1、BOOK 2 BOOK 2 Unit 1 Food for thought Period 2 Using languageModals(1)To know some modal verbs To learn how to use modal verbs To learn how to make comments about foodModalsModalsMeaningsMeaningsFunctionsFunctionsbe able todarehave tohad betterneedActivity 1 Match the Match the modalsmodals to their
2、 meanings,and summarize their to their meanings,and summarize their functions.functions.5 5abilitycouragestrong adviceadvicenecessity1 14 43 32 2Activity 2Read the introduction to an Read the introduction to an app,fill in the blanks with app,fill in the blanks with modals,and explain their modals,a
3、nd explain their functions.functions.needntbe able toarent able toFreeFreebe afraid to do somethingnot be necessary to do somethingbe necessary to do somethinghave the ability to do somethingdont have the ability to do sth.give advice to do somethingdare nothad betterhave to 情态动词本身具有一定的词义，不能独立作谓语，必须
4、和动词原形一起构成谓语。常用的情态动词包括can(could),may(might),shall(should),will(would),dare,need,must,had better,used to,have to,ought to等。本单元主要涉及的情态动词有be able to,dare,be able to,dare,have to,had better,needhave to,had better,need。下面将对这几个情态动词用法进行讲解。What are modals(情态动词)?Focus on 基本用法Modal verbsbe able todareneedhave
5、tohad better1.a)be able to 后接动词原形，表示后接动词原形，表示某人做某事的能力某人做某事的能力，可，可用于用于大多数时态大多数时态。They were able to escape from the building when the fire broke out.火灾发生时，他们设法从那栋建筑里逃了出去。火灾发生时，他们设法从那栋建筑里逃了出去。b)be able to 用于用于过去时态过去时态时，可以表示时，可以表示“某人过去或当时成功某人过去或当时成功地做了某事地做了某事”。.Meaning:to indicate abilityUse be able to
6、to fill the blanks.Up till now,he _get in touch with her.(否定句)You _speak perfect English very soon.(肯定句)I regret _help her.(否定句)hasnt been able to will be able tonot being able to 比较比较“be able to”and“can/could”?Examples He could swim across the river.Though he was sick,he was able to swim across the
7、 river.We could reach the top of the mountain.After five hours of climbing,we were able to reach the top of the mountain.Though he was sickAfter five hours of climbingwas/were able to:succeeded in doing sth or managed to do sth in the past.They are both used to indicate ability.2.a)dare 作作情态动词情态动词时，
8、时，主要用于主要用于否定句否定句、疑问句和条件疑问句和条件从句从句中，一般不用在肯定句中。中，一般不用在肯定句中。Im so afraid that I dare not move.我吓得一动也不敢动。我吓得一动也不敢动。Dare she ring him at the office?她敢打电话到办公室找他吗？她敢打电话到办公室找他吗？2.b)need 表示表示“需要需要”或或“必须必须”,作作情态动词情态动词时，用于时，用于否定否定句和疑问句句和疑问句中，在肯定句中一般用中，在肯定句中一般用must,have to,ought to或或should 代替。代替。neednt表示表示“不必；不
9、需要不必；不需要”。You neednt tell him about it.He has known it.你不必告诉他这件事。他已经知道了你不必告诉他这件事。他已经知道了。2.c)dare 和和need 常用作常用作实义动词实义动词，有，有时态、人称和数时态、人称和数的变化的变化。所不同的是，作。所不同的是，作实义动词实义动词时，在时，在肯定句肯定句中，中，dare+带带to的不定式的不定式；在；在否定句和疑问句否定句和疑问句中，中，dare+带带to/不带不带to的不定式的不定式。I dare to swim across this river.我敢游过河去。我敢游过河去。He didn
10、t dare(to)say what he thought.他不敢说出他的想法。他不敢说出他的想法。He does not dare(to)answer.他不敢回答。他不敢回答。.Meaning:to be brave enough to do sth Dare he climb the tree?-No,he _(不敢).He _(dare/dares)not go there because it is very dangerous.He _(不敢)to cross the river.He _(dare/dares)to cross the river.dare notdare does
11、nt daredares.Meaning:to show that sth is necessary You neednt _(see/to see)him,but I must.Need I _(finish/to finish)the work today?You need _(see/to see)him.You dont need _(do/to do)it yourself.The bike needs _(repair)seefinishto seeto dorepairing/to be repaired.1.1.以以needneed开头的一般疑问句，否定回开头的一般疑问句，否定
12、回答用答用_,_,肯定回答用肯定回答用_;_;2.2.以以mustmust开头的一般疑问句，肯定回开头的一般疑问句，肯定回答用答用_,_,否定回答用否定回答用_。needntneednt must mustmustmust neednt/dont have toneednt/dont have to3.a)have to 的含义与的含义与must相似，两者往往可以互换使用，但相似，两者往往可以互换使用，但have to 有各种时态有各种时态，且，且强调客观需要强调客观需要，意为，意为“不得不不得不”。Its dark now.I have to go home.现在天黑了现在天黑了，我必须回家
13、我必须回家。I have to leave because of the bad weather.因为天气不好，我不得不离开了。因为天气不好，我不得不离开了。Do you have to wear uniforms at school?你在学校必须穿校服吗？你在学校必须穿校服吗？You dont have to/neednt go if you dont want to.如果你不想去，就不必去。如果你不想去，就不必去。3.b)否定形式是否定形式是dont have to，相当于，相当于neednt。I have to;he has to;she had to;I dont have to;Sh
14、e doesnt have to;You will have to;He might have to;.have to have to 与与 mustmust have tomust强调强调客观客观需要需要强调强调主观主观看法看法有有多种时态多种时态形式形式只有只有一种形式一种形式dont have to 不必不必mustnt 禁止禁止4.had better dodo sth.sth.最好最好做某事 用于现在时或将来时现在时或将来时,可用于一切人称,没有词形变化没有词形变化。否定式否定式：had better not do sthhad better not do sth.疑问式疑问式：把把
15、hadhad和和notnot提前提前4.had better dodo sth.sth.最好最好做某事 用于现在时或将来时现在时或将来时,可用于一切人称,没有词形变化没有词形变化。否定式否定式：had better not do sthhad better not do sth.疑问式疑问式：把把hadhad和和notnot提前提前 Youd better sit here and have a rest.你最好坐在这儿休息一下。你最好坐在这儿休息一下。She had better not tell lies any more.她最好再也别撒谎了。她最好再也别撒谎了。Hadnt the doc
16、tor better see him?医生是不是去看看他比较好？医生是不是去看看他比较好？选词填空can,dare,must,need,have to 1.It is raining hard and I stay at home.2.He is taller than you and hereach the apples on the tree.3.My friend tells me that he not try spicy food.4.As students,we work hard at our lessons.5.The railway station is very near.
17、You not take a taxi.have tocandaremustneedActivity 3have todare nothad betterneednt/dont have tobe able toComplete the tips for good table manners with the correct forms of modals翻译句子1.那个小女孩晚上不敢出去。答案:The little girl dare not go out at night.2.你最好每天早晨锻炼半小时。答案:You had better work out for half an hour
18、every morning.3.把字典带给她。她或许会用得着。答案:Take the dictionary to her.She may use it.4.你没有必要去了,会议快要结束了。答案:You neednt go because the meeting is about to end.5.火车票售完了,我不得不乘飞机。答案:The train tickets have been sold out,so I have to go by air.1 Backyard BBQ,Kansas City,US 2 Bound 59,Shanghai,China 3 Antonios Pizzer
19、ia,London,UK4 Madame Laurents Bakery,Paris,FrancecadbRead and match the comments to the pictures.Underline the words that describe food in Activity 4 and put them into the table.AppearanceSmell Taste Feel shiny shiny largelargeround round pink pink tiny tiny freshfreshfishfishy ysmoky smoky spicyspi
20、cybitterbittersweetsweetfruityfruitytendertendersoft soft juicyjuicycold cold stickystickysmooth smooth creamycreamyAppearanceSmell Taste Feel transparent transparent (透明的透明的)burnt burnt bright bright colourful colourful thick thickstinky(stinky(有臭味的有臭味的)fragrant(fragrant(香的香的)pungent(pungent(刺鼻的刺鼻的
21、)sour sour hot hot tasty tasty raw raw salty saltygreasy(greasy(油腻的油腻的)crispy(crispy(酥脆酥脆的的)hard hardchewy/rubbery chewy/rubbery (耐嚼的耐嚼的)Add any more you can think of.Talk about your favourite food using the words you have learnt.A:Whats your favourite food?B:My favourite food isA:How does it look/s
22、mell/taste/feel?B:It looks/smells/taste/feels1._ n.（事物的）功能，作用（事物的）功能，作用2._ v.下载（信息或程序）下载（信息或程序）3._ adj.有关系的，相关的有关系的，相关的4._ n.日常饮食日常饮食5._ n.对对着迷的人着迷的人6._ n.指点，建议指点，建议7._ n.风俗，习惯，传统风俗，习惯，传统8._ n.礼貌，礼仪礼貌，礼仪functiondownloadrelateddietWordsaddicttipcustommanners9._ n.诀窍，技巧，技法诀窍，技巧，技法10._ n.盘，碟盘，碟11._ n.柄
23、，把手柄，把手12._ v.不同，不一样，有区别不同，不一样，有区别13._ n.烧烤野餐烧烤野餐14._ adj.嫩的，软的（尤指烹饪嫩的，软的（尤指烹饪 恰到好处）恰到好处）15._ n.牛排牛排16._ n.调味汁，酱调味汁，酱汁汁trickplatehandledifferWordsBBQtendersteaksauce17._ adv.略微，稍微略微，稍微18._ adv.极端地，非常地极端地，非常地19._ n.比萨饼餐厅比萨饼餐厅20._ adj.苦的，有苦味的苦的，有苦味的21._ n.面包店，糕饼店面包店，糕饼店22._ n.干酪蛋糕干酪蛋糕23._ adj.似奶油的，软厚平
24、滑的，似奶油的，软厚平滑的，光滑细软的光滑细软的24._ v.推荐推荐slightlyincrediblypizzeriawordsbitterbakerycheesecakecreamyrecommend25._ adj.（全是）蔬菜的，（全是）蔬菜的，没有肉类的没有肉类的26._ n.酸（一种化学物质）酸（一种化学物质）27._ v.侵袭，侵蚀侵袭，侵蚀28._ n.酸乳，酸奶酸乳，酸奶29._ prep.在在里里vegetarianacidwordsattackyoghurtwithin1._ 餐桌礼仪餐桌礼仪 2._ 不例外不例外 3._ 拿起，捡起，拾起拿起，捡起，拾起4._ 万一万
25、一5._ 以以开始开始6._ 说服某人干某事说服某人干某事 table manners pick up in case start withbe no exception persuade sb.to do sth.Phrases Key Words 1.function n.(事物的事物的)功能；作用；功能；作用；(某人的某人的)职责职责 v.起作用，正常起作用，正常运转运转 起起作用作用_ function as 单句语法填空单句语法填空(1)Compared to the traditional ones,they have three new unique _(function).(2
26、)We have a sofa that also functions _ a bed.as functionsKey Words 2.related adj.有关系的，相关的 relate v.把联系起来 relation n.关系与有关系/有关联与有密切的关系relate to relate A to B 关于；与相关be related to be closely related to 涉及；与相关把 A 与 B 联系起来in relation to Key Words 单句语法填空(1)He suffers from memory loss _(relate)to his diseas
27、e.(2)Police now believe that the three crimes could be _(relate).(3)The study found a direct _(relate)between smoking and lung cancer.(4)We need to explain why these issues are important and relate them _ everyday life.relatedrelatedrelationtoKey Words 完成句子(5)There is no doubt that your disease _(与有
28、关)your unhealthy diet.(6)His remarks didnt _(与有关)the topic under discussion.is related torelate toKey Words 3.diet n.日常饮食；节食；规定饮食 v.节食，按规定进食健康的饮食均衡的饮食在节食(表示状态)开始节食(表示动作)a healthy diet a balanced diet be on a diet go on a diet Key Words 单句语法填空(1)Good health is connected with _ healthy diet.(2)Have yo
29、u been _ a diet?Youve lost a lot of weight.完成句子(3)To keep fit,we should have _(均衡的饮食)and take exercise every day.(4)I decided to _(节食)before my holiday.(5)I wont have any ice cream.I _(正在节食).a ona balanced dietgo on a dietam on a diet/am dieting2.addict n.对对着迷着迷的人；吸毒成瘾的人的人；吸毒成瘾的人addicted adj.上瘾的；上瘾的
30、；对对着迷着迷的的addictive adj.使人上瘾的；使人入迷的使人上瘾的；使人入迷的addiction n.瘾；入迷，嗜好瘾；入迷，嗜好be/become/get addicted to对对上瘾上瘾单句语法填空(1)Once you get _(addict)to drugs，you have difficulty getting rid of them.(2)What worries him most is that his son has been addicted to _ (play)computer games.(3)Tobacco is highly _(addict)bec
31、ause it contains nicotine.(4)Smoking is a harmful habit and makes people _(addict)once they start doing it.addicted addictiveaddictedplaying Key Words 5.differ v.不同，不一样，有区别 different adj.不同的 difference n.不同，不一样differ in=be different in differ from=be different from differ(with sb.)about/on/over sth.
32、在方面不同与不同(与某人)在某事上持不同意见Key Words 单句语法填空(1)Leaves are found on all kinds of trees,but they differ greatly _ size and shape.(2)The two students differ _ one another _ their ability to handle stress.(3)I have to differ _ you on that.(4)Medical opinion _(differ)as to how to treat the disease.(5)Theres a
33、big _(differ)between knowing that something is true,and being able to prove it.infrominwithdiffersdifference3.recommend v.推荐，介绍；劝告，推荐，介绍；劝告，建议建议 向某人向某人推荐某物推荐某物 推荐推荐某人做某人做(某职位某职位)recommend sb.as.建议建议做某事做某事recommend that sb.(should)do sth.Its(strongly)recommended that.(should)do.recommend sth.to sb.re
34、commend sb.for.推荐某人推荐某人作为作为recommend doing sth.建建 议某人做某事议某人做某事(强烈强烈)建议建议【特别提示特别提示】recommend(建议建议)后的从句中要用虚拟语气，从句谓语用后的从句中要用虚拟语气，从句谓语用“should+动词原形动词原形”，should 可以省略。可以省略。单句语法填空(1)I recommend this book _ anyone with an interest in English.(2)She was recommended _ the post by the manager.(3)I would strong
35、ly recommend _(buy)a quality bicycle rather than a cheap one.完成句子(4)I bought this novel after a friend _(向我推荐它).toforbuyingrecommended it to mePart ThreeListeningListening Listen to the conversation and tick the food and drinks ordered.Listening fatchemicalsamountsoft drinkstasteharmfulListen again
36、and complete the notes.Pair WorkAct out the conversation to persuade a customer to buy a new mixed fruit drink.Pair WorkDid you know that?Its made fromIts rich inAbsolutely.Its good forTheresoff the total price.Whats made from?Does it have any in it?Is it good for?How much is it?Thank you!May all of
37、 us enjoy a healthy life!1.Now talk about the 1.Now talk about the functionfunction of modals.of modals.现在谈谈情态动词的功能。现在谈谈情态动词的功能。functionfunction vi.vi.to work in the correct way to work in the correct way 运转运转；起起的作用（的作用（常与常与asas连用连用）eg The television eg The television was functioningwas functioning
38、normally normally until until yesterday.yesterday.The sofa can also The sofa can also function asfunction as a bed.a bed.functionfunction n.n.the purpose that something the purpose that something hashas作用作用，功能，功能eg This room may be used for weddings and eg This room may be used for weddings and othe
39、r other functionsfunctions.What are modals?In English grammar,a modal,also known as a modal auxiliary or modal verb,is a verb that combines with infinitive without to(不带to的不定式)to express possibility,certainty,permission,request,ability,obligation,etc.Whats the difference between be able to and can/c
40、ould?Examples：He can swim.Im able to express my idea in a clear way.I could/was able to play the piano when I was young.They are used to indicate ability.ExamplesHe could swim across the river.Though he was sick,he was able to swim across the river.We could reach the top of the mountain.After five h
41、ours of climbing,we were able to reach the top of the mountain.Though he was sickAfter five hours of climbingwas/were able to means that you succeeded in doing sth or managed to do sth in the past.Benny,the Polish scientist,has spent his lifetime studying active volcanoes and deep caves in all parts
42、 of the world.In 1948,he went to a lake in the Congo to observe a new volcano which he later named Kituro.Benny _ set up his camp very close to the volcano while it was erupting violently.Though he managed to take a number of brilliant photographs,he _ stay near the volcano for very long.He noticed
43、that a river of liquid rock was coming towards him.It threatened to surround him completely,but Benny managed to escape just in time.He waited until the volcano became quiet and he _ return two days later.This time,he managed to climb into the mouth of Kituro so that he _ take photographs and measur
44、e temperatures.Benny has often risked his life in this way.He _ tell us more about active volcanoes than any man alive.was able tocouldnt/wasnt able to was able tocouldhas been able tod.Meaning:to express suggestions,hopes and warningsForm:had better do sth Shed better get here soon,or shell miss the opening ceremony.They had better not be late.
