1、永城市第六初级中学永城市第六初级中学王王 杨杨基本形式及特点用法用法注意事项动词不定式（1）基本形式：to+动词原形（在某些情况下可以不带to）（2）特点：A.没有人称和数的变化C.有时态和语态的变化（被动语态的形式为to be +动词过去分词）B.可以有自己的宾语和状语(3)用法：A、作主语To learn a foreign languageis not easy.=Its not easy to learn a foreign language.注意：不定式短语作主语如果太长，常用IT作形式主语，将不定式后置。除动词be外，动词take,cost也常用于上述结构。B、作表语The imp
2、ortant thing is to finish the workon time.动词不定式作宾语C动词+to do动词+疑问词+to do动词+it(形式宾语）+宾补+to do常见动词有agree,decide,fail,hope,wish,want,plan等I dont know what to do.I find itimportant to learn English.动词不定式D作宾补动词+宾语+to do动词+宾语+doLi Mei asked me to show her the new dictionary.注：有以上结构的常用动词有tell.wish,ask,want,
3、like,beg,invite,warn,allow,encourage,advise等。(不带to 的不定式)注：常用的动词是：感官动词see,hear,feel,watch,notice；使役动词have,make,let.动词不定式E、作状语可以表目的、表结果、表原因F、作定语（必须后置）动词不定式在学习动词不定式的时候还有两点要注意哦！1、在感官动词和使役动词后作宾补时，不定式要省略to,但以上词变为被动语态时，要加上toI always saw herplay violin.He was madeto work 12hours a day.2、动词不定式的否定形式为：not+to d
4、oMr.Smith asked the boy _(not play)this kind of game.not to playPlease have him _(not do)so much housework.not do基本形式及特征基本形式及特征用法用法注意注意基本形式特点动词原形+ing1、具有名词、动词的一些特征。2、有时态和语态的变化用法用法1、作主语Picking apples is much better than having classes.2、作宾语（1）只能接动名词做宾语的动词有miss,finish,mind,keep,practice,enjoy,等。（2）既可接
5、动词不定式又可接动名词作宾语的动词有两类：意义区分不大：begin,start,like,love,hate,prefer等。意义不同：remember,forget,stop,go on,try等3、作表语His favorite sport is playing basketball.4、作定语shopping basketball finishing line1、动名词的 复合结构为：名词所有格形容词性物主代词+动名词Do you mind _the window?a.me to open b.I openc.my opening d.me openingc2、动名词的习惯用语：a.It
6、s no use doing sth.b.cant help doing sth.c.feel like doing sth.d.be busy doing sth.e.No doing基本形式：动词原形+ing基本形式：规则动词加ed 或不规则动词的过去分词developing countrydeveloped country现在分词与过去分词的区别：1.语态上：现在分词表主动意义过去分词表被动意义2.时间上：现在分词表正在进行的动作过去分词表已完成的动作1.I saw many birds flying in the sky 2.Most of the people invited to
7、the party were very famous.I didn t spend al the money _(buy)the books.2.Do you have anything _(say)at the meeting?3.Yesterday I saw a wallet _(lie)on the ground.4.The man ran out _(see)what was wrong.5.She was often heard _(sing)in English.6.Stop _(read),please.Ive something to tell you.7.The boy _
8、(call)Li Hua in the room is his brother.buyingto saylyingto seeto singreadingcalled16.Would you mind _ your radio a little?A.turn off B.turning off C.to turn down D.turning down17.Dont you remember _?A.seeing the man beforeB.saw the man beforeC.to see the man beforeD.to have seen the man before18.People couldnt help _ the foolish emperor in the procession.A.laugh at B.to laugh at C.laughing at D.laughing on19.Do you remember _ me at a party last year?A.meet B.to meet C.meeting D.met20.Go on _ the other exercise after you have finished this one.A.to do B.doing C.with D.to be doing
