1、Unit 5 Languages around the WorldNote1:定语从句：当我们把一个句子用来做定语从句：当我们把一个句子用来做_去去修饰一个修饰一个_时，这个句子就称为定语从句。时，这个句子就称为定语从句。Note2:被定语从句限定的词叫做被定语从句限定的词叫做_,引导定语从引导定语从句的词叫做句的词叫做_，分别是，分别是_和和_;其中其中_为关系代词。为关系代词。定语定语名词或者代词名词或者代词先行词先行词引导词引导词关系代词关系代词关系副词关系副词which,that,who,whom,whose,asReviewBobby is a boy who is very fat
2、.先行词先行词关系词关系词定语从句定语从句先行词先行词:被修饰的名词或代词被修饰的名词或代词关系词：关系词：1.连接从句；连接从句；2.替代先行词；替代先行词；3.在从句中充当语法成分在从句中充当语法成分 当当关系代词关系代词可指代可指代从句中的成分从句中的成分whowhomwhichthatwhose人人主语、宾语主语、宾语人人宾语宾语物物主语、宾语主语、宾语人、物人、物主语、宾语主语、宾语人、物人、物定语定语Exercises1.There were deep cracks _ appeared in the well walls.2.A quake _ caused damage was
3、 more than 150 kilometres away in Beijing.3.Two thirds of the people _ lived there were dead or injured.4.The number of people _ were killed or badly injured in the quake was more than 400,000.which/thatwhich/thatwho/thatwho/that关系副词 when where whyIn which situation are they used to introduce an att
4、ributive clause?Tom will never forget 6 Dec.2021 when he was late for class.Analyze the sentence先行词先行词关系副词关系副词定语从句定语从句Tom will never forget 6 Dec.2021.He was late for class on 6 Dec.2021.Tom will never forget 6 Dec.2021 on which he was late for class.引导定语从句的关系词在从句中作引导定语从句的关系词在从句中作时间状语时间状语，可使用，可使用关系副
5、词关系副词when来引导，也可用来引导，也可用“介词介词+which”来引导，来引导，介词可使用介词可使用in/on/at/during时间时间时间状语时间状语October 1st,1949 was the day when/on which the Peoples Republic of China was founded.1949年年10月月1日是中华人民共和国建立日是中华人民共和国建立(found)的那天。的那天。Ill never forget the day when/on which I joined the league.我永不会忘记我加入联盟我永不会忘记我加入联盟(leagu
6、e)的那一天。的那一天。Practice不能看到时间就用不能看到时间就用when看从句缺什么成分看从句缺什么成分Ill never forget the day _ I lived in the mountains.Ill never forget the day _ I spent in the mountains.whenthat/which/省略省略He arrived at the classroom where he and his friends study.Analyze the sentence先行词关系副词定语从句He arrived at the classroom.He
7、and his friends study in the classroom.He arrived at the classroom in which he and his friends study.引导定语从句的关系词在从句中作引导定语从句的关系词在从句中作地点状语地点状语，可使用，可使用关系副词关系副词where来引导，也可用来引导，也可用“介词介词+which”来引来引导，介词可使用导，介词可使用in/on/at/under/地点地点状语地点状语11Yunnan is the city where/in which I was born.云南是我出生的地方。云南是我出生的地方。This
8、 is the farm where/on which a lot of cows were buried.这就是那个许多奶牛被埋掉的农场。这就是那个许多奶牛被埋掉的农场。Practice不能看到地点就用不能看到地点就用where,看从句缺什么成分看从句缺什么成分This is the house _ he was born.This is the house _ was set up by his parents.wherethat/which先行词是situation,case,point,condition,stage 等抽象地点的名词，且关系词在定语从句中作状语时，也应用where引导
9、。He gets into a situation where it is hard to decide what is right or wrong.The reason why I was late is that I didnt catch the bus!Analyze the sentence先行词关系副词定语从句原因The reason is that I didnt catch the bus!I was late for the reason.The reason for which I was late is that I didnt catch the bus!引导定语从句
10、的关系词在从句中作引导定语从句的关系词在从句中作原因状原因状语，可使用语，可使用关系副词关系副词why来引导，来引导，why可换成可换成“for+which”原因状语原因状语I dont know the reason why/for which he looks unhappy today.我不知道他今天看起来不开心的原因。我不知道他今天看起来不开心的原因。The reason why/for which he refused the invitation is quite clear.他拒绝掉邀请的原因已经很明确了。他拒绝掉邀请的原因已经很明确了。Practice不能看到不能看到reaso
11、n,就用就用why.看从句缺什么成分看从句缺什么成分This is the reason _ he was late.This is the reason _he told us for his being late.whythat/which关系副词关系副词先行词先行词在从句中作在从句中作成分成分相当于相当于wherewhenwhy地点名词地点名词地点状语地点状语时间名词时间名词时间状语时间状语reason原因状语原因状语in,at等介词等介词+whichat,in,on,during等等介词介词+whichfor+which如何选择关系代词如何选择关系代词VSVS关系副词关系副词?从句从句
12、缺少缺少主、宾、定主、宾、定关系代词关系代词关系副词关系副词 从句缺从句缺状语状语1.Is this the park_ Anna visited yesterday?A.for which B.where C.whose D.which2.Is this park _ Anna played with her friends yesterday?A.where B.at which C.the one D.that Make comparisonsDA2.This is the place _I used to enjoy reading.A.there B.when C.where D.w
13、hichMake comparisons1.This is the place _I have ever visited.A.there B.when C.where D.whichDC1.Nobody knows the reason _ he told me yesterday.A.that B.whose C.why D.when2.Nobody knows the reason _ she didnt come to the meeting.A.that B.which C.why D.whenMake comparisonsAC1.He still remembers the day
14、s _ he stayed with your family.A.when B.where C.that D.in which2.He still remembers the days _ he spent with your family.A.when B.where C.that D.on whichMake comparisonsACExercises1.Do you still remember the first day _ you went to high school?2.I paid a visit to Fudan University _ my father studied
15、 thirty years ago.3.Do you know the real reason _ Anne didnt go to the get-together?4.Tomorrow I will bring here the magazine for _ you asked.whenwherewhywhich5.Peter put himself in a situation _ he had to leave the company.6.There was a time _ my daughter was crazy about pop music.7.The restaurant
16、_ I have eaten a wonderful meal is going to close down.8.There are two main reasons _ this situation has been allowed to continue.wherewhenwherewhyThis is the factory.I worked in the factory ten years ago.合成句子。合成句子。This is the factory where I worked ten years ago.in whichTheyll never forget July 1.H
17、ong Kong returned to its motherland on July 1.Theyll never forget July 1 when Hong Kong returned to its motherland.The days are gone forever.We lived together happily during those days.The days when we lived together happily are gone forever.Theyll never forget July 1 when Hong Kong returned to its
18、motherland.The days when we lived together happily are gone forever.on whichduring whichThere are many reasons.People like traveling for many reasons.There are many reasons why people like traveling.for which“介词关系代词介词关系代词”引导的定语从句引导的定语从句当关系代词在定语从句中作介词的宾语时，我们当关系代词在定语从句中作介词的宾语时，我们通常用通常用“介词关系代词介词关系代词”引导
19、定语从句。引导定语从句。如果指如果指“人人”，用，用“介词介词whom”；如果指如果指“物物”，用，用“介词介词which”；关系代词有时也用关系代词有时也用whose(作定语作定语)。如果指如果指“人人”，用，用“介词介词whom”The pen is missing now.I wrote with the pen.The pen which I wrote with is missing now.The pen with which I wrote is missing now.如果指如果指“物物”，用，用“介词介词which”Xiao Li is my good friend.I wr
20、ote a letter to him.Xiao Li is my good friend whom I wrote a letter to.Xiao Li is my good friend to whom I wrote a letter.He is the man in whom you can believe.1.看定语从句中动词或形容词与介词的搭配。看定语从句中动词或形容词与介词的搭配。He gave me some books with which I am not very familiar.2.看介词与先行词搭配。看介词与先行词搭配。This is our classroom
21、in which there is a teachers desk.The farm on which my father works is far from the town.3.根据句意而定。根据句意而定。The soldier,without whom I wouldnt have suvived the earthquake,retired last week.如何判断介词如何判断介词1.That is the place _ they met for the first time.那就是他们第一次见面的地方。那就是他们第一次见面的地方。2.China is the only coun
22、try _ _ 中国是唯一一个发现野生大熊猫的国家。中国是唯一一个发现野生大熊猫的国家。where/in which where/in which wild pandas can be found.Exercises3.Ill never forget the day _ I first went to school.when/on which4.Ive always longed for the days _ _.when/in which I should be able to be independent1.This is the rock _ the boy fell down into the sea.2.The film star _ we talked a lot yesterday will give us a speech tomorrow.3.The West Lake _ Hangzhou is famous in the world will be more beautiful.4.The subject _ Xiao Wang is good is physics.from whichabout whomfor whichat which
