1、 1 2020 高考（全国通用）名校猜想押题密卷 英 语 （考试时间：100 分钟 试卷满分：120 分） 注意事项： 1. 答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡上。 2. 回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡 皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上，写在本试卷上无效。 3. 考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。 第一部分第一部分 阅读理解（共两节，满分阅读理解（共两节，满分 40 分）分） 第一节第一节 （共（共 15 小题小题；每小题每小题 2 分，满分分，满分 30 分）分） 阅读下列短文，从每
2、题所给的 A、B、C 和 D 四个选项中，选出最佳选项。 A First Aid Level 1 The course is suitable for anyone who wants to learn CPR, short for cardiopulmonary resuscitation (心肺复苏 法). It also covers management of bleeding and shock. This course includes assessment and leads to a New Zealand Qualifications Authority (NZQA) uni
3、t standard. The most attractive point is that a well-known doctor will teach this course. Price: $ 100 Duration: 1 day First Aid Level 2 It includes all of the course content from First Aid Level 1, plus an additional half day. Suitable for first aiders, health and safety staff and anyone who needs
4、first-aid knowledge for their professional qualification. A very experienced doctor will teach this course. Price: $ 150 Duration: 1.5 days Resuscitation Level 3 This training course is for those who require Level 3 resuscitation skills, especially people who have a duty to respond and are probably
5、concerned with the start of resusciation. Price: $ 160 Duration: 4 hours Resuscitation Level 4 This is an important health professional resuscitation training course. It can be used as a Level 4 refresher course. This course is the most suitable for nurses, nurse managers, District Health Board (DHB
6、) resuscitation officers. Price: $ 200 Duration: 4 hours Take a look at the series of first aid courses, so that you can choose the medical learning experience that best matches your needs. 1. How is First Aid Level 1 different from the other courses? A. Its the most expensive. B. Itll last the long
7、est time. C. Itll be taught by a famous doctor. D. Its meant for health and safety officers. 2. How much should an applicant pay per hour for Resuscitation Level 3? A. $ 40. B. $ 50. C. $ 100. D. $ 160. 3. What is the main purpose of the text? A. To show doctors responsibilities. B. To advertise the
8、 first aid courses. C. To advise medical professionals to assess their living standards. D. To inform medical staff of the medical levels of the four hospitals. 文章大意：本文是应用文。文章主要介绍了几门急救的相关课程。 1.C 细节理解题。根据 First Aid level 1 介绍中的最后一句 The most attractive point is that a well-known doctor will teach this
9、 course.“最吸引人的是这门课将由一位著名的医生来教授。”可知，此课程的特殊之处在于它将 由一位著名的医生执教。故选 C。 2.A 细节理解题。根据 Resuscitation Level 3 中的介绍可知，此课程价格是 160 美元，持续时间是 4 小时， 故每小题需支付 40 美元。故选 A。 3.B 推理判断题。根据最后一段 Take a look at the series of first aid courses, so that you can choose the medical learning experience that best matches your need
10、s.“看看这一系列的急救课程，这样你就可以选择最符合你需要 的医学学习经验。”可知，本文主要号召人们报名参加这些急救课程。故选 B。 B Our wedding was about to begin. My throat was tight and my cheeks got red, but I didnt care. I was ready to marry David Sanchez. Were a “nontraditional“ couple: getting married not at a church but in a bookstore that 3 supports a c
11、harity to fight H.I.V. and homelessness. “Kim! I could walk you down the aisle（走廊）if you like!” Davids father offered gently. “Im OK. But I appreciate that,” I said with a smile. And I was reminded, again, of my dads absence. My father died of cancer six weeks ago. For the last two months, we tried
12、to make him feel comfortable and loved as he departed from this world. He always told us that he didnt like a funeral （葬礼）and insisted our wedding go forward as planned. But how could we honor him since the wedding would be the first time the family would gather after his death and some even didnt k
13、now he was sick? During the ceremony, my dear friend Eva delivered a reading entitled “When Things Go Missing” by Kathryn Schulz. She paused and got everyone on the same page: “When we are experiencing it, loss often feels like confusion in the usual order of things. In fact, the entire plan of the
14、universe consists of losing, and life amounts to a reverse（逆向的）savings account in which we are eventually robbed of everything. I felt the energy full of the room. Everyone was listening. By choosing to accept the pain, we knew what a wedding does to join two families and mark the next chapter for a
15、 couple. Loss became a compass that pointed us away from a fantasy and toward celebrating the difficult realities of life. After rings were exchanged, fried chicken was served, our friends offered so many funny and touching toasts, and finally David sang “Married” on my fathers guitar. I felt joy fi
16、lling all the holes in my soul. Celebrating my fathers life at our wedding made me grateful for all the time I had spent with him, because it all goes by so fast. 4. Why did Davids father offer to walk the author down the aisle? A. To relieve her tension. B. To welcome her to his family. C. To play
17、the authors late fathers role. D. To contribute something to the charity. 5. What do we know about Kim at her wedding? A. She got a compass as a wedding gift. B. She enjoyed Davids promise for their marriage. C. She received more sympathy from families and friends. D. She recalled the days spent wit
18、h her father and understood life better. 6. Why did Kim feel energy full of the room? A. Because she could keep from the pain. B. Because she knew everyone was listening. C. Because she got more courage for marriage and life. D. Because she could read a piece of Kathryn Schulzs works. 7. What do we
19、know about Kim and David s wedding ceremony? A. It was held at a church. B. It was a touching and happy one. C. Kim and David turned it into a funeral. D. There was no other activity except reading. 文章大意：这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了在 Kim 和 David 的婚礼仪式上所经历的事情。Kim 在婚礼上 她回忆起和已故父亲一起度过的日子， 对生活有了更深刻的理解。 他们的婚礼是一个感人而又快乐的故
20、事。 4.C 细节理解题。根据第二段“Kim! I could walk you down the aisle （走廊）if you like!” Davids father offered gently. “Kim!如果你愿意， 我可以陪你走下红毯!”大卫的父亲温和地说。 和第三段“Im OK. But I appreciate that” I said with a smile. And I was reminded, again, of my dads absence. “我很好。但我很感激。”我笑着说。我又一 次想起了我父亲的缺席。由此可知，大卫的父亲奥菲尔要带着作者走向婚姻的殿堂是为
21、了扮演作者已故父 亲的角色。故选 C。 5.D 细节理解题。根据第四段中 My father died of cancer six weeks ago. For the last two months, we tried to make him feel comfortable and loved as he departed from this world. He always told us that he didnt like a funeral （葬礼）and insisted our wedding go forward as planned.“我父亲六周前死于癌症。在过去的两个月里
22、，当他离 开这个世界时，我们试着让他感到舒适和被爱。他总是告诉我们他不喜欢葬礼，并坚持我们的婚礼按原计 划进行。”由此可知，Kim 在婚礼上她回忆起和父亲一起度过的日子，对生活有了更深刻的理解。故选 D。 6.C 推理判断题。根据倒数第二段 I felt the energy full of the room. Everyone was listening. By choosing to accept the pain, we knew what a wedding does to join two families and mark the next chapter for a couple
23、. Loss became a compass that pointed us away from a fantasy and toward celebrating the difficult realities of life.“我感到 房间里充满了活力。每个人都在听。通过选择接受痛苦，我们知道婚礼能让两个家庭走到一起，为一对新 人开启新的篇章。失去成为一个指南针，指引我们远离幻想，走向庆祝生活的艰难现实。”由此可知，Kim 觉得房间里充满了活力是因为她对婚姻和生活有了更多的勇气。故选 C。 7.B 推理判断题。根据最后一段 After rings were exchanged, fried
24、 chicken was served, our friends offered so many funny and touching toasts, and finally David sang “Married” on my fathers guitar. I felt joy filling all the holes in my soul. Celebrating my fathers life at our wedding made me grateful for all the time I had spent with him, because it all goes by so
25、 fast.“戒指交换后，炸鸡端上来了，朋友们献上了那么多温暖感人的祝酒辞，最后大 卫用我父亲的吉他唱起了嫁人 。我感到喜悦填满了我灵魂的所有空洞。在我们的婚礼上庆祝我父亲的一 生让我很感激和他在一起的所有时间，因为一切都过得太快了。”由此可知，Kim 和 David 的婚礼是一个感 人而又快乐的故事。故选 B。 5 C They asked Katherine Johnson for the moon, and she gave it to them. With little more than a pencil, a slide rule and one of the finest mat
26、hematical minds in the country, Mrs. Johnson, who died at 101 on Monday, calculated the precise trajectories (轨道)that would let Apollo 11 land on the moon in 1969 and, after Neil Armstrongs historymaking moonwalk, let it return to Earth. Yet throughout Mrs. Johnsons 33 years in NASA and for decades
27、afterward, almost no one knew her name. Mrs. Johnson was one of several hundred strictly educated, supremely capable yet largely unrecognized women who, well before the modem feminist movement, worked as NASA mathematicians. But it was not only her sex that kept her long unsung. For some years at mi
28、dcentury, the black women were subjected to a double segregation (隔离)：They were kept separate from the much large group of white women who in turn were segregated from the agencys male mathematicians and engineers. Mrs. Johnson broke barriers at NASA. In old age, Mrs. Johnson became the most celebra
29、ted of black women who served as mathematicians for the space agency. Their story was told in the 2016 Hollywood film “Hidden Figures,“ which was nominated for three Oscars, including best picture. In 2017, NASA dedicated a building in her honor. That year, The Washington Post described her as “the
30、most high - profile of the computers” “computers ” being the term originally used to describe Mrs. Johnson and her colleagues, much as “typewriters” were used in the 19th century to represent professional typists. She “helped our nation enlarge the frontiers of space,” NASAs administrator, Jim Bride
31、nstine, said in a statement on Monday, “even as she made huge steps that also opened doors for women and people of color in the universal human quest to explore space.” As Mrs. Johnson herself was fond of saying, her tenure (任期) at Langley from 1953 until her retirement in 1986 was “a time when comp
32、uters wore skirts.” 8. What is the function of the first paragraph? A. To present the Apollo moon mission. B. To stress Mrs. Johnsons contributions C. To honour Neil Armstrongs moonwalk. D. To mourn a great womanMrs. Johnson. 9. What does the underlined word “barriers” in Paragraph 4 refer to ? A. G
33、ender inequality and color line. B. Mrs. Johnsons unrecognized talents. C. The agencys male mathematicians and engineers. D. The hardships before the modem feminist movement. 10. Why were Mrs. Johnson and her colleagues described as “computers“? A. Because they used computers to keep their work secr
34、et. B. Because they were the agencys human calculators C. Because computer systems engaged them deeply. D. Because they opened a door to outer space. 11. What can we learn from Mrs. Johnsons experience? A. Try things that may not work. B. The world awaits our discovery. C. Use knowledge to wipe out
35、ignorance D. Never be limited by the labels attached by others. 文章大意：这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了美国登月的幕后功臣：传奇女数学家的 101 岁的传奇人 生。 8.B 推理判断题。根据文章第一段内容“They asked Katherine Johnson for the moon, and she gave it to them. Wielding little more than a pencil, a slide rule and one of the finest mathematical minds in the
36、country, Mrs. Johnson, who died at 101 on Monday, calculated the precise trajectories that would let Apollo 11 land on the moon in 1969 and, after Neil Armstrongs historymaking moonwalk, let it return to Earth.( 他们向凯瑟琳 约翰逊要月 亮，她给了他们。约翰逊夫人,周一去世，享年 101 岁。凭借着不过一支铅笔，一把计算尺和最为杰出的数 学头脑，约翰逊计算出了 1969 年助力阿波罗
37、11 号登陆月球的精确轨迹，并让尼尔.阿姆斯特朗在历史性的 月球漫步后成功返回地球。)”由此判断出，第一段的主要目的为强调约翰逊夫人对于阿波罗 11 号登陆月球 的贡献。故选 B 项。 9.A 词义猜测题。分析可知，划线单词所在句应是本段首句，应起到承前启后的作用。结合后文“In old age, Mrs. Johnson became the most celebrated of black women who served as mathematicians for the space agency. Their story was told in the 2016 Hollywood f
38、ilm “Hidden Figures,“ which was nominated for three Oscars, including best picture.( 约翰逊夫人晚年成为美国航天局最著名的黑人女数学家。2016 年的好莱坞电影隐 藏人物讲述了他们的故事，这部电影获得了包括最佳影片奖在内的三项奥斯卡提名。)”讲述了她后来的地 位和影响，可知，句中的“barriers”应是指前文提及的“For some years at midcentury, the black women were subjected to a double segregation：They were kep
39、t separate from the much large group of white women who in turn were segregated from the agencys male mathematicians and engineers.” 在上世纪中叶的一些年里，黑人女性受 到双重隔离：她们被隔离于数量庞大的白人女性群体之外，而白人女性又被隔离于该机构的男性数学家和 工程师之外。所以划线的词意思为“性别不平等和肤色界线。”故选 A 项。 7 10.B 细节理解题。根据文章第六段内容“That year, The Washington Post described he
40、r as “the most high - profile of the computers” “computers” being the term originally used to describe Mrs. Johnson and her colleagues, much as “typewriters” were used in the 19th century to represent professional typists.( 那一年， 华盛 顿邮报称她为“计算机界最引人注目的人物”“计算机”一词最初用来形容约翰逊夫人和她的同事，就像 19 世纪用来代表职业打字员的“打字机”一
41、样。) ”且前文提及“In old age, Mrs. Johnson became the most celebrated of black women who served as mathematicians for the space agency.( 约翰逊夫人晚年成为美国航天 局最著名的黑人女数学家。)”可知，称她们为计算机，是因为她们是数学家，拥有数学头脑，计算出了人类 迈向月球的距离。故选 B 项。 11.D 推理判断题。根据文章倒数第二段内容：She “helped our nation enlarge the frontiers of space,” NASAs admini
42、strator, Jim Bridenstine, said in a statement on Monday, “even as she made huge steps that also opened doors for women and people of color in the universal human quest to explore space.”(美国宇航局局长吉姆布里登斯汀 (Jim Bridenstine)在周一的一份声明中说，她“帮助我们的国家扩大了太空领域的前沿”，“她迈出了巨大的一 步，也为女性和不同肤色的人种探索太空打开了大门。”)由此判断出，可以从她身上学
43、到不要受到别人的束 缚，走出自己的道路。选项 D. Never be limited by the labels attached by others.(永远不要被别人贴上的标签所 限制。)符合推测，故选 D 项。 D Although it has been indicated in recent years that plants are capable of seeing, hearing and smelling, they are still usually thought of as silent. But now, for the first time, Itzhak Khait
44、 and his colleagues at Tel Aviv University in Israel found that tomato and tobacco plants made ultrasonic(超声的)sounds at frequencies humans cant hear when stressed by a lack of water or when their stem is cut. Microphones placed 10 centimeters from the plants picked up sounds in the ultrasonic range
45、of 20 to 100 kilohertz. Human hearing usually ranges from 20 hertz to 20 kilohertz. “ These findings can alter the way we think about the plant kingdom , “ they wrote in their study, which has not yet been published. On average, drought - stressed tomato plants made 35 sounds an hour, while tobacco
46、plants made 11. When plant stems were cut, tomato plants made an average of 25 sounds in the following hour, and tobacco plants 15. Unstressed plants produced fewer than one sound per hour. It is even possible to distinguish between the sounds to know what the stress is. The researchers trained a ma
47、chine learning model to separate the plants，sounds from those of the wind, rain and other noises of the greenhouse, correctly identifying in most cases whether the stress was caused by dryness or a cut, based on the sounds intensity and frequency. Water hungry tobacco appeared to make louder sounds
48、than cut tobacco, for example. Although Khait and his colleagues only looked at tomato and tobacco plants, they believe other plants may make sounds when stressed. Enabling farmers to listen for water stressed plants could “ open a new direction in the field of precision(精 准) agriculture“, the resea
49、rchers suggest. They add that such an ability will be increasingly important as climate change exposes more areas to drought. Khaits study also suggests that insects and some mammals can hear and respond to from as far as 5 metres away. A moth may decide against laying eggs on a plant that sounds water - stressed. Edward Farmer at the University of Lausanne, Switzerland thinks the idea that moths might be listening to plants is “a little too speculative”. After all, there are already plenty of explanations for why insects
