1、必 修 第 三 册Unit 2 Morals and Virtues0101单词单词041.moral adj.(反)immoral morally adv.2.virtue n.traditional virtue virtual adj.模拟的,实际上的3.illustrate vt.说明 illustration n.4.trust v./n.entrust vt.5.marry v.marriage n.be married to sb get married to sb.046 majority n大部分；大多数the majority 大多数(其作主语表整体时，谓语用单数；若表成员
2、情况时，谓语用复数。)the majority ofn.U单数谓语the majority ofn.pl.复数谓语in the/a majority占大多数minority n少数民族；少数047complain vi.&vt.抱怨；发牢骚complain(to sb.)of/about(doing)sth.(向某人)投诉/抱怨(做)某事；(向某人)发牢骚 complaint n抱怨；投诉；控告 make a complaint(to sb.)about sth.(向某)抱怨/投诉某事 8.respond vt.回答；回复 vt.做出反应；回应respond to sb./sth.(with/
3、by sth.)(用)回答某人/回复某事(比 answer,reply to正式)response n反应；回答；回复in response to作为对的反应049.scholar n.学者 scholarship n.奖学金10.appoint v.任命 sb.to be/as 任命某人为 appointment n.任命，约会 make an appointment with sb.与某人约会11.elect vt.选举；推选 elect sb.as选举某人当election n选举；推选；当选0412.decade/ten years score/twenty dozen/twelve1
4、3.tend vt.照顾；照料vi.倾向；趋于tend(to)sb./sth.照料/护理某人；照管某物 tend to do sth.易于做某事，往往会发生某事 tendency n.倾向,趋势have a tendency to do sth.有做某事的倾向14.retire v.退休 retire from.从退休(役)/退出 retirement n.retired adj.已退职的；已退休的0415.active -passive positive-negative16.scare vt.惊吓；使害怕 vi.受惊吓 scare sb.to death把某人吓得要死 scared adj
5、.害怕的；对感到惊慌或恐惧的 be scared of doing/to do sth.害怕做某事 be scared(that).害怕0417.replace vt.接替；取代(take the place of)replace A with/by B 用 B代替Areplace sb.as.取代某人而成为18.operate vi.运转；动手术(on sb.)vt.操作 operator n操作员，经营者 operation n.操作0419.assist vt.帮助；援助assist sb.with sth.帮助某人做某事assist sb.in doing sth./to do sth
6、.帮助某人做某事assistance n援助；帮助；补助with the assistance/help of在的帮助下assistant n助手；助理 adj.辅助的；助理的0420.harm n&vt.伤害；损害do sb.harm/do harm to sb.对某人有害harmful adj.有害的；伤害的be harmful to 对有害harmless adj.无害的0202语法语法What do these sentences have in common?What are the functions and meanings of the-ing forms?1.her brot
7、her complained,thinking of the high tuition fees.2.Thinking of all the people still in need of help,Dr Lin opened a private clinic.3.The new Peoples Republic of China saw Dr Lin Qiaozhi playing a key role.The-ing formadverbialadverbialobject complementCan you find other examples from the passage on
8、Page 16?1.how could I refuse that trust,saying Im cold,hungry,or tired?2.At times,she was even seen riding a donkey to faraway villages to provide medical care.3.she was known as the“mother of ten thousand babies”,having delivered over 50,000 babies in her lifetime.The-ing formThe-ing Form as theExa
9、mples It was great fun enjoying the relaxing atmosphere!I just cant take my eyes off the shining lights on the Christmas trees everywhere.You look amazing today.The most important thing is getting there in time.She heard someone knocking at the door.You have kept me waiting the whole morning.Having
10、dressed up nicely,we went out to have some good local food and enjoy the celebrations.She sat at the desk reading a newspaper.predicative（表语）（表语）attributive（定语）（定语）object complement（宾语补足语）（宾语补足语）adverbial（状语）（状语）The-ing form Walking in the park,she saw an old friend.Being talked to,you should look a
11、t the eyes of the person.Having dressed myself,I went to the office.Having been caught in the rain,he was wet all over.主动形式主动形式被动形式被动形式一般式完成式doing having donebeing donehaving been doneCompare and find Hearing the news,they immediately set off for Shanghai.Being tired,I stopped to have a rest.The sno
12、w lasted a week,causing serious traffic confusions.Working hard,you will finally succeed.时间状语时间状语原因状语原因状语结果状语结果状语条件状语条件状语Compare and find Admitting what she has said,I still think that she hasnt tried her best.Please answer the question using another way.Wang Peng sat in his empty restaurant feeling
13、 frustrated.让步状语让步状语方式状语方式状语伴随状语伴随状语Compare and find1.We saw the teacher doing the experiment.I saw her being questioned by the police.在感官动词在感官动词see,hear,feel,smell,watch,notice等后作宾补等后作宾补2.In order to keep warm,we kept the fire burning.Dont leave her waiting outside in the rain.在使役动词在使役动词keep,get,le
14、ave,have等后作宾补等后作宾补3.I couldnt do my homework with the noise going on.With so many people looking at her,she felt nervous.在在with复合结构中作宾补复合结构中作宾补Compare and find动词动词-ing形形式作状语式作状语和宾补和宾补作宾补作宾补作状语作状语主动主动:_:_被动：被动：_1.1.逻辑主语与主句主语逻辑主语与主句主语 ;2.2.否定形式否定形式:.形式形式类型类型注意注意doing/having done being done/having been
15、 done 时间状语时间状语原因状语原因状语 结果状语结果状语条件状语条件状语让步状语让步状语 方式状语方式状语伴随状语伴随状语一致一致not/never+v-ing动词动词-ing形式形式作状语和宾补作状语和宾补作宾补作宾补作状语作状语形式：主动形式：主动 _ 被动被动 _用法：用法：在在 后作宾补后作宾补在在 后作宾补后作宾补在在 后作宾补后作宾补doingbeing done感官动词感官动词使役动词使役动词with复合结构复合结构0303语言点语言点 respond to对对做出回应或反应；答复做出回应或反应；答复 in response to对对的答复；对的答复；对做出反应做出反应 m
16、ake a/no response to对对做出回应做出回应/不予回答不予回答vt.回答；回复回答；回复 vi.回答；响应；做出反应；回应回答；响应；做出反应；回应 (response n.回答，答复；反应回答，答复；反应)1respond(1)She made no (respond)to the principle，which made me boil with anger.response(2)作为对您投诉信的回应，我做出以下承诺。作为对您投诉信的回应，我做出以下承诺。，I made the following promises.(3)每当我向他寻求建议时，他总是立即给我回复每当我向他寻
17、求建议时，他总是立即给我回复。(2020全国全国，书面表达，书面表达)Every time I asked him for advice，_ .he would respond to/make a responseIn response to your letter of complaintto me immediately appoint sb.as/to be.任命某人为任命某人为 appoint sb.to do sth.委派某人做某事委派某人做某事 make/have an appointment(with sb.)(与某人与某人)约会约会/预约预约vt.任命；委派任命；委派 (app
18、ointment n.约会；约定，预约；委约会；约定，预约；委任任 appointed adj.约定的；指定的约定的；指定的)2appoint(1)I have something urgent to handle and therefore，I have to cancel the (appoint)with you，and I will appoint my brother (meet)you at the airport.appointmentto meet(2)得知你已被任命为学生会主席，我真诚地祝贺你。得知你已被任命为学生会主席，我真诚地祝贺你。(应用文写作之祝应用文写作之祝贺信贺信
19、)Learning that the Student Association，I sincerely congratulate you.(3)我不得不向你道歉，因为我不能在约定时间陪你去书店了。我不得不向你道歉，因为我不能在约定时间陪你去书店了。(应用文应用文写作之道歉信写作之道歉信)I have to apologize to you for not being able to _ .you have been appointed as/to be chairman ofaccompany you to thebookshop at the appointed time be scared
20、to do sth.害怕害怕/不敢做某事不敢做某事 be scared of sb./sth.害怕某人害怕某人/某事某事 be scared to death吓得要死吓得要死 scare sb.into doing sth.恐吓某人做某事恐吓某人做某事vt.惊吓；使害怕惊吓；使害怕 vi.受惊吓受惊吓 (scared adj.害怕的；对害怕的；对感感到惊慌或恐惧的到惊慌或恐惧的 scary adj.吓人的；恐怖的吓人的；恐怖的)3scare(1)After watching a (scare)film in the cinema，she was scared walking home alon
21、e and therefore，she called a taxi.scaryof(2)Some parents try to scare their ill-behaved children into _(behave)well.(3)当我意识到那头熊要回来攻击我们的时候，我几乎要吓死了当我意识到那头熊要回来攻击我们的时候，我几乎要吓死了。(2020浙江，读后续写浙江，读后续写)When I realized that the bear was coming back to attack us，_ .(4)我胆怯地低着头，不敢看爸爸那张阴云密布的脸。我胆怯地低着头，不敢看爸爸那张阴云密布的脸
22、。(读后续写之心理读后续写之心理描写描写)I bowed my head timidly and _ .behavingI was nearlyscared to deathwas scared to look at my fathers cloudyface assist sb.to do/in doing sth.帮助某人做某事帮助某人做某事 assist sb.with/in sth.在某方面帮助某人在某方面帮助某人 come/go to ones assistance来来/去援助某人去援助某人 with the assistance of.在在的帮助下的帮助下vt.帮助；协助；援助帮助
23、；协助；援助 (assistance n.帮助；协助帮助；协助 assistant n.助手；助理助手；助理)4assist(1)Having a great deal of teaching experience at a primary school，I do believe that I am qualified to be your teaching (assist).assistant(2)作为对你上封信的回复，我确保我会在英语口语方面帮你。首先，我作为对你上封信的回复，我确保我会在英语口语方面帮你。首先，我会帮你改正你的发音。会帮你改正你的发音。(应用文写作之回复求助信应用文写作之
24、回复求助信)In response to your last letter，I make sure that I will _ .Firstly，I will _ .assist you with/inassist you to correct/in correcting youryour oral Englishpronunciation(3)正当这对双胞胎担心做不出一顿美味的母亲节早餐的时候，爸爸来帮正当这对双胞胎担心做不出一顿美味的母亲节早餐的时候，爸爸来帮他们了。在他们爸爸的帮助下，这对双胞胎成功了，脸上洋溢着快乐的他们了。在他们爸爸的帮助下，这对双胞胎成功了，脸上洋溢着快乐的笑容。笑
25、容。(2021新高考全国新高考全国，读后续写，读后续写)When the twins were worried that they couldnt succeed in making a delicious Mothers Day breakfast，their father .，the twins made it，their faces brimming with happy smiles.came to their assistanceWith the assistance of their father/With their father assisting them do sb.har
26、m/do harm to sb.对某人有害对某人有害 There is no harm(in)doing sth.做某事无害处。做某事无害处。be harmful to对对有害有害n.&v.伤害；损害；危害伤害；损害；危害 (harmful adj.有害的有害的 harmless adj.无害的；不致伤害的无害的；不致伤害的)5harm(1)The physician says that the medicine is harmful children but (harm)to adults.toharmless(2)沉迷于网络游戏对我们的身心健康有害。因此，戒掉它没有害处沉迷于网络游戏对我们
27、的身心健康有害。因此，戒掉它没有害处。(2021全国乙全国乙)Being addicted to online games our physical and mental health.Therefore，.is harmful to/does harm tothere is no harm(in)getting rid of it a great/good deal of许多的，大量的，只能修饰不可数名词。修饰许多的，大量的，只能修饰不可数名词。修饰可可 数数名词可以用名词可以用a great many(of)。a great/good deal用作副词短语时，可用于修饰形容词、副词用作副词
28、短语时，可用于修饰形容词、副词比较级比较级 来来加强程度，也可以用来修饰动词作状语。加强程度，也可以用来修饰动词作状语。a great deal用作名词短语时，意为用作名词短语时，意为“大量，许多大量，许多”，作主语或者宾语。，作主语或者宾语。许多的；大量的许多的；大量的6a great/good deal of(1)The thief ran a great deal (fast)than the policeman but at last he didnt escape being caught.(2)他花了大量的时间和这些贫困家庭待在一起，而且他从中学到了很多他花了大量的时间和这些贫困家
29、庭待在一起，而且他从中学到了很多东西。东西。He spent ，and he learned .fastera great/good deal of time with the poor familiesa great/good deal from the experience本句中形容词比较级与否定词连用，表达最高级含义。常用的否定词本句中形容词比较级与否定词连用，表达最高级含义。常用的否定词有：有：no，not，never，nothing，nobody，hardly等，其意义为：没有等，其意义为：没有比这更比这更的了。的了。To a person nothing is more preci
30、ous than their life.对一个人来说，没有什么比他们的对一个人来说，没有什么比他们的生命更加珍贵的了生命更加珍贵的了7“否定词形容词否定词形容词比较级比较级than”表表达最高级含义达最高级含义(1)还有什么比帮助别人更有意义的事吗还有什么比帮助别人更有意义的事吗？(2020新高考全国新高考全国，读后续写，读后续写)Is there anything assisting others?that is more meaningful than(2)“我从来没吃过比这更美味的早餐了！我从来没吃过比这更美味的早餐了！”妈妈激动地回答道。妈妈激动地回答道。(2021新高考全国新高考全国
31、，读后续写，读后续写)“！”the mother responded excitedly.I have never had a more delicious breakfast than this one 此此句中的不定式句中的不定式to be hired.作后置定语，修饰名词作后置定语，修饰名词woman。当。当中心中心 词是词是序数词、形容词最高级或被序数词、形容词最高级等修饰时或序数词、形容词最高级或被序数词、形容词最高级等修饰时或前前 面有面有the only，the last，the right等时，常用动词不定式作后置定语。等时，常用动词不定式作后置定语。在在time，way，ch
32、ance，ability，promise，attempt等名词后，常用等名词后，常用不不 定式定式作后置定语，表示将要发生的动作。作后置定语，表示将要发生的动作。She immediately became the first woman ever to be hired as a resident physician in the OB-GYN department of the PUMC Hospital.她随即成为北京协和医学院妇产科有史以她随即成为北京协和医学院妇产科有史以来第一位被聘为住院医师的女性。来第一位被聘为住院医师的女性。8the+序数序数词词+n.+to do(1)Ther
33、e was no signal in that faraway village and all my attempts _ (contact)you failed.(2)约翰是第一个想出做爆米花帮助伯纳德挣外快的人。他相信他有能力约翰是第一个想出做爆米花帮助伯纳德挣外快的人。他相信他有能力帮助伯纳德走出困境。帮助伯纳德走出困境。(2020新高考全国新高考全国，读后续写，读后续写)John was _ .He was convinced that he had the ability _ .tocontact the first person to think of making popcorn
34、 to help Bernardearn some extra moneyto helpBernard out of the difficulty(3)我能说一口流利的英语，而且我是班上唯一一个出国深造的学生。毫我能说一口流利的英语，而且我是班上唯一一个出国深造的学生。毫无疑问我是负责这项工作的最佳人选。无疑问我是负责这项工作的最佳人选。(应用文写作之申请信应用文写作之申请信)I can speak fluent English and I am _ for further study.There is no doubt that I am _ .(4)我不能错过这样一个增进彼此了解的宝贵机会
35、。我不能错过这样一个增进彼此了解的宝贵机会。I cant afford to miss such a precious chance _ .the only student in my class to goabroad the best person tobe responsible for the jobto strengthen each othersunderstanding0404课文短语课文短语1travel journal2be influenced by3head to sp4gold rush5seek ones fortune6earn a/ones living7open
36、 up8bring about9apart from10be home to11escape(doing)sth受受影响影响前往某地前往某地淘金热淘金热寻找出路；寻找致富之路寻找出路；寻找致富之路谋生谋生打开打开;开张开张;开业开业产生产生;带来带来;导致导致Language Points:Important phrases(P28 P29)旅行日志旅行日志除了除了是是的发源地的发源地摆脱摆脱 /逃脱（做）某事逃脱（做）某事1settle in2start as3turn into4a real taste of5take care to do sth6to name but a few7sp
37、end time(in)doing在在定居定居转变成转变成真正的体验真正的体验注意做某事注意做某事列举几个例子列举几个例子花费时间做某事花费时间做某事Language points:Important phrases (P32 P33)从从开始开始8a range of9varieties of10suit everyones taste11be located in/on12be divided up into13has a history of14has a population of15give feedback on sth适合每个人的口味适合每个人的口味分成分成有有时间历史时间历史有有人口人口对对做出反馈做出反馈Language points:Important phrases (P32 33)位于位于各种各样的各种各样的一系列一系列感谢聆听
