词之前，复合不定代词之后。如 The nice girl is my sister.这个漂亮的女孩是我妹妹。I have something important to tell you.我有一些重
3、要的事情要告诉你。2.作表语，放在系动词之后。如 He looks very happy.他看起来很开心。3.作宾补，放在宾语之后，常与make，leave，keep等动词连用。如：You must keep your eyes closed.你必须闭上眼睛。-ing形容词修饰物 -ed 形容词修饰人 例句 二、形容词辨析1.-ing形容词和-ed形容词surprising令人惊讶的surprised感到惊讶的This is a surprising story.I am surprised at the news.interesting有趣的interested感兴趣的 I have an
4、interesting book.He is interested in science.exciting令人兴奋的excited感到兴奋的Have you heard of the exciting news?We are excited about the traveling.pleasing 令人愉快的pleased感到愉快/满意的This is a pleasing trip.The teacher is pleased with our performance.-ing形容词修饰物 -ed 形容词修饰人 例句frightening令人恐惧的frightened感到恐惧的This is
5、 a frightening story.We are frightened of the ghost.moving令人感动的moved 受感动的Titanic is a moving film.We are moved by Lei Fuguo deeply.tiring令人疲倦的tired感到疲倦的Its a long tiring day.Im too tired.fascinating 迷人的fanscinated着迷的What a fascinating voice!Many boys are fascinated by computer games.2.形容词短语辨析在英语中有很多
6、形容句后需要加特定的介词构成形容词短语，常见的有（1）与about搭配be careful about对小心be sure about 对有把握be crazy about对热衷be curious about 对好奇be worried about 对担忧be anxious about 对感到焦虑be sorry about 对感到遗憾be strict about sth.对某事要求严格（2）与at搭配be amused at以为乐be annoyed at 对.恼怒be surprised at 对感到惊奇be angry at 对生气be good at在方面擅长（3）与for搭配b
7、e famous for因而著名get ready for为做好准备be sorry for为感到抱歉be fit/unfit for适合/不适合be good for对 有好处be bad for对 有坏处be suitable for适合be thirsty for渴望（4）与from搭配be absent from缺席be different from与不同be separated from和 分离开（5）与in搭配be interested in对感兴趣be weak in在方面薄弱be different in在方面不同be successful in在成功（6）与 of搭配be a
8、fraid of害怕be fond of喜欢be proud of为感到自豪be tired of 对感到厌倦be full of充满be careful of对.小心be short of短缺be ashamed of 对感到羞愧（7）与to搭配be close to接近，靠近be good to 对好be kind to 对和蔼be rude to 对.粗鲁be polite to 对有礼貌be useful to 对有用be related to与.有关be similar to 与.相似（8）与with搭配be angry with对生气be careful with 小心be bus
9、y with 忙于be filled with充满be satisfied with对感到满意be pleased with对感到满意be patient with对有耐心be strict with sh.对某人要求严格考点一形容词词义辨析1.The show was so_that I couldnt stop laughing.A.sadB.terrible C.funny D.serious 2.Dont play games on the computer all day.Its_to your eyes.A.harmful B.useful C.helpful D.thankful
10、 3.We experienced a few_we waited to hear the results of the test.A.pleasantB.anxiousC.hopeful D.disappointingCAB4.Whoever he is,a common man can be called a_hero when he is admired by us for doing something brave or good.A.real B.smart C.perfect 5.How_!There are no workers in the bank.Its the first
11、 self-service bank in China.A.strangeB.scary C.boring6.This dog looks_.Its wearing red shoes.A.clever B.braveC.funny D.careful AAC7.Lukes mother will be_him if he wins the reading competition.A.proud of B.tired ofC.worried about D.strict with 8.Helping others makes us very_.A.lonely B.proud C.lazy D
12、.harmful9.Eating dumplings at the Spring Festival is_in China.A.patient B.luckyC.possible D.traditionalABD10.Confucius（孔子）is also very famous in many Western countries because he taught people to be_to others first.A.similar B.kind C.important11.Dont hurry him.You will just have to be _and wait unti
13、l he finishes the work.A.activeB.carefulC.patientD.famousBC12.Its very_to feel nervous when you go to a new school.A.natural B.dangerous C.soft D.cool 13.Mum，I did best in our group discussion today.Well done!I_you.A.am mad at B.am patient with C.am proud ofAC考点二副词的用法及辨析一、副词的用法副词用来说明时间、地点、程度、方式等概念，主
14、要用来修饰动词、形容词及其他副词或整个句子。1.作状语Please listen to me carefully.请仔细听我说。Luckily，he was not badly hurt.幸运的是，他伤得不是太重。2.作表语（表示方位上的变化）My father will be back in a week.我父亲一周后回来。3.作宾补Let him in，please.请让他进来。二、副词的分类1.时间副词2.地点副词3.方式副词副词的分类有now、then、today、tomorrow、yesterday、before、ago、soon、immediately、lately、early、a
15、lready、yet、ever等有 outside、inside、upstairs、here、there、home、near、away、in、back、off、up、anywhere 等。地点副词和动词连用时不用加介词有 quickly、happily、loudly、suddenly、luckily、badly、easily、fast等。方式副词大多由形容词+ly构成4.频度副词ways、usually、oftmetimeser等5.程度副词6.疑问副词（词组）（常用来构成特殊疑问句）7.关系副词副词的分类有always、usually、often、sometimes、never等al有 ve
16、ry、quite、rather、too、much、so 等有 when、where、why、how 等有when、where、why 等，常用来引导定语从句用法用法例句例句how long how soon三、几组副词辨析how long，how soon，how often和 how far多久，多长时间，对一个持续的时间段提问，常用for+时间段或since+时间点回答How long have you been in China?For three months.你来中国有多久了?有三个月了。多快，多久以后，对一个短暂性动作提问，用于一般将来时的句子中，常用in+时间段回答How soo
17、n will he come back?In five minutes.他多久以后才能回来?5分钟后。用法用法例句例句how often how far多长时间一次，对频率提问，常用 once/twice/threetimes a week 等回答多远，对距离提问How often do you visit your grandparents?Once a week.你多久去看望你的祖父母一次?一周一次。How far is it from your home to your school?About two kilometers.你家离学校有多远?大概两千米。用法用法例句例句hardhard
18、lyhard和 hardly努力地，大量地，猛烈地几乎不，是否定副词Its raining hard.雨下得很大。I can hardly understand his words.我几乎听不懂他说的话。用法用法例句例句much tootoo muchmuch too和too much非常,极其,太,中心词是 too,much修饰 too,以加强语气,much too 修饰形容词或副词原级The car is much too expensive.这辆轿车实在太贵了。太多,中心词是much,too修饰much,以加强语气,too much修饰不可数名词,与too many相对应,too man
19、y修饰可数名词复数Theres too much rain in summer.夏天雨水太多了。用法用法例句例句sometimessometime some timessometimes，sometime和 some times指有时候 Sometimes I go to school by bike.有时我骑自行车上学。表示将来或过去的某个时候New students will come to our school sometime next week.新同学将于下周的某个时候来我们学校。表示几次，几倍Our school is some times larger than theirs.我
20、们学校比他们学校大几倍。考点二副词词义辨析1.I cant hear the teacher_with so much noise outside.A.clearlyB.slowly C.warmly 2.Alen always behaves_,so many people like him.A.easilyB.politely C.friendlyD.lively 3.If one of your friends sends you a message to borrow money on the Internet,youd better phone him_to make sure of
21、 that.A.recently B.directlyC.finally ABB4.He was once_killed in a car accident several years ago.A.completely B.sally C.exactly D.nearly5.There was a car accident on Xinhua Road yesterday._,nobody was hurt.A.Luck B.LuckilyC.UnluckyD.Unluckily6.Mrs.Smith showed the boys how to behave_like a gentleman
22、 at the dinner table.A.happilyB.bravelyC.politelyD.differentlyDBC7.Can you open a gift_after you receive it in England?Yes.We dont have to wait.A.mainly B.immediately C.nearlyD.loudly8.We had a football match yesterday.Our fans cheered us on _and we felt more confident.A.slowly B.loudly C.nearlyD.ca
23、relessly9.Well have to say goodbye，my dear friends!But I will _forget the days we spent together.A.always B.often C.never D.usuallyBBC10.Jimmy，where are my glasses?I have looked everywhere.Oh,Granny.They are_on your nose.A.evenB.well C.rightD.ever11.Skimming is a kind of reading strategy.It means re
24、ading an article_ to find the main idea without reading every word.A.quickly B.carefully C.clearly12.I cant tell the exact time.My watch goes a few minutes _.A.sooner B.faster C.later D.longer CAB13.Tom fell off his bike，and his hand was hurt_.A.quietlyB.carefullyC.slowly D.badly14.The movie covers
25、all of Chinese history.It is _worth seeing again.A.mainly B.really C.possiblyD.hardly15.I fell off the bike on my way to school._,I wasnt hurt.A.Luckily B.Suddenly C.Politely D.RecentlyDBA16.It was late.She opened the door_because she didnt want to wake up her grandma.A.angrily B.quietlyC.loudly D.heavily17._,Chinese people celebrate the Mid-Autumn Festival by enjoying the full moon and eating mooncake A.Quickly B.Suddenly C.SecretlyD.TraditionallyBDThank you
