1、Unit 3Back to the past(主题语境:人与社会科学技术),-3-,高频单词,重点短语,难点句型,1.found vt.兴建,创建高考佳句 My goal was to lose 150 pounds in one year and raise $50,000 in support of a movement founded 30 years ago to end hunger.(2017天津卷,完形填空)我的目标是,一年内减掉150磅体重,并筹集5万美元来支持一项创建于30年前的运动,这项运动的宗旨是消除饥饿。(1)found a city/club/company建起城市/
2、创办俱乐部/公司found sth.on把基于,把建立在(2)founder n.奠基人foundation n.地基,基础,基金(会)lay a foundation of打下(的)基础without foundation无事实依据shake/rock the foundations of从根本上动摇,-4-,高频单词,重点短语,难点句型,四维热练(1)To lift a big structure like the Tremont Hotel,Pullman would place thousands of jackscrews beneath the building . (2015湖南
3、卷,阅读理解)为了支撑起像Tremont宾馆这样大的结构,Pullman把数千个螺旋千斤顶放在那栋建筑的地基上。(2)According to the old legend,Romulus was the of Rome.根据古老的传说,Romulus是罗马创始人。(3)Careful planning the nations economic miracle.细致的计划奠定了那个国家经济奇迹的基础。,foundation,founder,laid the foundation of,-5-,高频单词,重点短语,难点句型,2.unfortunate adj.不幸的,遗憾的高考佳句 Unfort
4、unately,it took a horrible accident to change her attitude.(2015福建卷,阅读理解)不幸的是,改变她的态度以一场可怕的事故为代价。(1)unfortunately adv.不幸地(2)fortunate adj.幸运的be (un)fortunate to do sth./in doing sth.在方面运气(不)好It is (un)fortunate that.幸运的(不幸的)是(3)fortunately adv.幸运地 (4)fortune n.机会,运气,财富make a fortune 发财seek/try ones f
5、ortune 碰运气,-6-,高频单词,重点短语,难点句型,四维热练(1)He was unfortunate (lose)in the final round.(2)He was extremely fortunate having such a happy family.(3)He dreamed of making fortune.(4)Central London is (fortunately)in having so many large parks and open spaces.(5)Have you heard about that fire in the market?Ye
6、s,(fortune)no one was hurt.(6)(fortune),rich countries possess most of this knowledge,while developing countries do not.,to lose,in,a,fortunate,fortunately,Unfortunately,-7-,高频单词,重点短语,难点句型,3.decorate vt.装饰,装潢高考佳句 White,shiny,plastic and decorated with flowers,the basket winked at me and I knewI knew
7、 I had to have it.(2016浙江卷,阅读理解)那个白色闪闪发光、用花边包装的塑料篮子对着我眨着眼,我知道我知道我得得到它。(1)decorate.with.用装饰be decorated with 被/用装饰(2)decoration n.装饰;装饰物,-8-,高频单词,重点短语,难点句型,四维热练(1)Bill bought his wife a very valuable birthday present last month,a ring decorated jewels.比尔上个月给妻子买了一份非常值钱的生日礼物一个镶着宝石的戒指。(2)There is no ,on
8、ly flat surfaces.这里没有装饰,只有平整的表面。,with,decoration,-9-,高频单词,重点短语,难点句型,4.destroy vt.破坏,毁坏,摧毁经典例句 Everywhere they looked nearly everything was destroyed.他们看到的每一处地方几乎都被毁了。(1)destroy sb.毁掉某人(的一生)be destroyed by fire被大火烧毁(2)destruction n.破坏,毁坏(3)destroyer n.破坏者,起破坏作用的东西,-10-,高频单词,重点短语,难点句型,易混辨析destroy,dama
9、ge与ruindestroy表示“毁坏”,通常指彻底地毁掉或毁灭,往往暗示无法或很难修复,有时用于比喻手法中。damage表示“损害,损坏”,通常是指部分损坏,往往暗示损坏后价值、效率、功能等会降低,有时用于比喻手法中。ruin是destroy的同义词,强调毁灭的彻底性,并且是一次性的行为。这种毁灭也许没有多大力量,但其严重性却使其不能修复,也可强调长期的损坏过程所导致的结果。,-11-,高频单词,重点短语,难点句型,四维热练(1)In the terrible earthquake,all the houses and buildings were , and great was cause
10、d to Yunnan.The whole area was almost in .在那次大地震中,所有的房屋和建筑物都被摧毁了,而且(这场地震)给云南造成了巨大的损失。整个地区几乎成了一片废墟。(2)Houses in the hurricane have been repaired.在飓风中受损的房子已经得到修缮。(3)His desire for wealth and power led him to his .对财富和权力的欲望导致了他的毁灭。(4)Be yourself,Bob.You cant let yourself such a defeat.鲍勃,做你自己。别因为这样一个打击
11、自己毁了自己。,destroyed,damage,ruins,damaged,destruction,be destroyed by,-12-,高频单词,重点短语,难点句型,5.declare vt.断言,宣称,宣布,宣告,声明经典例句 The boy declared with a proud smile that he sold six dozen the day before.那个男孩脸上挂着得意的微笑,宣称自己前一天卖出去6打报纸。(1)declaration n.断言,宣称,宣布,宣告,声明(2)declare war on向(某国/不好的事)宣战declare for/agains
12、t sth.表态支持/反对某事四维热练(1)Only a month earlier,Mr.Stenholm had declared the tax cut.(2)It was the year when Britain declared war Germany.,for/against,on,-13-,高频单词,重点短语,难点句型,6.aware adj.知道的,察觉到的,意识到的经典例句 New students are now aware that they are likely to leave university up to 15,000 in debt.新生们现在意识到,他们在
13、大学毕业的时候很可能会负债15,000英镑。(1)be/become aware of察觉,意识到make sb.aware of使某人意识到(2)awareness n.意识raise awareness of提高的意识(3)unaware adj.不知道的,没察觉到的,-14-,高频单词,重点短语,难点句型,四维热练(1)I went to a group activity called “Sensitivity Sunday”,which was to make us more of the problems faced by disabled people.我参加了一个叫“周日感官体验
14、”的小组活动,这个活动是为了使我们更加清楚残疾人所面临的问题。(2)We should try to environmental protection.我们应该尽力提高人们的环保意识。,aware,raise peoples awareness of,-15-,高频单词,重点短语,难点句型,7.remains n.遗物,遗迹,遗骸;剩余物经典例句 Thus,class may not be culturally and politically obvious,yet it remains an important part of British society.这样一来,阶级的文化和政治色彩就
15、没有那么明显,然而,它仍然是英国社会的一个重要组成部分。(1)the remains of. 的遗迹;的剩余物(2)remain v.留下;仍然是remain+形容词/名词/介词短语/非谓语动词 保持remain to be done 有待于(3)remaining adj.剩余的,-16-,高频单词,重点短语,难点句型,用法点拨(1)remain做系动词用时,其后可接形容词、名词、介词短语、非谓语动词等做表语。(2)remaining通常做前置定语,而left做“剩下的”讲时,做后置定语。如:the money left/the remaining money剩下的钱。,-17-,高频单词,
16、重点短语,难点句型,四维热练写出下列句中remain的词性及汉语意思(1)I remained three days in that country.(2)After years of hard work,Tom still remained a worker.(3)After the fire,little remained of his house.(4)It remains to be seen whether her colleagues will agree.,vi.(人)留下,逗留link-v.仍是vi.剩下,余留vi.留待以后去看,-18-,高频单词,重点短语,难点句型,写作升级
17、(5)Sports,without which you poor,mean a lot in life.运动在人生中的意义重大,没有运动的人生是匮乏的。(6)It whether the newly formed committees policy can be put into practice.新成立的委员会提出的政策能否实行还有待观察。(7)Depending on the kind of race you plan to enter,you can set up a timetable for before the race.(2015全国卷,阅读理解)根据你计划参加比赛的种类,你可以
18、为比赛前接下来的几个星期制订时刻表。,remain,remains to be seen,the remaining weeks,-19-,高频单词,重点短语,难点句型,8.expression n.词语;表达;表情;表示经典例句 However,some of the texts have too many new words and expressions which are hard for us.但是一些课文里生词和短语太多,这对我们来说有点难。(1)beyond expression无法形容without expression毫无表情give expression to表达;表现;把表达出来(2)express oneself 表达自己的意思用法点拨 (1)express当“表达,表示”等,习惯上不接双宾语,可用express sth.to sb.;(2)express后一般不接that从句,可接疑问词引导的从句。,-20-,高频单词,重点短语,难点句型,四维热练(1)He looked at me expression.(2)He can express (him)freely in English.(3)To be acknowle
