1、咸阳市咸阳市 2023 年高考模拟检测（一）英语试题年高考模拟检测（一）英语试题注意事项：1.本试卷共 10 页,全卷满分 150分,答题时间为 120 分钟；3.回答选择题时,选出每小题答案后,用 2B 铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动,用橡皮擦干净后,再选涂其它答案标号。回答非选择题时,将答案写在答题卡上。写在本试卷上无效2.答卷前,考生须准确填写自己的姓名、准考证号,并认真核准条形码上的姓名、准考证号；。4.考试结束后,监考员将答题卡按顺序收回,装袋整理；试题不回收。第一部分：听力（共两节,满分 30 分）做题时,先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后,你将有两分钟的时间将试卷
2、上的答案转涂到答题卡上。第一节（共 5 小题,每小题 1.5 分,满分 7.5 分）听下面 5 段对话。每段对话后有一个小题,从题中所给的 A、B、C 三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后,你都有 10 秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。例：How much is the shirt?A.19.15.B.9.18.C.9.15.答案是 C。1.How did the man learn his basketball skills?A.From his school team.B.From his brother.C.From his work team.2.What
3、will the boy do first?A.Watch a movie.B.Have dinner.C.Finish his homework.3.Where did Sally buy her shirt?A.At the department store.B.At an expensive store.C.On the Internet.4.How does the boy feel about his exam?A.Proud.B.Pleased.C.Disappointed.5.What does the woman probably do?A.She is a chef.B.Sh
4、e is a waitress.C.She is a manager.第二节（共 15 小题,每小题 1.5分,满分 22.5 分）听下面 5 段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题,从题中所给的 A、B、C 三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前,你将有时间阅读各个小题,每小题 5 秒钟；听完后,各小题将给出 5 秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听第 6 段材料,回答第 6、7 题。6.Where does the man want to go?A.To his office.B.To a bus station.C.To the central library.7.How do
5、es the woman sound to the man?A.Thankful.B.Sympathetic.C.Confused.听第 7段材料,回答第 8至 10 题。8.Why is the man upset?A.He has to fix his car.B.He doesnt like the snow.C.He has been too busy with work.9.When will the speakers meet?A.At 4:00.B.At 12:00.C.At 12:30.10.Where will the man go next?A.The office.B.T
6、he train station.C.The womans house.听第 8 段材料,回答第 11 至 13 题。11.What is the matter with the mans son at school?A.He doesnt do well in tests.B.He is lonely with few friends.C.He is easily distracted in class.12.What does the woman suggest the mans son do?A.Make more new friends.B.Have more challenging
7、homework.C.Practice more before tests.13.Whats the probable relationship between the speakers?A.Wife and husband.B.Teacher and parent.C.Friends.听第 9段材料,回答第 14至 16 题。14.Where are the womans parents staying before they retire?A.In New York.B.In California.C.In Florida.15.What will the man do after hig
8、h school graduation?A.Travel around the world.B.Attend university in Boston.C.Take a part-time job.16.When did the man take a campus tour?A.Last week.B.Yesterday.C.Last month.听第 10段材料,回答第 17 至 20 题。17.Who is Anna?A.An operator.B.An assistant.C.A rider.18.What is the speaker explaining?A.What a ride
9、operator should do.B.How they should take a picture on the ride.C.What rules they are for the ride.19.What happened earlier today to a rider?A.His safety belt broke.B.He lost his phone on the ride.C.He was removed from the park for spitting.20.What will the audience do next?A.Board the car.B.Ask Ann
10、a some questions.C.Get some food and drinks.第二部分：阅读理解（共两节,满分 40 分）第一节（共 15 小题,每小题 2 分,满分 30 分）阅读下列短文,从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C 和 D）中,选出最佳选项,并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。ATicket InformationDue to extremely high demand,tickets for the three traditional end-of-year concerts of theVienna Philharmonic are drawn exclusively on the
11、 Vienna Philharmonic website.In this way,people worldwide have an equal chance to purchase these highly desired tickets.Application Period:February 1-28,2023During this period,interested persons can apply on this website for tickets to the PreviewPerformance,the New Years Eve Concert,and the New Yea
12、rs Concert.The first step towardmaking an application for tickets is to register for the drawing.The registration is separate fromyour user account for the Webshop and is specifically for the drawing.Users can enter their ticketpreferences for the upcoming concerts during the application period.Pric
13、e CategoriesThe number of tickets for the New Years Concert is limited to two,and the number of ticketsfor the Preview Performance and New Years Eve Concert can be up to four.The ticket prices rangebetween 35 and 1200 for the New Years Concert,25 and 860 for the New Years EveConcert,and between 20 a
14、nd 495 for the Preview Performance.If you wish to change yourapplication,you may only do so during the application period.In March,you will know the resultsof the drawing.When Should I Apply?Within the one-month application period,the actual time of application is irrelevant.Anapplication made on Fe
15、bruary 1 has the same chances as an application made on February 28.Theonly way to obtain tickets for these concerts is by taking part in the online drawing!Requestssubmitted through the postal system,by e-mail or by any other means will not be considered!21.Who could be most interested in this info
16、rmation?A.A website designer.B.A painting lover.C.A music fan.D.A tourist guide.22.What do you have to do to get tickets?A.Apply one month in advance.B.Participate in the drawing.C.Send e-mails to the webshop.D.Use the same name as the user account.23.How much must you pay at least for two tickets f
17、or the Preview Performance?A.70.B.25.C.50.D.40.BBorn in Russia and living in an orphanage（孤儿院）for the first 13 months of her life,Jessica Long had no idea what her future would hold.The little girl born with Fibular Hemimeliawould not only go on to be a 13-time gold medal-winning Paralympic champion
18、,but she wouldinspire others to chase their dreams.Long was born in Russia,where she lived in an orphanage until her parents adopted her in1993.Soon after being adopted,she had to have her legs amputated（截肢）at only a year and ahalf.“It gave me a lot of freedom and movement,”Long said.“But growing up
19、 was definitelyreally hard.From a very early age,I just decided that I was going to be unstoppable and I wasntgoing to let my legs hold me back.From that point forward,she didnt let anyone tell her what shewas or wasnt capable of doing.She started doing gymnastics as a kid.Then,in 2002,Long foundher
20、 sport for life:swimming!“I was the only girl with no legs on the swim team,“she said.”There were moments Istruggled,but my teammates treated me like a friend.When I look back on my life and I think aboutanyone on that team,no one made fun of me for having no legs and they were so kind.“Longdefied（顶
21、 住）all odds and surprised everyone when she qualified at age only 12 for theParalympics in 2004 in Athens.After four Paralympics,Long has won 13 gold,six silver,and fourbronze medals.She has dozens of World Championship medals and has broken numerous worldrecords throughout her career so far.But she
22、 didnt concentrate on winning awards or being famous.“I really just love swimming.Its important for any athlete to remember just why you started,”she said.As one of the most decorated athletes in history,Longs goal is to just keep competing as longas her body allows.“Dream big,she said.“There are so
23、 many possibilities out there,so findyour passion,be consistent and work hard.You define your own success.”24.How old was Long when she found her life sport?A.11B.10.C.12.D.13.A.11.25.What made Jessica determine to devote herself to swimming?A.Her experience of winning 13 gold medals.B.Her parents s
24、upport and teachers help.C.Her teammates understanding and kindness.D.Her focus on winning awards and fame.26.What is the text mainly about?A.A poor orphanage and her close friends.B.A happy girl and her confusing childhood.C.An amazing illness and its terrible influence.D.An inspiring story about a
25、n unlucky person.27.Which of the following may Long most agree with?A.If you can dream it,you can make it.B.If you want to succeed,learn to swim.C.A man never reaches success until disabled.D.A sportsmans goal is winning gold medals.CNeuroscientists（神经科学家）now know that brain maturation（成熟）occurs far
26、 laterthan previously thought.Great changes in brain are still taking place during young adulthood,especially in the regions that are important for planning ahead,expecting the future results of onesdecisions,and comparing risk and reward.Indeed,some brain regions do not reach full maturityuntil the
27、 early 20s.Should this new knowledge make us rethink where we draw legal boundariesbetween kids and adults?Maybe.But its not as simple as it seems for two reasons.First,different brain regions mature along with different timetables.There is no single age atwhich the adolescent brain becomes an adult
28、 brain.Systems responsible for logical reasoningmature when people are 16,but those involved in self-regulation are still developing in youngadulthood.This is why 16-year-olds are just as capable as adults when it comes to permittinginformed medical papers,but are still immature in ways that reduce
29、their criminal responsibility,asthe Supreme Court has noted in several recent cases.Using different ages for different legalboundaries seems strange,but it would make neuro-scientific sense if we did it reasonably.Second,science has never had much influence on these decisions.If it did,we wouldnt ha
30、velived in a society that allows teenagers to drive before they can buy beer.Age boundaries are drawnmainly for political reasons,not scientific ones.Its a pity that Neuroscience wont have much of animpact on politics although it is always correct.Children are so changeable in their growth and how c
31、ultures understand child development isso different.It is pointless to try to determine the“right”age of maturation.The Dutch,forexample,allow children to drink alcohol at the age of 16 but not to drive until they are 19.Even if Ifirmly believe legal decisions should refer to Neuroscience seriously
32、and its a good idea to lowerthe drinking age and raise the driving age in the US,I recognize that the government might neveraccept it.28.What can we learn about brain maturation according to the passage?A.All the brain areas become mature at the same time.B.Scientists brain matures much earlier than
33、 politicians.C.The region in charge of logical reasoning isnt mature until 18.D.The time of brain maturation is not as early as thought before.29.What is the authors attitude towards Neuroscience?A.Favorable.B.Skeptical.C.Indifferent.D.Intolerant.30.What can we infer from the last paragraph?A.Is ill
34、egal for a Dutch boy to drive at the age of 16.B.The culture of the Dutch is much better than the USA.C.Its of great value to determine the right age of maturation.D.The influence of science on law and policy making is very big.31.What could be the best title for the passage?A.Should Children Learn
35、from Capable Adults?B.Can Neuroscience Create Mature Scientists?C.Should Neuroscience Affect Law Decisions?D.Can Children Drive and Drink Beer Like Adults?DBoth lab-grown and plant-based alternatives are close to the taste and nutritional value of realmeat without environmental damage.The UN expects
36、 the world to have 9.8 billion people by 2050.By that date,according to thepredictions,humans will consume 70%more meat than they did in 2005.And it turns out thatraising animals for human consumption is among the worst things we do to the environment.Depending on the animal,producing a pound of mea
37、t protein（蛋 白 质）with Westemindustrialized methods needs 4 to 25 times more water,6 to 17 times more land,and 6 to 20 timesmore fossil fuels than producing a pound of plant protein.The problem is that people arent likely tostop eating meat anytime soon.This means lab-grown and plant-based alternative
38、s might be the bestway to limit the damage.Making lab-grown meat involves getting muscle tissue from animals and growing it inbioreactors（生 物反应器）.The end product looks much like what youd get from an animal,although researchers are still working on the taste.Researchers at Maastricht University,who
39、areworking to produce lab-grown meat at scale,believe theyll have a lab-grown burger available bynext year.One shortcoming oflab-grown meat is that the environmental benefits are still small-a recent World EconomicForum report says the emissions（排放）from lab-grown meat would be only around 7 lessthan
40、 emissions from beef production.A better environmental case can be made for plant-basedmeats from companies like Beyond Meat Foods,which use pea proteins,wheat,potatoes,and plantoils to mimic the real taste of animal meat.According to an analysis by the Center for SustainableSystems at the Universit
41、y of Michigan,a Beyond Meat pie would probably generate 90%lessgreenhouse-gas emissions than a traditional burger made from a cow.32.Why were lab-grown and plant-based meat introduced?A.To eat more tasty and delicious meat.B.To reduce damage to the environment.C.To have as much protein as people can
42、.D.To rid the world of severe hunger problems.33.What can we learn about lab-grown meat from Paragraph 3?A.Making lab-grown meat involves killing animals first.B.Consuming lab-grown meat can be realized next year.C.The cost of lab-grown beef is 7%cheaper than real beef.D.The damage of lab-grown meat
43、 to the environment is still big.34.What does the underlined word“mimic”in Paragraph 4 probably mean?A.Copy.B.Ruin.C.Change.D.Sell.35.Where is this text probably taken from?A.A textbook.B.An exam paper.C.A science magazine.D.A course plan.第二节（共 5 小题,每小题 2分,满分 10 分）根据短文内容,从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项
44、为多余选项。A rhetorical question is a question that requires no reply,either because the answer is obviousor because the asker already knows the answer.As one of the most commonly used persuasivetechniques for speeches,it is so effective at attracting your audience.36.So,you need to find theright balance
45、!1.Force your audience to think.37.and your audience will start thinking about the answers by themselves.These questionsdont have fixed or standard answers.For example,“What do you think the world will look like in50 years?What were some ideas that popped into your head?Is the world exactly the same
46、 as ourstoday？Does it have levitating（悬浮）cars and magic glasses？Or is it dying from climatechange？”You see,when someone asks you a rhetorical question,you start to explore differentideas in your mind.38.2.Emphasize a specific point.You can use rhetorical questions to emphasize your previous statemen
47、t.39.For example:“67%of all Australians are overweight.Are you one of them?”Here,the rhetorical questionhammers the previous statement in your mind.You realize that 67%is actually a really highpercentage.3.Evoke emotions.Rhetorical questions can also evoke（引起）emotions by putting the audience in a si
48、tuationwhere they can have real-time experience with what is being discussed.Lets change the statement“Future generations will never see tigers or polar bears again”into a rhetorical question“Whatif your child and their child can never see a tiger or polar bear again?”40.This helps you convince them
49、 to believe your speech.A.Ask open-ended questionsB.When your audience think you are a nice manC.Use new technologies to prevent your audience from taking a napD.Many people will be certainly emotional by hearing such questionsE.This will make your audience think hard about what you said just nowF.Y
50、ou might even find yourself exploring new possibilities you never thought beforeG.However,overusing rhetorical techniques can also make your speech sound too repetitive第三部分：英语知识运用（共两节,满分 45 分）第一节 完形填空（共 20 小题,每小题 1.5 分,满分 30 分）阅读下面短文,从短文后各题所给四个选项（A、B、C 和 D）中,选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项,并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。Almost eight y
