1、中考一轮复习中考一轮复习句子成分句子成分一.主语句子所述的主体，一般在句首，可用作主语的有名词，代词，数词，不定式，动名词，从句等1.My head aches.名词作主语 2.This is my favourite book.代词作主语句子成分3.Eight is my lucky number.数词作主语 4.To be a scientist is my dream.不定式作主语5.Playing with my dog is funny.动名词作主语6.That he finished writing the composition in such a short time surp
2、rised us all 句子作主语句子成分二.谓语一般在主语之后，由单个动词/动词短语或多个动词（助动词或情态动词+主要动词）构成。1.My mother likes dancing.单个动词2.I would like that kind of flower.情态动词+主要动词句子成分三.宾语在句子中充当动作的承受者，一般放于及物动词之后。可用作宾语的有名词，代词，数词，不定式，动名词，从句等1.Dogs like meat.名词2.His age is 18.数词句子成分3.Come here.代词作宾语 4.I want to do nothing.不定式作宾语5.I dont lik
3、e doing housework.动名词作宾语6.The best is that he has passed the exam.句子作宾语7.Mr Wang teaches us English.间接宾语 直接宾语 四.补足语一种补充主语或宾语意义的句子成分。补充主语意义的句子成分叫做主语补足语，补充宾语意义的句子成分叫做宾语补足语。可以作宾语补足语的有名词，形容词，副词，不定式，动名词，分词，介词短语等。1.I find learning English difficult.形容词作宾补2.I saw the kite up and down.副词作宾补句子成分3.I saw her b
4、eaten inside school gate.过去分词作宾补 4.I cant get him to talk.不定式作宾补5.Call me Leo.名词作宾补.6.We found her in tears.介词短语作宾补五.状语修饰动词，形容词，副词以及全句的句子成分。作状语的有副词，名词，数词，形容词，不定式，分词，介词短语，从句等。按用途分为时间，地点，原因，结果，目的，条件，让步，程度，方式，伴随等。五.状语（1）按词性分She always arrives at 7 a.m.副词作状语How many hours are there in a day？介词短语作状语Im go
5、ing to her house to find out whats wrong.不定式作状语What was he doing when the rainstorm came?句子作状语五.状语（1）按方式分She always arrives at 7 a.m.时间状语I come specially to see you.目的状语Im afraid of being late.原因状语We played on the play ground.地点状语五.同位语一个名词（或其它形式）对另一个名词或代词进行解释或补充说明，这个名词（或其它形式）就是同位语。同位语与被它限定的词的格式要一致，并
6、常常紧挨在一起。同位语除表示其同位成分的全部意义外，还可以表示部分意义。句子成分1.Mr.Smith,our new teacher,is very kind to us.2.Yesterday I met Tom,a friend of my brothers.3.He told me that his brother John was a world-famous doctor.4.We Chinese people are brave and hard-working.六、划分下列句子成分 Young people are always told that they should mak
7、e the most of their time,that they will never be as free again.翻译：年轻人一直被告知，他们应该充分利用他们的时间，并且他们再也不会像这般自由。句子成分分析：Young people（主语）are always told（谓语）that they should make the most of their time,（宾从1）that they will never be as free again.（宾从2）Parents say that they make their kids do housework to teach th
8、em responsibility（责任感）.翻译：父母说他们让孩子做家务，来教他们责任感。句子成分分析：Parents（主语）say（谓语）that they make their kids do housework to teach them responsibility（宾从）.词汇积累：training培训 expense消费 requirement要求 care for照顾 homeless无家可归的Call 492-9345 to learn about training,expense and other requirements that are needed to care
9、for a homeless child in your family.翻译：拨打电话 492 9345了解培训，费用以及照顾你家庭中无家可归孩子的其他要求。句子成分分析：Call（谓语）492-9345（宾语）to learn about training,expense and other requirements that are needed to care for a homeless child in your family.这其中that are needed to care for a homeless child in your family是定语从句修饰requiremen
10、ts.Many times the greatest heroes are the people we deal with everyday-relatives，friends and neighbors-who will keep going when it is easier to give up.很多时候，最伟大的英雄是我们每天一起打交道的人，亲戚，朋友和邻居们，在放弃比较容易的时候，他们继续前行句子成分分析：we deal with everyday为people的定语从句，relatives等词为同位语，who will keep going 为people 的定语从句，when it is easier to give up 为状语从句
