1、7.Claire thought it was ridiculous to be offered sympathy by a robot.1)to be offered是不定式的被动式是不定式的被动式,在在宾语从句中作真正的主语宾语从句中作真正的主语,it是形式主是形式主语。不定式的被动式可在句中作多种语。不定式的被动式可在句中作多种成分成分,是高考的热点之一。是高考的热点之一。考例考例1 The children talked so loudly at dinner table that I had to struggle _.(浙江浙江2007)A.to be heard B.to hav
2、e heard C.hearing D.being heard 点拨点拨 struggle to do sth.努力做某事，努力做某事，又因又因I 与与hear之间构成逻辑上的被动关之间构成逻辑上的被动关系，所以用不定式的被动式，故选系，所以用不定式的被动式，故选A。8.elegant 优雅的，高雅的优雅的，高雅的an elegant vase 别致的花瓶别致的花瓶an elegant gentleman举止文雅的绅士举止文雅的绅士9.pile 堆堆a pile of=piles of=a lot of堆积如山的堆积如山的I have a pile of work to do this eve
3、ning.今晚我有一大堆工作要做。今晚我有一大堆工作要做。10.or rather或者说，准确地说或者说，准确地说What I want is the truth,or rather a series of truth.我需要的是事实我需要的是事实,准确地准确地说是一系列事实。说是一系列事实。11.absurd荒谬的荒谬的,可笑的可笑的 an absurd opinion谬论谬论 Dont be absurd！别胡闹！别胡闹！12.As he was not allowed to accompany her to the shops.因为克莱尔不让托尼陪她去商店因为克莱尔不让托尼陪她去商店 a
4、ccompany vt.陪伴，陪同，同时存在陪伴，陪同，同时存在 或发生，为或发生，为伴奏伴奏accompany sb.to a place 陪伴某人去陪伴某人去accompany sth.with/by sth.与某事物同进存在或发生与某事物同进存在或发生keep sb company 陪伴某人，和某人做伴陪伴某人，和某人做伴in the company of sb.在某人陪同下在某人陪同下He accompanied the frightened girl to her house and kept her company until she calmed down.他他陪陪那个受惊的女孩
5、回家，并陪着她那个受惊的女孩回家，并陪着她直到她镇静下来。直到她镇静下来。Thunders accompanied by heavy rain in this season are very common.这个季节，雷鸣常常这个季节，雷鸣常常伴伴有大雨。有大雨。13.ring sb.up=call sb.up=give sb.a call/ring=call sb.on the telephone=phone sb 打电话给某人打电话给某人ring off the telephone挂断电话挂断电话call back=ring back回电话回电话14.As she turned around
6、,there stood Gladys Claffern.当她转过身去时当她转过身去时,格拉雷斯格拉雷斯克拉芬克拉芬站在那里。站在那里。turn around同同turn round 转过身转过身 1)与与turn有关的短语有关的短语:turn back 折回折回,翻回翻回 turn in 上交上交turn down 拒绝拒绝,调小调小/低低turn out 结果是结果是;生产生产turn on 开开(灯等灯等)turn off 关关(灯等灯等)turn up 出现出现;到达到达2008全国卷全国卷-What are you reading,Tom?-Im not really reading
7、,just _ the pages.A.turning off B.turning around C.turning over D.turning up 解析：解析：C本题考查动词短评辨析。本题考查动词短评辨析。turn over意意为为“翻动翻动”，“把把反过来反过来”；turn over the pages即即“翻动书页翻动书页”，符合搭配。符合搭配。2)there stood.此句为此句为存在存在结构结构,常常用于这种结构的动词有用于这种结构的动词有stand,seem to be,happen to be,be likely to be,live,come,enter,lie等等 Th
8、ere happened to be nobody in the room.15.By the amused and surprised look on her face,Chaire knew that Gladys thought she was having an affair.After all,she knew Claires husbands name was Larry,not Tony.从她脸上惊奇的表情判断从她脸上惊奇的表情判断,克莱尔知克莱尔知道拉迪斯认为她有外遇道拉迪斯认为她有外遇,毕竟她知道毕竟她知道她丈夫的名字是拉里她丈夫的名字是拉里,而不是托尼。而不是托尼。1)by
9、 prep.此处相当于此处相当于according to根据根据,按照按照By my watch it is two oclock.by的用法：的用法：“到到.时为止时为止”,其后若跟过去时间其后若跟过去时间,时态多用过去完成时时态多用过去完成时;若跟将来时间若跟将来时间,时态多用将来完成时。时态多用将来完成时。By the age of 15,he had taught himself advanced maths.到到15岁时岁时,他就自学完了高等数学。他就自学完了高等数学。表示时间时表示时间时,还有还有“在在期间期间,不迟于不迟于”的意思。的意思。I have no idea why h
10、e often sleeps by day.我不知道他为什么常在白天睡我不知道他为什么常在白天睡觉。觉。By tomorrow he will be here.他明天就到这儿。他明天就到这儿。by 作为介词和副词作为介词和副词,意思还有意思还有“在附在附近近,在旁边在旁边,经经,由由,依据依据,通过通过,用用,以以方式方式”等。等。There is a mall table by the bed.在床边有一张小桌子。在床边有一张小桌子。Please let me by.请让我进去。请让我进去。2)affair暖昧关系暖昧关系,事情事情,私通私通Dont mind ones own affair
11、es/business.别管闲事！别管闲事！have an affair with sb.跟某人有不正当的男女关系跟某人有不正当的男女关系3).after all毕竟毕竟,别忘了别忘了You should be proud of him,after all,he is just a child.16.Tony told her and suggested that she invite Gladys and her friends to the house the night before he was to leave and Larry was to return.点拨点拨 该句是一个由该
12、句是一个由and(第一个第一个and)连接连接的并列句。第二个分句包含一个的并列句。第二个分句包含一个that引导引导的宾语从句的宾语从句,the night before.在句中作在句中作时间状语。还要注意的是时间状语。还要注意的是suggest意为意为“建议建议”,后接宾语从句时，从句的谓语后接宾语从句时，从句的谓语动词用虚拟语气动词用虚拟语气,即即“(should+)动词原动词原形形”。考点考点 was to leave和和was to return是过去将是过去将来时，表示按计划或安排将要发生的事。来时，表示按计划或安排将要发生的事。考例考例 In a room above the s
13、tore,where a party _,some workers were busily setting the table.(湖南湖南2006)A.was to be held B.has been held C.will be held D.is being held 解析解析 根据根据“some workers were busily setting the table”可知聚会尚未举行可知聚会尚未举行,要用将要用将来时来时,又因整个句子用了过去时又因整个句子用了过去时,故选故选A。17.firm稳固的稳固的,坚实的坚实的as firm as a rock坚如磐石坚如磐石a firm
14、faith坚定的信念坚定的信念a firm foundation牢固的基础牢固的基础18.She cried out“Tony”and then heard him declare that he didnt want to leave her the next day and that he felt more than just the desire to please her.她大叫一声她大叫一声“托尼托尼”,然后听到托尼一然后听到托尼一本本正经地说正经地说,第二天他不想离开她第二天他不想离开她,而且他并而且他并不满足于仅仅使她开心。不满足于仅仅使她开心。点拨点拨 该句的主句包含两个并列
15、的谓语该句的主句包含两个并列的谓语,即即cried和和heard。declare后接两个后接两个that引引导的宾语从句导的宾语从句,其中第一个宾语从句中的其中第一个宾语从句中的that可以省略。可以省略。declare vt.1)宣布宣布,宣告宣告;声明声明+(that)to make known formally or officially.The new Congress declared a state of war with Germany.新的国会向德国宣战了。新的国会向德国宣战了。2)宣称宣称;断言断言+(that)The accused man declared himself
16、 innocent.被告声称他是无罪的。被告声称他是无罪的。She declared that she didnt want to see him again.她宣称再也不愿见她宣称再也不愿见他了。他了。I declared at the meeting that I did not support him.我在会上声明我不支持他。我在会上声明我不支持他。3)申报申报(纳税品等纳税品等)I have nothing to declare.我没什么要申报的。我没什么要申报的。I would like to declare my love for you.A lot of use on Valen
17、tines Day,dont we?announce:宣布宣布 to tell a lot of people.If I have a birthday party,I want to announce it to my friends.declare n.:宣告宣告,宣布宣布a way of expressing oneself辨析辨析:declare与与announcemore than1).后面跟名词后面跟名词,意为意为“不只是不只是,不仅仅不仅仅是是”。Kate was more than a teacher.She also did what she could to take ca
18、re of her pupils.凯特不仅凯特不仅仅是位教师仅是位教师,她还尽其所能照顾她的她还尽其所能照顾她的学生。学生。Think and compare.Modern science is more than a large amount of information.现代科学不仅仅是大量的信息。现代科学不仅仅是大量的信息。My trip to Beijing is more than sightseeing.我去北京不仅仅是观光。我去北京不仅仅是观光。2)more than与数词连用与数词连用,意思是意思是“多多于于,大于大于,超过超过”。I have known him for mo
19、re than twenty years.我认识他已超过二十年了。我认识他已超过二十年了。More than ten policemen turned up at the spot where the accident happened.十多位警察出现在出事地十多位警察出现在出事地点。点。3)more than与形容词和分词连用与形容词和分词连用,表表示示“非常、十分非常、十分”。They were more than happy to see us come back from the expedition.看到我们远征而归看到我们远征而归,他们异常高兴。他们异常高兴。I am more t
20、han happy to accept your invitation.我很高兴接受你的邀请。我很高兴接受你的邀请。4).more than与动词连用与动词连用,对动词起着加对动词起着加强语气的作用。强语气的作用。Repeated advertising will more than increase product sales.多次做广告意味着增加产品的销售。多次做广告意味着增加产品的销售。5)more than和含有情态动词的句子和含有情态动词的句子连用连用,有否定意义有否定意义,表示表示“是是难难以以”或或“超过了超过了所能所能”之义。之义。The beauty of the villa
21、ge is more than I can describe.我难以描述那个山村的美丽。我难以描述那个山村的美丽。This problem is more than a child can settle.这一问题超出了小孩的解决能力。这一问题超出了小孩的解决能力。6)no more than意思是意思是“仅仅仅仅,不过不过,只只是是”。All his education added up to no more than one year.他接受的所有他接受的所有的学校教育只有一年。的学校教育只有一年。Their new flat has no more than 60 square meter
22、s.他们的新居只有他们的新居只有60平方米。平方米。7).not more than表示表示“至多至多,不超过不超过”Lying on the ground was a schoolboy of not more than seventeen.躺在地上的那躺在地上的那个男学生最多十七岁。个男学生最多十七岁。19.envy嫉妒，羡慕嫉妒，羡慕 How I envy you!you have a happy family!envy sb.sth.嫉妒羡慕某人某事嫉妒羡慕某人某事be green with envy非常妒忌非常妒忌be in envy of ones success羡慕某人的成功羡慕
23、某人的成功out of envy出于妒忌出于妒忌/羡慕羡慕20.leave sb./sth.alone=let sb./sth alone随他去随他去,不干涉不干涉,不管不管,让其独自待着让其独自待着Leave my book alone.别动我的书。别动我的书。Dont think I will leave him alone.别以为我会让他自由自在。别以为我会让他自由自在。let alone 连用译为连用译为“更不用说更不用说”A 1 year-year-old child cant even speak,let alone recite poems.21.You cannot have
24、women falling in love with machines.你不能让妇女爱上机器吧。你不能让妇女爱上机器吧。现在分词作宾语补足语的用法现在分词作宾语补足语的用法:现在分词作宾语补足语表示的是一个现在分词作宾语补足语表示的是一个正在持续或进行的主动动作正在持续或进行的主动动作,即句中即句中的宾语和现在分词之间是主动关系的宾语和现在分词之间是主动关系,分词所表示的动作和谓语动词所表示分词所表示的动作和谓语动词所表示的动作同时发生的动作同时发生,且分词表示的动作处且分词表示的动作处于持续状态。常用的可以用现在分词于持续状态。常用的可以用现在分词作宾语补足语的动词有两类：作宾语补足语的动词
25、有两类：1)表示感觉的动词表示感觉的动词,如如see,hear,watch,find,feel,smell,observe,notice,look at,listen to等。等。2)部分使役动词部分使役动词,如如have,keep,get,catch,leave,set等等 Can you hear her singing the song in the next room?He kept the car waiting at the gate.注意注意:现在分词主动式作宾补表示一现在分词主动式作宾补表示一个正在进行的主动动作个正在进行的主动动作,不定式主动式不定式主动式作宾补表示动作的全过
26、程或即将发生作宾补表示动作的全过程或即将发生的主动动作。的主动动作。I heard him playing the piano in the next room.Now let me hear you play the piano a second time.重点单词拼写重点单词拼写1.Nearly all the students in our class have got full marks in the maths test.Our maths teacher smiled with s_.atisfaction2.I was a_ from the meeting this morn
27、ing because of the terrible sandstorm.bsent3.Dont forget to s_ down the board before you paint it.mooth4.The old lady was a_ by her daughter to go to the hospital to have her eyes examined.ccompanied5.An a_ traffic accident happened yesterday afternoon,which claimed seventeen people,including three
28、children.wful6.Many people d_ better working conditions and more education for their children.esire7.A good dictionary is the e_ of all students.nvy8.The little girl doesnt like making speeches in public;she thinks it e_ her.mbarrasses9.I feel much _(同情同情)for those homeless people on the street.10.O
29、ur hotel offers some _(高雅高雅 的的)rooms equipped with from air conditioners to TVs with free movies.11.I dont understand why the boy painted his _(手指甲手指甲)bright red.sympathyelegantfingernails12.Of course it is not true.What an a_ idea!bsurd13.When he entered the church he found many people kneeling on
30、the _(垫子垫子)to pray.cushions14.The Prime Minister spends most time dealing with a_ of state.15.Our school football team has had three v_ this month against other schools.16.I have always _(羡慕羡慕)your good luck.ffairsictoriesenvied重点词词形变换重点词词形变换1.We had a _ meal together last Sunday.All the guests are
31、very _.(satisfy)satisfyingsatisfied2.Out of _ for the homeless children he gave them shelter for the night.People say he was _.(sympathy)sympathysympathetic3.She has always been _ from work recently.Her boss is very angry with her _ and wants to dismiss her.(absence)absentabsence4.Making speeches in
32、 public always _ the actress.She feels _ when the reporters ask her personal questions.(embarrass)embarrassedembarrasses5.I was sleeping soundly in the morning when a telephone _ me awake.I was even_ to hear the alarming news that another bombing had hit London.(alarm)alarmedalarmed6.The escalator d
33、idnt operate _.What can I do to _ away the problem?(smooth)smoothlysmooth1.我们还不准备投入生产我们还不准备投入生产,因为机器还因为机器还没有完全检验完。没有完全检验完。(test out)We are not ready to go into production yet,because the machines have not been fully tested out.2.请稍等一会请稍等一会,我立刻给经理打电话看看我立刻给经理打电话看看他是否在办公室。他是否在办公室。(ring up)Please wait a
34、 moment;I will ring up the manager immediately to see if he is in the office.3.李平听到身后有响声李平听到身后有响声,便转过身来便转过身来,但什么也没发现。但什么也没发现。(turn around)Li Ping turned around when he heard a noise behind him but found nothing.4.一宣布运动会开幕一宣布运动会开幕,全校师生欢呼雀跃。全校师生欢呼雀跃。(declare)The moment the sports meet was declared ope
35、n,the whole school cheered.5.为什么你只管你自己的事而不管我啊为什么你只管你自己的事而不管我啊?(leave.alone)Why do you just mind your own business and leave me alone?6.等公共汽车的时候等公共汽车的时候,我习惯浏览一下报我习惯浏览一下报纸。纸。(scan)I am used to scanning the newspaper when I am waiting for the bus.7.这些天这些天,装满垃圾的塑料袋在街上逐装满垃圾的塑料袋在街上逐渐堆了起来。渐堆了起来。(pile up)Pl
36、astic bags full of rubbish have been piled up in the street gradually these days.8.为了让别人听见为了让别人听见,海伦不得不大声喊海伦不得不大声喊以使自己的声音超过音乐声。以使自己的声音超过音乐声。(make oneself+宾补宾补)To make herself heard,Helen had to shout so that her sound was above the sound of the music.9.我向他提议我们用另一种方式处理这我向他提议我们用另一种方式处理这个问题。个问题。(sugges
37、t)I suggested to him that we(should)deal with the problem in another way.1.Jack is angry at present and wed better not disturb him.Jack is angry at present and wed better _ him _.leavealone2.Dont be nervous.It will not do harm to anyone at all.Take it easy and it will _ no one at all.harm3.I intende
38、d to call you yesterday but my cell phone was out of order.I intended to _ you _ yesterday,but my cell phone was out of order.ringup4.The local government has taken some steps to prevent the forest from being destroyed.Some steps have been taken to _ the forest _ being destroyed by the local governm
39、ent.protectfrom5.Its the most ridiculous thing I have ever heard in my life.Its the most _ thing I have ever heard in my life.absurd用下列短语的正确形式填空用下列短语的正确形式填空 leave.aloneturn aroundsearch forleave offcarry outfall behindset asideturn outring offfall in love with1)You shouldnt have _ Andy _ in the moun
40、tains;it was very dangerous.leftaloneleave.aloneturn aroundsearch forleave offcarry outfall behindset asideturn outring off fall in love with2)The managers discussed the plan that they would like to see it _ next year.envy3)He said what he had to say,and then,before I could reply,he _.rang offleave.
41、aloneturn aroundsearch forleave offcarry outfall behindset asideturn outring off fall in love with4)Peter _ Scarlet at first sight when they met in a party.fell in love with5)The illness caused him to _ the rest of the class.fall behind6)The tenth of September is specially _ as Teachers Day set asid
42、eleave.aloneturn aroundsearch forleave offcarry outfall behindset asideturn outring off fall in love with7)Its twelve oclock now,time for us to _ work and have lunch.leave off8)I was afraid that things werent going to _ smooth for you.turn outleave.aloneturn aroundsearch forleave offcarry outfall behindset asideturn outring off fall in love with9)The police _ the prisoner escaping from prison last night.were searching for10)As he walked towards the hotel,he suddenly _ and found an old lady following him.turned around
