1、第一页，共22页。to为介词，后接名词、代词或为介词，后接名词、代词或doing形式形式(xngsh)，不可接动词原形，不可接动词原形常见(chn jin)的含介词to的短语有:look forward to,pay attention to,lead to,get used to1.devote to 献身于献身于，致力，致力(zhl)专心于专心于 devote much time to sth./doing sth.devote ones life to The scientist devoted his life to science career.I will devote all m
2、y love to teaching.第二页，共22页。2.die for 为某种事业或目的为某种事业或目的(md)而死而死 die for ones country/the people/the cause.die of 死于内因死于内因 die from 死于外因死于外因 die from a car accident.由于车祸而死由于车祸而死 die by 死于暴力死于暴力,刀或剑等凶器刀或剑等凶器 die by the sword/hanging.第三页，共22页。die of 死于内因，如疾病死于内因，如疾病(jbng)（illness)，饥饿，饥饿(hunger)，寒冷，寒冷(co
3、ld)，年老，年老(old age)，或感情因，或感情因素素(boredom,sorrow,poison)等。等。die from死于外因，如（枪）伤死于外因，如（枪）伤(wound)，意外事，意外事故故(accident)，咬伤，咬伤(snake bite)，虚弱，虚弱(lack of food)，饮食过度，饮食过度(drinking)等。等。第四页，共22页。be dying for 极想得到极想得到.She is dying for a cup of water.die out 绝种绝种(ju zhng)This kind of animal is dying out.第五页，共22页。
4、3.fight(fought fought)v./n.打仗，打仗，打架打架fight+n.与与作战作战(zu zhn),斗争斗争 B.fight for 为为而战而战C.fight against 与与作战作战(zu zhn),和和作斗争作斗争They had to fight the government.They told the workers to fight for their rights.We will have to fight against difficulties.第六页，共22页。4.believe in 信任；信任；信仰；相信信仰；相信的存在的存在believe sb
5、.=believe what sb.says 相信某人的话相信某人的话(dehu)(针对某件具体的事情针对某件具体的事情)believe in sb.=信任某人信任某人,信仰信仰 （针对某人的总体）（针对某人的总体）I believe him（=I believe what he says）我相信我相信(xingxn)他（的话）。他（的话）。I believe in him（=I trust him）我相信我相信(xingxn)他是一个可以信得过的人。（即：我信任他他是一个可以信得过的人。（即：我信任他）第七页，共22页。be free from 摆脱（不好的东西(dngx)）的；无的 fre
6、efrom 使摆脱，免除1)Men are not saints;how can they be free from faults?2)They freed the birds from the cages.第八页，共22页。6.advise vt.1)advise sb.on sth.就就给某人出主意给某人出主意(zh yi)I have advised you on that subject.2)advise sb.to do sth.建议某人干建议某人干 Our monitor advises me to practice spoken English more.3)advise tha
7、t+(should)do I advise that you(should)not eat fruit that isnt ripe.第九页，共22页。advice n.U劝告劝告(qungo)；忠告；建议；意见；忠告；建议；意见 advice on sth.有关有关的建议的建议 follow/take ones advice 遵从遵从的建议的建议 a piece of advice一句忠告一句忠告give sb.some advice on sth.第十页，共22页。7.either.or.(两者之中两者之中)或或(之一之一)Either you or I am wrong.Either d
8、ay is OK.neithernor既不既不也不也不 Neither my parent nor my sister is at home bothand 两者都两者都Both he and I are wrong.第十一页，共22页。8.willing adj 乐意的，自愿的乐意的，自愿的 willingly adv will n 意志意志(yzh),意志意志(yzh)力力,意愿意愿 be willing to do sth 愿意做某事愿意做某事 be willing that sb（should）do sth Im very willing to learn English.He is
9、willing that his little son should join the army.第十二页，共22页。9.in trouble 处于处于(chy)困境困境1)If you dont try to do your homework yourself,you will be in trouble.2)Do you have any trouble(in)writing the article?3)Dont ask for trouble until trouble troubles you.处于处于(chy)困境困境做某事有困难做某事有困难(kn nn)自找麻烦自找麻烦第十三页，共
10、22页。10.vote on 投票表决投票表决 vote for 投票支持投票支持(zhch)vote against 投票反对投票反对 vote to do sth 投票决定做某事投票决定做某事1)Lets vote on it.2)You have right to vote for the plan.3)He has right to vote against it.4)Well vote to decide whether to carry out the plan.第十四页，共22页。11.stop sb.(from)doing sth11.stop sb.(from)doing s
11、th阻止某人阻止某人(m(mu rn)u rn)做某事做某事 =prevent sb(from)doing sth =prevent sb(from)doing sth =keep sb from doing sth =keep sb from doing sth 主动语态中前两者主动语态中前两者fromfrom可省略可省略,被动语态中三词组的被动语态中三词组的fromfrom都不能省都不能省 Nothing can him(from)sleeping in class.Nothing can him(from)sleeping in class.His mother always keeps
12、 him from playing computer games.His mother always keeps him from playing computer games.He is always stopped/prevented/kept from sleeping in class.He is always stopped/prevented/kept from sleeping in class.stop/prevent stop/prevent 第十五页，共22页。12.as as+主语主语(zhy)+can/could 尽可能尽可能,尽量尽量=as as+possibleHe
13、 was running as fast as he could.=He was running as fast as possible.You must speak English as often as you can.=You must speak English _.as often as possible第十六页，共22页。13.lose heart：丧失信心或勇气；泄气：丧失信心或勇气；泄气 Dons lose heart in face of mid-term examinations.break ones heart 使人难过使人难过/心碎心碎learn sth.by hear
14、t 熟记熟记 touch sb.s heart 触动触动(chdng)某人的心弦某人的心弦第十七页，共22页。accept(接受接受)表示主观上乐意接受。表示主观上乐意接受。receive(收到收到,得到得到),表示客观表示客观(kgun)收到收到,还不能断定是否接受。还不能断定是否接受。I received a present from one of my classmates,but I didnt accept it.14.accept 与与 receive的区别的区别(qbi)：第十八页，共22页。15.found(founded,founded)建立建立(jinl)，创建，创建 fi
15、nd(found,found)The hospital was founded in 1920.Have you found your missing pen?第十九页，共22页。16.be in prison：在狱中：在狱中,被监禁被监禁(jinjn)put sb.in prison break(out of)prison 越狱越狱17.turn to：求助于：求助于(to 是介词是介词)He has nobody to turn to.第二十页，共22页。18.out of work：1)=lose ones job=be unemployed失业失业(sh y)；My father has been out of work for months.2)出故障出故障The machine was out of work.in work 有工作有工作Is her husband in work?第二十一页，共22页。19.blow up A balloon expands when it is blown up.The government buildings were blown up.使充气使充气(chn q)，爆炸，爆炸，炸毁，炸毁充气充气(chn q)炸毁炸毁(zh hu)第二十二页，共22页。
