1、必修必修5Unit 1Great scientists主题:人与社会子话题:对社会有突出贡献的人物对应教材:必修1 Unit 5 Nelson Mandelaa modern hero;必修4 Unit 1 Women of achievement;必修4 Unit 2 Working the land;必修5 Unit 1 Great scientists基础自查夯实必备知识Part1重点单词巧记.核心单词1._vt.打败;战胜;使受挫 n.失败2._vt.照顾;护理;出席;参加3._ vt.&n.治愈;痊愈;治疗4._n.挑战 vt.向挑战5._ vt.吸收;吸引;使专心6._vt.认为;
2、怀疑 n.被怀疑者;嫌疑犯defeatattendcurechallengeabsorbsuspect7._vt.责备;谴责 n.过失;责备8._vt.&n.连接;联系9._n.柄;把手 vt.处理;操纵10._vt.暴露;揭露;使曝光blamelinkhandleexpose.拓展单词1.conclude vt.&vi.结束;推断出_n.结论;结束2.analyse vt.分析_n.分析 3.severe adj.严重的;剧烈的;严厉的_adv.严重地;严厉地4.pollute vt.污染;弄脏_n.污染_adj.污染的,被弄脏的 5.announce vt.宣布;通告_n.通知;宣告 co
3、nclusionanalysisseverelypollutionpollutedannouncement6.instruct vt.指示;教导;命令_n.教员;传授者_n.用法说明;操作指南_adj.有教育意义的7.construct vt.建设;修建_n.建设;建筑物8.contribute vt.&vi.捐献;贡献;捐助_n.捐献;贡献;捐助9.reject vt.拒绝;不接受;抛弃_n.拒绝;抛弃10.caution n.小心,谨慎_adj.小心的,谨慎的instructorinstructioninstructiveconstructioncontributionrejectionc
4、autiousPart2核心短语闪记1._ 提出 2._使显露;暴露3._讲得通;有意义 4._应受谴责,应负责任 5._治愈某人的(疾病)6._得出结论 put forwardexpose.to.make sensebe to blamecure.of.draw a conclusion7._将和联系或连接起来8._除之外;此外 9._对严格的 10._有助于;促成 link.to.apart frombe strict withcontribute toPart3经典句式速记1.句型公式:neither.nor.既不也不_(它的原因和治疗方法都不)was understood.2.句型公式
5、:every time 引导时间状语从句“每次”So many thousands of terrified people died _(每次爆发时).3.句型公式:have sth.done 让完成某事A woman,who had moved away from Broad Street,liked the water from the pump so much that she _(让人把它运到她家)every day.Neither its cause nor its cureevery time there was an outbreakhad it delivered to her
6、 house4.句型公式:“only+状语(从句)”位于句首时后面的主句需用部分倒装_(只有当你把太阳放在那里)did the movements of the other planets in the sky make sense.Only if you put the sun there【联想拓展多积累】1.“熟练”归纳expert adj.熟练的;内行的skillful adj.熟练的;灵巧的skilledadj.熟练的;有技能的experienced adj.熟练的;有经验的2.“把和连接起来”荟萃link.to.将和联系或连接起来connect.with.把和连接起来associat
7、e.with.把和联系起来combine.with.把和结合起来Step 1 诵读经典渗透文化意识.细品味经典文章Thomas EdisonMy Favorite ScientistBorn in America,Thomas Edison was a great scientist and inventor.He was once thought to be a boy who was not worth educating.But as a matter of fact,he was a man full of imagination.I admire Edison a lot becau
8、se of his great contribution to the world.He had more than 1,000 inventions.In his life time,he was always eager to know how things worked,which helped him to earn the nickname“the Wizard of Melo Park”.Besides,so diligent was he that he worked day and night.And this explained why he had so many grea
9、t inventions.What impresses me most is his famous saying,“Genius is one percent inspiration and ninety-nine percent perspiration”.Probably I cannot be an Edison myself,but I can be a hard-working learner.From him,I realize the secret to success is not when or where you were born,but what you are doi
10、ng and how you do it in your life.按要求完成任务1.写出以下文中亮点词语的汉语意思be thought to be_be worth doing_be always eager to do_earn the nickname_被认为是被认为是值得被做值得被做总渴望做总渴望做赢得绰号赢得绰号2.写出文中的优美句式(1)_.他非常勤奋,常常夜以继日地工作。(2)_ 让我印象最深刻的是他的名言:“天才是百分之一的灵感和百分之九十九的努力。”So diligent was he that he worked day and nightWhat impresses me
11、 most is his famous saying,“Genius is one percentinspiration and ninety-nine percent perspiration”.Step 2 固本强基锻造语言能力.重点词汇1.attend vt.出席;参加;照顾;护理 vi.专心;留意【教材原句】John Snow was a famous doctor in London so expert,indeed,that he attended Queen Victoria as her personal physician.(P2)约翰斯诺是伦敦一位著名的医生他的确医术精湛,
12、因而成了维多利亚女王的私人大夫。【词块必记】(1)attend a meeting/a lecture/a wedding/school/church参加会议/听演讲/参加婚礼/上学/做礼拜(2)attend on/upon sb.伺候某人;照顾某人attend to处理;倾听;专心于;照顾(3)unattended不被照料的,无人看管的【语境速测】单句语法填空If you dont attend _work,youll not succeed.She was praised for _(attend)on/upon her sick mother-in-law for over thirty
13、 years.For many,finding an _(attend)wallet filled with 400 in cash would be a source of temptation.tohaving attendedunattended【写作金句】Due to the fact that their parents go out working,children in poverty-stricken areas are often left unattended to.因为父母外出工作,在贫困地区的孩子们常常无人照顾。2.absorb vt.吸收;吸引;吞并;使专心【教材原句
14、】The second suggested that people absorbed this disease into their bodies with their meals.(P2)第二种看法是人们是在吃饭时把这种病毒引入体内的。【词块必记】(1)absorb.into.把吸收进(2)absorb sb.s attention 吸引某人注意(3)absorb oneself in.全神贯注于be/get absorbed in全神贯注于【巧学助记】【语境速测】单句语法填空Water and salt are absorbed _our blood stream.They are abs
15、orbing _(them)in the experiment in the lab.句型转换He was absorbed in writing a letter and didnt even look up when I came in._,he didnt even look up when I came in.intothemselvesAbsorbed in writing a letter【写作金句】Getting absorbed in playing computer games can do harm to students both physically and menta
16、lly.沉迷于电脑游戏会对学生的身心造成危害。3.expose vt.暴露;揭露;使曝光;使面临【教材原句】But he became inspired when he thought about helping ordinary people exposed to cholera.(P2)但当他一想到要帮助(那些)受到霍乱威胁的普通百姓,他就感到很振奋。【词块必记】(1)expose.to使暴露于/面临/遭受(2)be exposed to暴露于;处于危险中(3)expose sb.to sth.使某人接触到某物【熟词生义】Many families expose children to t
17、he classics as early as possible.许多家庭尽早地使孩子体验经典著作。(v.使体验)【误区释疑】expose.to以及be exposed to中的to为介词,后若跟动词,需要用doing形式。【语境速测】单句语法填空It is generally believed that _(expose)to radiation is rather dangerous.Some people think we shouldnt expose the children to _(play)computer games.完成句子长时间暴露在太阳光下,他的皮肤受到损伤。_the
18、sunlight for too long,his skin suffered damage.being exposedplayingBeing exposed to/Exposing himself to【文化金句】When children are exposed to difficult situations,they are better at handling challenging situations.当孩子们面临困难情况时,他们更善于处理具有挑战性的情况。4.contribute vt.&vi.捐献;贡献;促成;导致;投稿【典型例句】Our appetite for new p
19、roducts also contributes to the problem.我们对新产品的渴望也导致了这一问题。【词块必记】(1)contribute.to.把贡献给;投稿contribute to有助于;导致;投稿(2)contribution n.捐献;贡献make a contribution/contributions to 对做出贡献【巧学助记】【语境速测】单句语法填空He made an outstanding _(contribute)to science.Many warm-hearted people contributed some money _the sick gi
20、rl.Im convinced that your suggestion will contribute to _(solve)the problem.【写作金句】The girl contributing to the magazine frequently has made a great contribution to our class.In addition,she also has contributed much money to the poor students.经常往杂志社投稿的那个女孩对我们班做出了很大的贡献。此外,她还为贫困生捐了许多钱。contributiontoso
21、lving5.conclude vt.&vi.结束;推断出;断定;达成【典型例句】He concluded from their remarks that they were not in favour of the plan.他从他们的话语中推断出他们不赞同此项计划。【词块必记】(1)conclude.from.从中推断出conclude(from sth.)that.(从某事中)推断出(2)conclude sth.with./by doing.以结束(3)draw/reach/come to/arrive at a conclusion得出结论in conclusion最后;总之;总而言
22、之【语境速测】单句语法填空She concluded her performance _a poem,which impressed all the audience._conclusion,he suspected that his wife was lying to him.From these facts we can draw some _(conclude)about how the pyramids were built.It was _(conclude)that he was qualified for this job.withInconclusionsconcluded【写
23、作金句】We will have a further discussion before we draw a final conclusion.我们将作进一步的讨论,然后再得出最终结论。.核心短语6.make sense讲得通;有意义;是明智的【典型例句】It doesnt make sense to argue with him.跟他争吵没有意义。【词块必记】(1)make sense of弄懂的意思;理解make no sense没道理;没意义(2)in a sense在某种意义上;在某种程度上in no sense决不(3)Theres no/little sense(in)doing
24、sth.做某事是不明智的。【语境速测】单句语法填空I cant make sense _this poem,but perhaps I will if I read it again.句型转换It doesnt make sense to buy that expensive coat when these cheaper ones are just as good._that expensive coat when these cheaper ones are just as good.ofThere is no sense(in)buying.经典句式7.Only if you put t
25、he sun there did the movements of the other planets in the sky make sense.只有当你把太阳放在那里,天空中其他行星的运动才能说得清楚。【典型例句】Only if you are modest can you make progress.唯有虚心才能进步。【句型公式】(1)句中only if引导条件状语从句,意为:只有当;只是在时候。置于句首时,主句用部分倒装。(2)only修饰副词、介词短语或状语从句置于句首时,主句要用部分倒装,即把句子谓语中的助动词、情态动词或系动词be放在主语之前。(3)if only“要是,但愿”,
26、后使用虚拟语气。用一般过去时表示与现在事实相反的情况;用过去完成时表示与过去事实相反的情况;用would/could do表示与将来事实相反的情况。【语境速测】完成句子_the problem.只有这样,你才能算出这道题来。_to continue his studies at college.他只有找到工作才能有足够的钱继续大学的学业。Its too bad that I failed in the math exam._!我数学考试不及格真是太糟糕了。要是我之前努力学习就好了!Only in this way can you work outOnly if he gets a job ca
27、n he have enough moneyIf only I had worked hard at it【写作金句】Only when Lily walked into the office did she realize that she had left the contract at home.只有当莉莉走进办公室的时候,她才意识到她把合同忘家里了。【备选要点】1.cure n.治愈;痊愈;疗法vt.治愈;治疗;改掉(坏习惯)【典型例句】There is no effective cure for colds except rest.除了休息没有有效的方法可以治疗感冒。【词块必记】(1
28、)cure sb.of.治愈某人的病;改掉某人的坏习惯(2)a cure for a disease医治某种病的药/疗法【知识拓展】“动词+sb.+of+sth.”结构:remind sb.of sth.提醒某人某事warn sb.of sth.警告某人某事rob sb.of sth.抢劫某人某物inform sb.of sth.通知某人某事【语境速测】语段填词TB is a serious illness and in the past there was still no cure _it.People think that it couldnt _(cure).With the deve
29、lopment of medicine,now physicians can cure people _it.完成句子科学家想出了一种治疗糖尿病病人的有效方法。Scientists have come up with an effective method _.forbe curedofto cure people of diabetes【写作金句】The doctor who cured him of his illness was very experienced.治好他病的那位医生非常有经验。2.blame v.谴责;责备;把归咎于 n.过失;责备【教材原句】It seemed that
30、 the water was to blame.(P2)看来水是罪魁祸首。【词块必记】(1)blame sb.for.因而指责某人blame sth.on sb.把某事归咎于某人be to blame(for sth.)该受责备(2)take the blame for.对负责put/lay the blame for sth.on sb.把某事归咎于某人【误区释疑】be to blame为主动形式表示被动意义,因此不能再用被动语态。【语境速测】单句语法填空You shouldnt blame John _the failure.Many children are afraid of _(bl
31、ame)for failing the exam.Police are blaming the accident _dangerous driving.In other words,the driver is _(blame).forbeing blamedonto blame【写作金句】Lots of people find it hard to get up in the morning,and put the blame on the alarm clock.很多人发现早起困难,并把责任归咎到闹钟上。3.put forward 提出(建议等);推荐;将提前;将(钟表等)向前拨【教材原句】
32、Who put forward a theory about black holes?(P1)谁提出了关于黑洞的理论?【词块必记】put aside把放到一边;储存put off推迟;延期put up with忍受;容忍put away把收拾好;整理;储蓄put up搭建;张贴;为提供住宿put down放下;写下;镇压【语境速测】写出下列句子中黑体部分的含义The suggestion put forward by the teacher is available.()As she is qualified for this post,Ill put her forward as a can
33、didate.()Remember to put your clocks forward tonight.()Weve put the date of our graduation ceremony forward by one week.()提出提出推荐推荐拨快拨快提前提前【写作金句】The expert put aside his work and began to study the plan put forward by that young man.这位专家把自己的工作放在一边,开始研究那个年轻人提出的计划。4.Neither its cause nor its cure was u
34、nderstood.人们既不知道它的起因,也不了解它的治疗方法。【典型例句】Neither do I want to know it;nor do I care about it.我既不想知道这件事,也不关心这件事。【词块必记】(1)neither.nor.既不也不,在句中连接两个相同的成分。当连接两个名词/代词作主语时,谓语动词遵循“就近一致”原则。(2)有类似用法的还有:either.or.或者或者,not.but.不是而是,not only.but also.不但而且等。【误区释疑】在neither.nor.句型中,neither置于句首时要用部分倒装。【语境速测】完成句子It is _
35、in winter here.这里冬天既不太热也不太冷。_to be invited to speak in the hall.要么是他要么是我将会被邀请去大厅演讲。_online voting aimlessly _it completely.我们既不应该盲目支持网络投票,也不应该完全否决它。neither too hot nor too coldEither he or I amNeither should we embracenor can we deny【写作金句】Not you but the expert is to attend the ceremony to be held i
36、n our school.不是你而是那位专家将要出席在我们学校举行的典礼。5.So many thousands of terrified people died every time there was an outbreak.每次爆发(霍乱)时,都有成千上万惊恐的人病死。【典型例句】Something is learned every time a book is opened.谚语开卷有益。【句型公式】时间状语从句【语境速测】完成句子Call me _.你一拿到结果就给我打电话。_,David comes to help us in time.每当我们处于困境时,戴维都会及时来帮我们。_
37、,I felt very excited.我第一次听到他提出的计划时,感到很兴奋。the moment you get the resultsEvery/Each time we are in troubleThe first time I heard the plan he put forward【写作金句】The moment he saw his mother,the boy couldnt help shedding tears of gratitude.一看见妈妈,这个男孩情不自禁落下了感激的泪水。Step 3 强化检测提升学习能力.单句语法填空1.(2020江苏高考)The dai
38、ly number of newly _(cure)and discharged patients exceeded that of the newly confirmed cases.2.(2020全国卷)The engineers are also trying to develop an on and off“switch”where the glow would fade when _(expose)to daylight.3.(2019全国卷)When he brings his speech to a nice _(conclude),Whaley invites the rest
39、 of the class to praise him.curedexposedconclusion4.(2020江苏高考)There will still be lots of _(challenge)if we are to classify garbage in a short time.5.(2020浙江高考)When my mother saw my creations,she told me how _(create)my designs were.challengescreative.完成句子1._and wants to absorb all the useful knowle
40、dge.他一直埋头苦学,想要吸收所有有用的知识。2.The Mid-Autumn Festival,_,falls on August 15 every year.每年农历八月十五的中秋节,起源于唐朝。He has been absorbed in his studywhich originates/dates back to/dates from the TangDynasty3._,the old man lay on the freezing ground,groaning miserably/howling with pain.受了重伤,这位老人躺在冰冷的地上,痛苦地呻吟。4.The
41、manager rejected the plan _.这位经理拒绝了那些年轻专家提出的计划。5._our school has been awarded the National Civilized Campus.我们学校已经被评为“国家文明校园”的消息传来了。Severely injuredput forward by those young expertsWord came that.语法填空(黑体词为本单元重点词汇)Throughout history,scientists have made great 1._(contribute)to the world.As far as Im
42、 concerned,scientists are those who are strict in their work and are always 2._(absorb)in everything they do.They have a lot of urgent things to attend 3._every day.However,they neither worry about 4._care about their social status or salaries.contributionsabsorbedtonor A scientist can fail many tim
43、es,but he isnt a failure until he begins 5._(blame)somebody else.Scientists are very cautious of every 6._(conclude)they draw and they do experiments again and again to test the theory they have put 7._.Scientists keep in mind that a theory 8._(make)no sense unless it can help the world that is expo
44、sed to unexpected dangers.Scientists devote all 9._(they)lives to their research so that they can find such a theory.Owing to the fact that they can do whatever they have chosen to do with great perseverance,they have made great 10._(achieve)in many fields.blaming/to blameconclusionforwardmakestheir
45、achievementsStep 4 直击高考培养思维品质核心素养向对社会做出突出贡献的人物学习;培养学生的科学精神和思维品质;了解科学发现过程高考链接2020全国卷阅读理解D;2020天津高考阅读理解B、D;2019天津高考阅读理解C;2018全国卷阅读理解C;2018全国卷阅读理解A、完形填空.话题与阅读理解(2021宝鸡模拟)Walter Carr and his mother just moved from New Orleans,Louisiana to Birmingham,Alabama after losing their home in Hurricane Katrina.W
46、alter Carr,a college student in Alabama,walked 32 kilometers in the dark to get to his new job.Walter Carrs car broke down the night before starting a new job at Bellhops,a furniture moving company.Carr was unable to find a ride.He left at midnight so that he could make it to the customers house by
47、8:00 am the next morning.Pelham police saw him walking along a highway at 4:00 am and they took him to a restaurant for breakfast and then to a church where he could safely wait until 8:00 am.The police then took Carr to the home of customer Jenny Lamey.Lamey said that even though Carr had just walk
48、ed the entire night,he refused her offer to rest and started working.Lamey thought he worked in a down-to-earth way.While he worked,he talked with the customer,telling her how much he liked her kitchen.Lamey later wrote this on Facebook:“I just cant tell you how touched I was by Walter and his journ
49、ey.He is kind and cheerful and he has big dreams!He is hardworking and tough.”She then started a GoFundMe page to help Walter with money to get his car fixed.When the CEO of Bellhops,Luke Marklin,learned of Carrs story,he drove from Tennessee to Alabama to give Walter his own Ford Escape.Walter Carr
50、s story touched many others around the United States.Within a few days,people gave over$73,000 to his GoFundMe page.Carr has decided to give a part of the donations to the Birmingham Education Foundation.And he has received more offers for jobs and scholarships for schools.【文章大意】这是一篇记叙文。大学生Walter Ca
