1、高三英语时态讲座高三英语时态讲座平罗中学平罗中学 孙会清孙会清2011.10一般现在时 (The Present Indefinite Tense)现在进行时 (The Present Continuous Tense)一般将来时 (The Future Indefinite Tense)现在完成时 (The Present Perfect Tense)一般过去时 (The Past Indefinite Tense)过去进行时 (The Past Continuous Tense)过去将来时 (The Past Future Tense)过去完成时 (The Past Perfect Ten
2、se)(一般现在时)(现在进行时)(现在完成时)（过去进行时）Make out what tenses they are.(过去完成时)（过去将来时）(一般将来时)（一般过去时）Now lets analyze each tense.一、一般现在时一、一般现在时(The Present Indefinite Tense)1、用法:（1）表示经常反复发生的动作Father often _(go)to work on foot.goes（2）表示现在的状态或主语的特征He _(be)busy at the moment.is（3）表示客观真理、谚语等Trains _(run)faster than
3、 cars.run（4）用于时间或条件状语从句中，一般现在时代替一般将来时。We will go to the park if it _(not rain)tomorrow.We will leave for home as soon as the meeting _(be)over tomorrow.2、句子基本结构：肯定句：S(主语)+动词原形动词原形+否定句:S+dont/doesnt+动词原形+疑问句：Do/does+S+动词原形+?doesnt rainis3、常与下列时间状语连用:通常与表示频度（即动作发生的次数多少）意义的副词或词组连用.For example:always,of
4、ten,usually,seldom,never,every day,from time to time,now and then（偶而）,once a month,twice a year,at the moment,generally,etc二、现在进行时现在进行时(The Present Continuous Tense)1、用法：、用法：（1）表示说话时正在进行的动作。）表示说话时正在进行的动作。The dog _(run)after a cat now.is running（2）表示一阶段正在进行的动作（但说）表示一阶段正在进行的动作（但说话时不一定进行）话时不一定进行）They_(
5、build)the restaurant these days.are building2、常用时间状语：、常用时间状语：now,at the moment,these years,etc.3、句子基本结构：肯定句：S+am/is/are+动词现在分词doing+否定句：S+am/is/are+not+动词现在分词doing+疑问句：Am/is/are+S+动词现在分词doing+?4、须注意的问题：某些表示感官知觉与心理状态的动词一般不用现在进行时，而用一般现在时。For example:see,hear,smell,taste,think,like,hate,want,know,have,
6、wish,etc.He wants to visit his grandfather now.三、一般将来时一般将来时(The Future Indefinite Tense)1、用法、用法：表示将来某个时刻将要发生的动作或存在的状态。They _(fly)to Japan the day after tomorrow.will fly2、常与下列时间状语连用：tomorrow,the day after tomorrow,next week,next year,this week,this coming Saturday,tonight,in an hour,soon,etc.3、句子基本结
7、构：肯定句：S+will/be going to+动词原形+否定句:S+will/be going to+not+动词原形+疑问句:will/+S+动词原形?Am/Is/Are+S+going to+动词原形?be going to 结构表示事先打算，有意图要发生的动作或客观情况下即将要发生的动作。For example:Look at the clouds.It is going to rain.(1)Miss Green _(come)to the party next Sunday.is coming(2)Look!The old man _(die).We must send him
8、to the hospital at once.is dying4、须注意的问题：有些表示位置移动或状态改变的动词（go,come,leave,arrive,die 等等）,可以用它们的进行时来表示即将发生的动作。四、现在完成时现在完成时 (The Present Perfect Tense)1、用法：1)表示过去发生的动作对现在造成的影响或结果(1)They_(buy)a new house.（影响是他们有新房子住了）have bought(2)She_(lose)her ring.（影响是她现在没有戒子）has lost2)表示过去开始并持续到现在的动作或状态,常与“for+时间段”或“s
9、ince+时间点或从句”连用。have learned(2)They_(stay)in this hotel since last Tuesday.have stayed(1)We_(learn)English for seven years.2、常与这些时间状语连用:already,never,ever,yet,before,twice,this month,so far,up to now,in the past/last few years,since,for,etc.肯定句:S+have/has+动词过去分词done+否定句:S+havent/hasnt+动词过去分词done+疑问句:
10、Have/has+S+动词过去分词done+3、句子基本结构：4、注意的问题:1）have/has been to 与have/has gone to 区别:have/has been to 表示“曾到过某地”，说明有过某种经历。Have/has gone to 表示“已去某地”，在途中或已到目的地。(1)She _Qindao（她已去青岛了）has gone to(2)I _Canada（我去过加拿大）have been to2）瞬间动词与延续性动词的区别：瞬问动词表示短暂不能持续一段时间的动作。如come,go,leave,start,begin,buy,become,die等 而持续性动
11、词表示能持续一段时间的动作。如work,stay,live,learn 等Tell the following sentences true or false.(1)I have bought the calculator for a week.()(2)I have had the calculator for a week.()FT 第一句动词buy 属于瞬间动词，瞬间动词不能与“for+时间段”、“since+时间点或从句”连用，如果要用，必须将瞬间动词改成持续性动词。leave die buy put on borrow becomebe away be dead have wear
12、keep be ajoin the army fall ill catch a cold go outbe in the army be ill have a cold be outfinish/end arrive here begin/startbe over be here be on3）since引导的时间状语从句中谓语动词通常用一般过去时，主句用现在完成时。We_(stay)in this school since we _(come)to the city.have stayedcame4）句型：It is+时间段+since+瞬间动词过去式，自从It is six weeks s
13、ince they came here.5）现在完成时与一般过去时区别:一般过去时表示过去的动作和状态，和现在不发生联系,着眼于过去,属于过去时态范畴,一般过去时与过去时间状语连用。现在完成时尽管动作也发生在过去，但强调对现在的影响与结果，着眼于现在，属于现在时态范畴，现在完成时与表示到现在为止的时间状语连用。五、一般过去时一般过去时(The Past Indefinite Tense)1、用法：1）表示过去发生的动作或存在的状态。(1)I _(go)to visit a friend of mine yesterday afternoon.went(2)He_(be)a soldier th
14、ree years ago.was2）表示过去经常反复发生的动作。She often_(ride)a bike for half an hour every morning when she was young.rode She used to ride a bike for half an hour every morning when she was young.yesterday,last week,just now,two weeks ago,in 1956,once,once upon a time,a moment ago,etc.2、常与下列时间状语连用:3、句子基本结构：肯定句
15、：S+动词过去式+或 S+was/were+否定句：S+didnt+动词原形+或 S+wasnt/werent+疑问句：Did+S+动词原形+?或Was/Were+S+?4、注意的问题：1)有时句中虽没有表示确定的过去时间状语，但根据实际语言意境可判断动作或状态是过去发生的。(2)I _(forget)to bring my calculator with me.forgot2）描写已故之人的动作或状态均需用一般过去时。Mark Twain _(write)a lot of short stories in his life.wroteWe _(have)a meeting the whole
16、 morning yesterday.were having六、过去进行时过去进行时 (The Past Continuous Tense)1、用法：1）表示过去某一时刻正在进行的动作。He _(walk)down the street this time yesterday.was walking2）表示过去某一时间内正进行的动作。3）用在用在 when,while引导的时间状语从句中。引导的时间状语从句中。When I _(read)an English book,he cameto see me.was readingMy mother came bake while I_(do)my
17、homework.was doing3、句子基本结构：肯定句:S+was/were+动词现在分词+否定句:S+wasnt/werent+动词现在分词+疑问句:Was/Were+S+动词现在分词+2、(1)常与 at that time,this time yesterday,at eight yesterday evening,from eight to ten 等短语连用。七、过去将来时过去将来时 (The Past Future Tense)1、用法：表示从过去的某一时候来看将要发生的动作或存在的状态。(1)Mother promised that she_(take)me to the
18、park this Sunday.would take(2)Coke said that he_(make)a trip to the seaside next Tuesday.was going to make 2、常带the next week/day,the following week/month 等时间状语，多用在宾语从句中。2、句子基本结构：肯定句:S+would+动词原形+或 S+was/were going to+动词原形+否定句:S+wouldnt+动词原形+或S+wasnt/werent going to+动词原形+疑问句:Would+S+动词原形+或 Was/Were+S
19、+going to+动词原形+八、过去完成时过去完成时 (The Past Perfect Tense)1、用法：表示1）到过去某一时刻形成的影响或结果。2）在过去某一时间或动作之前已经发生或完成了的动作，可以用五个字简单概括为“过去的过去”。(1)By last night we_(get)everything ready for the party.（把一切准备好发生在昨天晚上之前）(2)Before he joined NBA,Yao Ming_ (play)for a basketball team in Shanghai for several years.（在上海篮球队打球发生在参
20、加NBA之前）had gothad played2、常与by the end of,before,after 等构成的短语和与when,before,after 等引导的时间从句连用，还可用 在宾语从句中。1.Water_(freeze)at the temperature 0.freezes Complete and analyze the following examples.2.Its late at night.Dad _still _(work)hard to find a solution.is working 3.The worlds first great nurse Nigh
21、tingales birthday _(become)International Nurses Day in 1974.became4.What_ you_(do)when I called you yesterday evening?weredoing5.The headmaster told us that we _(build)a computer room next year.would build6.The rain _(stop).Shall we go on with our volleyball match?has stopped7.I have no idea if she
22、_(come)this afternoon.If she _(come),Ill let you know.will comecomes8.I_(see)Mr.Li yesterday.We_(not see)each other since 2000.sawhadnt seen9.They have told me that he_(buy)a new car next term.will buy10.Mr.Zhang,a famous teacher in Shanghai,_(go)to give lectures in Yunnan last year.He _(stay)there
23、for a term.Yesterday he returned home.He told us that he _(make)quite a few good friends there.The newspaper said more good teachers _(send)to Yunnan sometime next year.wentstayed/had stayedwould be senthad made一、一、Fill in the blanks with the verbs in their proper forms.1.We_(solve)the problems late
24、r on.2.You_(get)wet if you_(go)out without an umbrella.3._(not throw)paper on the ground.4.A:What_you_(do)at the moment?B:I_(go)over my lessons.A:When_ you_(start)going over your lessons?B:An hour ago.5._ you ever_(hear)about the Egyptian Mummy Exhibition at Shanghai Museum?Complete the following ex
25、ercises.will solvewill getgoDont throwaredoingam goingdidstartHaveheard6.Your story_ (sound)interesting.You read a lot,dont you?7.We _(build)ten factories in this small town since 1990.8.The old people and children must _ (take)good care of.9.Mary told the boy_(not take)the magazines out of the read
26、ing room.10.He decided that he_(not say)anything about it.11.The Class Four students_(listen)to a lecture about UFOs this time yesterday.12.As we all know,a lot of changes _ (take place)in our city in the past ten years.soundshave built be takenwould not saywere listeninghave taken placenot to take1
27、3.It_(be)three months since I posted the letter.14.He_(work)in our school for five years before he_(go)to America 15.Englishmen seldom _(talk)in the underground.16.They _(not get)off the bus until the rain stops.17.They couldnt help_(jump)when they heard the good news.is/has beenhad workedwenttalkwo
28、nt getjumping18.Franklin used to _(eat)American food,but now he has been used to _(eat)the food here19.While we _(travel)in Australia last summer,I visited Lucy who once taught English in our school.20.The Conference on Scaling Up Poverty Reduction(扶贫大会)_(hold)in Shanghai in May,2004.21.The Shanghai
29、 Radio and TV Tower _(lie)in Pudong New District.eateatingwere travellingwas heldlies22.Last Saturday we_(climb)Mount Tai to watch the sunrise.When we got to the top,the sun_(rise).What a shame!There we_(tell)to be earlier the next time.climbedhad risenwere told二、Choose the best answer1.Hes never be
30、en to England,_?A.is he B.isnt he C.has he D.hasnt he2.The poor man_in bed up to now.He has no money to see a doctor.A.had laid B.had lain C.has lain D.has laid3.Neither he nor I_ interested in playing video games.A.am B.is C.are D./4.You_worry about your son.He will be well soon.A.neednt to B.need
31、to C.dont need D.dont need to5.Internet bars mustnt let people under 18 in or let anybody_bad things.A.watch B.to watch C.watching D.watchesCCADA6.Some passengers were walking through one of the big halls at Paris Charles De Gaulle Airport_ the whole roof fell down.A.while B.as soon as C.when D.afte
32、r7.A:Would you mind telling me_recently?B:Of course not.A.where did he live B.where does he live C.where he lives D.where he lived8.I wonder if you_(go)there by bus or by train tomorrow.A.would go B.will go C.goes D.goCCB三、三、Correct the mistakes.(There is only one mistake in each sentence)1.Mr Smith
33、 doesnt be in now.He has gone to New York.2.The teacher said that the earth went around the sun.3.The boy is very sad now because he had just lost his new bike.4.By the time she was fifteen,She started to teach herself computer science.doesnt be _isntwent_ goeshad_hasstarted_ had started 5.You shoul
34、d apologized to him.6.Plastics are used to making many things.7.The old man has died for several years.8.I said I would show him the picture when I finish it.9.His job at the moment is organize the school sports meetingdied_been deadfinish_finishedorganize_to organizeapologized_ apologizeto making_t
35、o make10.Bob as well as his friends do some reading every morning.11.They invited to take part in Miss Lis birthday party last Sunday.12.Jessica prefered milk to tea three years ago.13.Im sorry I didnt hear you because I am listening to music.prefered_preferredinvited_were inviteddo_doesam_was14.Whi
36、le they had supper,all the lights went out.15.Scientists has studied the global warming for several years.They are working hard to find a solution.16.The professor usually goes to see a film on Sundays when he was young.17.Im looking forward to receive your letter.18.Yesterday afternoon I happened t
37、o meet my old friend.We have been away from each other for about ten years.goes_wenthave_hadhad_were havinghas_haveto receive_receiving四四、Fill in the blanks with the verbs in the box in their proper forms.(not smoke,hold,remember,see,operate,watch)1.He didnt go to the cinema because he _ the film tw
38、ice.2.Jack was asked _cigarettes on the bus.3.He still_ riding a bicycle in the street for the first time now.4.The hall is big enough _2,000 people.5.The doctor said that the old woman had to _ on immediately.6.You had better finish your homework before _TV.had seennot to smokeremembers to holdbe o
39、peratedwatching (Kid,not meet,help,hear,not see,go)Mr.Baker and Mr.Smith work in the same university.They are good teachers and their students like them very much.They often _ each other when either of them gets in trouble.One day Mr.Smith was very tired,so when he went home he told his new servant,
40、“Im busy this afternoon.I _ anybody.”Just then Mr.Baker went to his friend for help.He knocked at the door.The servant went to answer the door.She didnt know Mr.Baker and told him that Mr.Smith _ anyone that afternoon.helpwont seewould not meetSeveral days later Mr.Smith went to Mr.Baker to ask for advice.But his friend said inside the door,“Sorry,Mr.Baker _just _out.”“_ you_,Mr.Baker?”said Mr.Smith.“I _ its you speaking there.”Mr.Baker opened the door and said,“I could believe your servant,Mr.Smith.Why dont you believe me?”hasgoneArekiddinghave heard
