1、the Present Perfect Tense现在完成时现在完成时概念概念一一.基本结构：基本结构：用法用法2：二、用法二、用法1：标志词：标志词：标志词：标志词：表示表示过去发生或已经完成的某一动作过去发生或已经完成的某一动作对现在造成的影响或结果。对现在造成的影响或结果。already,yet,just,ever,never,before过去已经开始，持续到现在的动过去已经开始，持续到现在的动作或状态。作或状态。for,since,sinceago助动词助动词have(has)+动词的过去分词动词的过去分词注：注：has 用于第三人称单数，用于第三人称单数，have 用于其他所有用于其
2、他所有人称。人称。eg.I have never heard of that before.Have you ever ridden a horse?She has already finished the work.Have you milked the cow yet?Yes,I have done that already Ive just lost my math book.过去分词过去分词1.规则变化与过去式相同规则变化与过去式相同;（1.）在词尾加）在词尾加-ed（2.）以）以e结尾的加结尾的加-d (3.)重读闭音节双写词尾加重读闭音节双写词尾加ed（4.）辅音字母加）辅音字母加
3、y结尾的变结尾的变y为为i加加-ed；元音字；元音字母加母加y结尾的直接加结尾的直接加-ed2.不规则变化比较多不规则变化比较多,如如:一、AAA型（原形原形原形）（8）原形原形 过去式过去式 过去分词过去分词 汉语意思汉语意思read readread读cutcutcut切，割,letletlet让，允许putputput放cost costcost花费，值hithithit撞，击shut shutshut关门，窗等hurt hurthurt使伤痛二、ABA型（原形过去式原形）(3)原形原形过去式过去式过去分词过去分词汉语意思汉语意思becomebecamebecome成为comecamec
4、ome来runranrun跑三、ABC型 1.ow ew own（5）原形原形过去式过去式过去分词过去分词汉语意思汉语意思blowblewblown吹drawdrewdrawn画growgrewgrown生长knowknewknown 知道；了解flyflewflown飞2.ia u（5）原形原形过去式过去式过去分词过去分词汉语意思汉语意思beginbeganbegun开始drinkdrankdrunk喝singsangsung唱swimswamswum游泳ringrangrung打电话3.原形过去式过去式+(e)n（8）原形原形过去式过去式 过去分词过去分词汉语意思汉语意思bearboreb
5、orn出生wearworeworn穿forgetforgot forgotten/forgot忘记getgotgot/gotten得到speakspoke spoken说freezefrozefrozen冻choosechose chosen选择4.原形过去式原形+(e)n（10）原形原形过去式过去式过去分词过去分词汉语意思汉语意思eatateeaten吃givegavegiven给rideroderidden骑drive drovedriven开车；驾驶writewrotewritten写seesawseen看见fallfellfallen落下taketooktaken拿；花费shakesh
6、ookshaken摇晃riseroserisen升起；上升5.无规律（3）原形原形过去式过去式过去分词过去分词 汉语意思汉语意思am/is/arewasbeen是是do/doesdiddone做做gowentgone走走四、ABB型 1.原形ought ought（4）原形原形过去式过去式过去分过去分词词汉语意汉语意思思bringbrought brought 带来buyboughtbought买fightfoughtfought打架thinkthoughtthought思考 2.原形aught aught（2）原形原形过去式过去式过去分过去分词词汉语意汉语意思思catchcaughtcaug
7、ht捉;接住teachtaughttaught教 3.变其中一个元音字母（7）原形原形过去式过去式过去分词过去分词 汉语意思汉语意思feedfedfed喂meetmetmet遇见holdheldheld拥有babysitbabysatbabysat临时照看sitsatsat坐winwonwon赢findfoundfound发现4.原形ltlt（5）原形原形过去式过去式过去分词过去分词 汉语意思汉语意思feelfeltfelt感到keepkeptkept保持sleepsleptslept睡sweepsweptswept扫leaveleftleft离开5.变其中一个辅音字母（7）原形原形过去式过去
8、式过去分词过去分词汉语意思汉语意思buildbuiltbuilt建造建造hearheardheard听见听见makemademade制造制造meanmeantmeant意思意思sendsentsent送送spendspentspent花费花费lendlentlent借给（出）借给（出）原形原形(9)过去式过去式过去分词过去分词汉语意思汉语意思have/hashadhad有loselostlost丢失laylaidlaid下蛋paypaidpaid付钱saysaidsaid说sellsoldsold卖telltoldtold告诉standstoodstood站understand underst
9、ood understood理解,明白五、有两种形式的（8）原形原形过去式过去式过去分词过去分词汉语意思汉语意思hanghangedhanged吊死hunghung挂learnlearnedlearned学learntlearntlieliedlied说谎laylain躺spellspelledspelled拼写speltspelt burnburned burned烧burntburntsmellsmelledsmelled闻smeltsmeltdreamdreamed dreamed做梦dreamtdreamtlightlitlit点燃lightedlighted六.AAB型（1）原形原形
10、过去式过去式过去分词过去分词汉语意思汉语意思beatbeatbeaten打败七、情态动词原形原形过去式过去式过去分词过去分词汉语意思汉语意思cancould能maymight也许must必须shallshould将要willwould会1The room is cold.Who（open）the window？2 He_go）to the cinema.3 _you_（put）away my dictionary?4.We_(not finish)the work yet.5.I_(see)the play.I _(see)it last month with my sister.6.I am
11、 not hungry.I _just_(have)my dinner.7.Dont worry.The train_(arrive)yet.用法一用法一1.我已经看过这部电影。我已经看过这部电影。I already the film.haveseen2.你已经浇过花了吗？你已经浇过花了吗？you the flowers yet?Havewatered3.他刚刚完成了家庭作业。他刚刚完成了家庭作业。He just his homework.hasfinished4.我们曾经去过五仙山。我们曾经去过五仙山。We ever to the Wuxian Hills.havebeen5.李雷从不抽烟。
12、李雷从不抽烟。Lilei never .hassmoked一一、当有一个表示过去某一特定时间的状语时，不用、当有一个表示过去某一特定时间的状语时，不用现在完成时，而用一般过去时现在完成时，而用一般过去时:yesterday(昨天昨天),just now(刚才刚才)，an hour ago（一个小时前）（一个小时前）,last year(去年去年);etc.如：如：We finished our work last week.The plane took off ten minutes ago.2.飞机十分钟前起飞了。飞机十分钟前起飞了。1.我们上周完成了我们的工作。我们上周完成了我们的工作。T
13、hey went swimming yesterday.3.昨天，她们去游泳了。昨天，她们去游泳了。比较比较1练习练习 11.他去过两次泸州。他去过两次泸州。2.他们去了办公室，将很快回来。他们去了办公室，将很快回来。3.他在中国四年了。他在中国四年了。He _ _ _ Luzhou _.has beentotwiceThey _ _ _ the office.They _ _ back soon.havegonetowillcomeHe _ _ _China _ four years.hasbeeninfor4.自从两年前以来，我就买了这块手表。自从两年前以来，我就买了这块手表。I _ _
14、the watch _ two years _.havehadsinceago5.他已经离开一小时了。他已经离开一小时了。He _ _ _ _ an hour.hasbeen awayfor用法二用法二1.我学习英语达到我学习英语达到3年了。年了。I English for 3 years.havelearned2.自从自从9点钟以来，我们就在这儿等他。点钟以来，我们就在这儿等他。We for him since 9:00.havewaitedWe for him since 9:00.havewaitingbeenI English for 3 years.havebeenlearning3
15、.自从两周前以来，他就在练习打篮球。自从两周前以来，他就在练习打篮球。He basketball since 2 weeks ago.haspracticed4.自从自从Lucy来中国以来，她就结交了许多朋友。来中国以来，她就结交了许多朋友。She many friends since Lucy came to China.hasmade用法二用法二一段时间的表达方法有两种一段时间的表达方法有两种:1.for+一段时间，如：达到一段时间，如：达到3年年for 3 years2.since+过去的某一时刻过去的某一时刻,如：自从上周以来如：自从上周以来since last weeksince L
16、ucy came to Chinasince+一般过去时态的从句一般过去时态的从句,如：自从如：自从Lucy来中国以来来中国以来注意注意:for 和和since 所引导的时间状语都表示一段时间，对所引导的时间状语都表示一段时间，对它们提问都用短语：它们提问都用短语：如：如：How longI have studied English for 3 years.(对划线部分提问对划线部分提问)have you studied English?longHow动词转换动词转换结束性动词不能和表示一段时间的时间状语连用结束性动词不能和表示一段时间的时间状语连用,但是但是可以转换成相应的延续性动词或短语。
17、如：可以转换成相应的延续性动词或短语。如：buy-,borrow-,leave-,come-,begin-,die-,join-.1.他来中国半年了。他来中国半年了。He comes China for half a year.改为：改为：。havekeep2.李雷买这本字典李雷买这本字典3天了。天了。Li Lei has bought a dictionary for 3years.改为：改为：。be awaybe inbe onbe deadbe a member ofhas been inhad3.他的爷爷去世他的爷爷去世3年了。年了。His grandpa has died for 3
18、 years.改：改：。been dead比较比较2二、现在完成进行时态，如：二、现在完成进行时态，如：三、过去完成时态，如：三、过去完成时态，如：1.当我赶到车站时，公共汽车已经开走了。当我赶到车站时，公共汽车已经开走了。When I hurried to the bus stop,the bus had already left.2.当我醒来时，妈妈已经上班去了。当我醒来时，妈妈已经上班去了。When I wake up,mother had already gone to work.1.我学习英语达到我学习英语达到3年了。年了。I English for 3 years.havebeen
19、learning2.自从自从9点钟以来，我们就在这儿等他。点钟以来，我们就在这儿等他。We for him since 9:00.havewaitedWe for him since 9:00.havewaitingbeen练习练习1 2 3 41.A:I my purse.(lose)B:What a pity.When you it?(lose)A:I it this morning.(lose)练习练习 2havelostdidloselost2.A:I have watched the game.B:When _ you _ it?A.have watched B.do watch C
20、.did watch3.A:Ann has gone to Shanghai.B:So her parents.（填词）（填词）4.Youve never seen such a wonderful film before,?A.havent you B.have you C.do youhaveBC1.Mr.Green _ in China since five years ago.A.lived B.has lived C.lives2.His grandma _ for two years.A.died B.has been dead C.has died3.A:Where is Han
21、 Mei now?B:She _ to Shanghai.She will be back in two days.A.has gone B.has been C goes4.A:to the United Stated?（填词）（填词）B:No,never,but I went to Canada a few years ago5.You havent changed your mind,_?A.do you B.are you C.have you练习练习 3Have you beenBBAC1.How long have you _ the football team of the sc
22、hool?A.been on B.been C.joined D.played2.-Where have you _ these days?-I have _ to Beijing with my friends.A.been,gone B.been,been C.gone,been D.gone,gone3.How long have you _ this book?A.bought B.borrowed C.had D.lent4.Excuse me,_ you seen the film yet?-Yes,I _ it last night.A.have,see B.have,have
23、seen C.have,seen D.have,saw5.He has never ridden a horse before,_?A.is he B.isnt C.hasnt D.has he练习练习 4ABBDD中考中考98 99 00 0102 03 04 05中考：中考：98级级1.I have posted a letter to my penfriend in America .A.already B.yet C.for two days2.You have never heard such a story,you?A.havent B.dont C.haveAC中考：中考：99级
24、级1.His grandma for many years.A.died B.has died C.has been deadC中考：中考：00级级1.Have you ever eat fish?Yes,I have.A B C D 改错：改错：.B改为改为 eaten中考：中考：01级级19.Wang Hais been to Shanghai,and so _ his sister.A.is B.was C.has D.does25.Jack has a watch.He _ it for two years.A.has had B.has bought C.got D.boughtCA
25、37.How many English words _ you _ since you came to our school?A.have,learned B.do,learn C.will,learn D.did,learn87.他们已经派人去请医生了。他们已经派人去请医生了。They _ _ _ _ a doctor.A Ahavealreadysentfor34.Our English teacher isnt here.She has _ Shanghai.A.been B.gone C.been to D.gone to103.We have learned English for
26、three years.(对划线部分提问对划线部分提问)_ _ _ you _ English?108.从两年前起他就在这儿。从两年前起他就在这儿。He _ _ _ since two years _.DHowlonghavelearnedhasbeenhereago中考：中考：02级级中考：中考：03级级C24.I my grandmother since two years ago.A.dont see B.see C.havent seen D.saw29.How long _ you _ here since you came to China?A.did,live B.do,live
27、 C.have,lived D.will,live107.Anns already read this story-book.(改为否定句改为否定句)Ann _ read this story-book _ .120.Miss White went to tell Jim to put his heart into the lesson.Jims face went red.From then on Jim has /looked out of the window.(看图完成短文看图完成短文)Chasntyetnever not中考：中考：04级级中考：中考：05级级五、完成对话（每空一词，
28、每小题五、完成对话（每空一词，每小题1.5分）分）A:Good morning,doctor.B:Good morning.Whats 66 with you,boy?A:I have had a headache and a 67 .Im feeling weak now.B:How 68 have you been like this?A:Ever 69 last week.B:Have you 70 your temperature?A:Yes,my mother did.She said it was not very high.66.67.68.69.70.wrongfever/coughlongsincetakenThank you!
