1、 - 1 - Unit 4Unit 4 Wildlife protectionWildlife protection .阅读理解 A A 2020 山 西 六 校 第 二 次 阶 段 性 测 试 Sleeping in a noisy room isnt only distracting(使人分心的), and it can also harm your health. Although researchers have known for decades that longterm loud noises can harm us, its only recently become recog
2、nized as a widespread issue. In a new review of previously published studies, researchers from Germany and Denmark took a look at the ways in which noises, such as an airplane passing by or jackhammer digging in the ground, can affect our hearts. Perhaps the most obvious impact of a loud sound while
3、 you are sleeping is that it can wake you up. But, even if you dont remember hearing the noise or you dont physically get out of bed, it can disrupt you in ways you may not realize. “Noise is not just causing annoyance, but it actually makes us sick，” said Dr. Thomas Mnzel, a professor at Johannes G
4、utenberg University Mainz. “Regardless of where the sound is coming from, if it gets louder than 60 decibels(分贝), it can increase the risk of heart disease.” When our body hears these noises, it reacts with a stress reaction. In this case, these sudden and unexpected noises cause hormones(荷尔蒙) to sp
5、eed up and eventually damage the heart. Although the chance that a single noise will affect you is unlikely, its the constant exposure to the sound that can eventually affect you. “But our heart health isnt the only cause for concern. Longterm noise may also raise the risk of type 2 diabetes, depres
6、sion, and anxiety disorders，” he warns. In the future，Mnzel plans to examine how noises from cars, planes, and other vehicles affect the brain. But despite the amount or the depth of research he conducts, itll take the help of politicians to improve the impact of noise on our health. “Politicians ha
7、ve to take into account, in particular, the new findings，” Mnzel said.“With respect to aircraft noise and airports, it is important to make new laws and set new lower noise limits that protect people living close by the airport instead of the owners of the airport.” 1What do researchers from Germany
8、 and Denmark find? ANoise does little harm to people who are asleep. - 2 - BNoise can cause peoples memory to get worse sharply. CNoise has been a widespread concern for a long time. DNoise louder than 60 decibels may cause heart disease. 2Which word can replace the underlined word “disrupt” in para
9、graph 2? ADefeat. BHarm. CAffect. DDiscourage. 3What can we infer from the last two paragraphs? APoliticians should take action to handle noise pollution. BMnzel will continue other studies on brain diseases. CBenefits of airport owners are more important than health. DAttention should be paid to he
10、art health and other diseases. 4Which can be the best title for the text? AWho Is to Blame for Noise Pollution BWhat Should Be Done to Stop Noise CHow Mnzel Carried Out His Research DHow Noise Pollution Harms Our Body B B 2020陕西省部分学校第一学期摸底检测A biologist once criticized for stealing eggs from the nest
11、s of the rarest bird in the world has been awarded the “Nobel Prize” of conservation after his methods saved nine species from extinction. Professor Carl Jones won the 2016 Indianapolis Prize the highest accolade in the field of animal conservation for his 40 years of work in Mauritius, where he sav
12、ed an endangered kestrel (红隼) from becoming the next Great Auk. When the 65yearold first travelled to the east African island in the 1970s, he was told to close down a project to save the Mauritius kestrel. At the time there were just four left in the wild, making it the rarest bird on Earth. Howeve
13、r, he stayed, using the techniques of captive breeding (人工繁殖), which involved snatching eggs from the birds nests and hatching them under incubators(孵化器), prompting the mothers to lay another set of eggs in the wild. A decade later, the number of Mauritius kestrels had soared to over 300 and today t
14、here are around 400 in the wild. The biologist has also made an effort to bring other rare species back from the edge of extinction, including the pink pigeon, echo parakeet and Rodrigues warbler. Prof Jones was awarded the $250,000 prize at a ceremony in London. - 3 - “As a young man in my 20s, I c
15、ertainly didnt enjoy the stress and the tension of the criticism I received.” Reflecting on the start of his career, he said the Mauritius kestrel project had been seen as a “dead loss” at the time. In the 1970s there was fierce opposition to the captive breeding techniques, with critics arguing tha
16、t they were too risky and took the emphasis off breeding in the wild. Prof Jones has devoted his whole life to his work, only becoming a father for the first time at 53. He said receiving the prize was particularly important to him, because it proved that his work to save birds was right. 5What does
17、 the underlined word “accolade” mean in Paragraph 2? AReturn. BLevel. CHonor. DResearch. 6According to the passage, Great Auk is _. Aan endangered bird Ban extinct bird Ca popular bird Da fierce bird 7What can we know from the figures in Paragraph 4? ATaking eggs from the nests has worked well. BThe
18、 wild environment for kestrel has changed a lot. CKestrel has adapted to the life in the wild. DIts difficult to protect kestrel. 8Prof Jones idea of taking eggs from the birds nests _. A. was proved of no use Bwas widely accepted Cwas promoted officially Dwas criticized by some people .完形填空 2020潍坊市
19、统一考试Sitting at a table in my school cafeteria, I looked around, slowly taking in everything. For the first time in my life, I _1_ that I had been seeing without really seeing for the past two years. Student after student passed my _2_ carrying that days lunch, but if you looked deeper, there was mor
20、e to _3_. There was more than just the uniform they were wearing, or the way they had styled their _4_ that day. There was a lot more hidden under the _5_. Catching the eye of a girl in my grade sitting at a nearby table, I _6_ politely. She smiled _7_ and then continued to pick at the spaghetti in
21、front - 4 - of her. If I hadnt _8_ recently that her mother was dying of leukemia, I would have never _9_ anything was wrong and I may not have been as _10_ and sympathetic, either. It suddenly _11_ me that we judge others too quickly without knowing the whole story. I realized that everyone may hav
22、e something _12_ they are facing in their lives. I have an incurable lung disease. No one at our school knows I dont show any noticeable _13_ except for a few coughs here and there. I go about my day like any other kid, _14_ with the realization that I have a _15_ and terrifying future. Before that
23、day when I decided to _16_ the world with a new perspective, I _17_ myself almost every day. I thought only about myself and my heavy _18_. But Ive now realized that I am not the only one _19_： everyone has their own mountain to face. No one is _20_ we just need to accept the way we are. 1A.promised
24、 Brealized Cpretended Djoked 2A.order Broom Ctable Dcafeteria 3A.observe Bimagine Ccompare Dexchange 4A.diet Bclothing Cbicycle Dhair 5A.surface Buniform Crules Dcircumstances 6A.said Bmoved Cwaved Dbowed 7A.casually Bweakly Chappily Dimpatiently 8A.found Bnoticed Cheard Ddecided 9A.suspected Bremem
25、bered Cpredicted Dregretted 10A.outstanding Bwilling Cdemanding Dunderstanding 11A.escaped Bsatisfied - 5 - Chit Dattracted 12A.extra Bvaluable Ccommon Dtough 13A.symptoms Bdiseases Ccomplaints Dweaknesses 14A.and Bbut Cor Dso 15A.bright Bdark Creal Dserious 16A.change Bcreate Cview Dtolerate 17A.pi
26、tied Bforgave Cchallenged Dencouraged 18A.debt Breward Cburden Dworkload 19A.blessed Bfavored Claughing Dsuffering 20A.changeable Bperfect Cunique Ddifferent .短文改错 2020合肥市高三第三次教学质量检测Last summer vacation, I worked as a volunteer in the Wolong China Giant Panda Garden in Sichuan, where I stay for two
27、weeks. That I needed to do was to clean the pandas houses, feed the pandas or make food for them. One male panda I took care was named Jingjing. She was one of the most interested pandas in the Garden. Normally, the panda is a shy creature, not used to be in contact with other animals, particularly
28、humans, but Jingjing seemed very differently. He often reached out one of his foot to greet me and smiled at me. Sometimes he tried to make me to laugh. 课时作课时作业业( (九九) ) .阅读理解 A A 体裁：说明文 题材：科学研究 主题：噪声的危害 - 6 - 【语篇解读】 本文讲述了德国和丹麦的研究人员研究噪声对人们健康产生的影响，呼 吁政治家们关注噪声污染并采取措施解决噪声污染。 1D 考查细节理解。根据第三段最后一句“Regardl
29、ess of where the sound is coming from, if it gets louder than 60 decibels(分贝), it can increase the risk of heart disease”可知，答案为 D。 2B 考查词义猜测。根据第二段中的“But, even if you dont remember hearing the noise or you dont physically get out of bed，it can disrupt you in ways you may not realize”可知，但是，即使你忘记曾听到这样的
30、噪声或者你并没有起床，噪声仍然以你察 觉不到的方式对你造成伤害，故选 B 项。defeat“打败，击败”；affect“影响”； discourage“阻止；使气馁”。 3A 考查推理判断。根据最后一段“Politicians have to take into account， in particular，the new findings， Mnzel said. With respect to aircraft noise and airports, it is important to make new laws and set new lower noise limits that p
31、rotect people living close by the airport instead of the owners of the airport.” 可知，政治家们必须考虑到这些调查结果。至于飞机噪声和机场，重要的是制定新的法规和 设置更低噪声的限度来保护机场附近的居民而不是保护机场所有者的利益，故答案为 A 项。 4D 考查主旨大意。本文着重讲述了德国和丹麦的研究人员对于噪声如何影响人们的 心脏进行了研究。听见噪声的时候，我们的身体会产生应激反应。在这种情况下，出乎意料 的噪声会导致荷尔蒙分泌加快，最终损害心脏，故答案为 D 项。A、B、C 项都是属于文中的细 节内容，不能概括全
32、文的中心思想。 B B 体裁：说明文 主题语境：人与自然动物保护用人工繁殖的方法救助濒危鸟类 【语篇解读】 卡尔琼斯教授因偷稀缺鸟类的蛋而被指责，后在保护动物领域被授予 诺贝尔奖，他用自己的方法挽救了九种濒危物种。 5C 考查词义猜测。根据画线词前的“won the 2016 Indianapolis Prize”并结合 语境可推知，画线词意为“荣誉”。 6B 考查推理判断。根据第二段中的“he saved an endangered kestrel(红隼) from becoming the next Great Auk”可推知，Great Auk 是一种已灭绝的鸟。 7A 考查推理判断。根
33、据第三段最后两句以及第四段第一句“A decade later, the number of Mauritius kestrels had soared to over 300 and today there are around 400 in the wild”可知，当时野生毛里求斯红隼只剩 4 只，琼斯教授采用人工繁殖的方法来救助 毛里求斯红隼。10 年后，毛里求斯红隼的数量飙升到 300 多只，如今野生红隼约有 400 只。 由此可推知，从鸟巢中拿出鸟蛋的方法效果很好。 8D 考查细节理解。根据倒数第二段中的“dead loss”“In the 1970s there was - 7 -
34、 fierce opposition to the captive breeding techniques. in the wild”可知，琼斯教 授从鸟巢中拿出鸟蛋来进行人工繁殖的方法受到了一些人的批评。 .完形填空 体裁：夹叙夹议文 题材：人与生活 主题：正常看待生活中的不幸 【语篇解读】 本文主要讲述了作者观察生活而进行反思的故事，启迪读者要正确看待 生活中的不幸。 1B 根据上文中的“I looked around, slowly taking in everything”及“For the first time in my life”可推知，作者意识到(realized)了些什么，故
35、选 B。下文中的 “realized”也是提示。 2C 与上文“Sitting at a table in my school cafeteria”呼应可知，此处指的 是学生们路过作者所坐的餐桌(table)，故选 C。 3A 与上文中的“but if you looked deeper”呼应可推知，此处表示作者认为有更 多有待观察(observe)的东西。 4D 根据上文中的“the uniform they were wearing, or the way they had styled their”可推知，此处表示学生们的发型，故选 D。 5 A 根据常识可知， 学生的制服和发型都是外在
36、的东西， 且空处与下文中的“we judge others too quickly without knowing the whole story”呼应，故选 A。 6C 根据下文中的“She smiled”可推知，作者跟一个女孩打了招呼，对方以微笑回 应。 7B 与下文“her mother was dying of leukemia”呼应可推知，女孩因为母亲病重 而勉强地(weakly)对作者笑了笑。 8C 根据语境可推知，作者听说(heard)了这个女孩家里的不幸。 9A 根据语境可推知，作者本不会觉得(suspected)有什么不正常的。 10 D 与下文中的“sympathetic”
37、呼应可推知， 作者对对方表示理解(understanding) 和同情，故选 D。 11C 根据语境可知，此处表示作者突然意识到，我们在不了解事实真相的情况下迅 速对其他人作出评价，故选 C。hit 意为“使突然意识到”。 12D 根据语境可推知，每个人都可能会面临困境，故选 D。 13A 根据语境及下文中的“except for a few coughs”可推知，此处指的是一些不 为人注意的症状(symptoms)。 14B 根据语境可推知，前后两句是逻辑上的转折关系，故选 B。 15B 与语境中的“terrifying”呼应可推知，此处表示因为难以治愈的疾病，作者 的前途变得黑暗(dark
38、)，故选 B。 16C 根据上文中的“looked around”和“looked deeper”可推知，作者一直在观 - 8 - 察生活，而在那天之后作者以一种新角度看待(view)世界，故选 C。 17A 根据语境及下文中的“I thought only about myself and my heavy _18_” 可推知，作者曾经因为自己的病而怜悯自己，故选 A。 18 C 根据语境及空前的“heavy”可推知， 不可治愈的病是作者沉重的负担(burden)， 故选 C。 19D 根据下文中的“everyone has their own mountain to face”可推知，人们
39、都 有要经历的苦难，故选 D。 20B 根据语境可推知，每个人都不尽善尽美，都有自己要应对的困境，我们只需要 接受自己原本的样子，故选 B。 .短文改错 Last summer vacation, I worked as a volunteer in the Wolong China Giant Panda Garden in Sichuan, where I stay stayed for two weeks. That What I needed to do was to clean the pandas houses, feed the pandas or and make food f
40、or them. One male panda I took care of was named Jingjing. She He was one of the most interested interesting pandas in the Garden. Normally, the panda is a shy creature, not used to be being in contact with other animals, particularly humans, but Jingjing seemed very differently different . He often
41、 reached out one of his foot feet to greet me and smiled at me. Sometimes he tried to make me to laugh. stay 改为 stayed。考查动词的时态。根据上文的时间状语“Last summer vacation” 可知，事情发生在过去，应用一般过去时，故用 stayed。 That 改为 what。考查名词性从句。分析句子结构可知，空处引导主语从句，在从句 中作 do 的宾语，表示“的事物”，故用 What。 or 改为 and。考查连词。根据语境可知，给大熊猫喂食和给它们准备食物都是工作的
42、 一部分，并非选择关系，故用连词 and。 care 后加 of。考查介词。此处考查固定词组搭配 take care of“照顾，照料”。 She 改为 He。考查代词。根据上文中的“One male panda”可知，名为 Jingjing 的 大熊猫是雄性，故用人称代词 He。 interested 改为 interesting。考查形容词。此处应用 interesting“有趣的”作定 语修饰名词 pandas。 be 改为 being。考查固定用法。be used to doing sth.意为“习惯做某事”，符合 - 9 - 语境，为固定用法，故用 being。 differently 改为 different。考查形容词。分析句子结构可知，此处应用形容词， 与系动词 seemed 一起构成系表结构，故用 different。 foot 改为 feet。考查名词的单复数。foot 是可数名词，且与“one of”呼应，故此 处应用复数形式。 删除 to。考查固定用法。根据固定用法 make sb.do sth.“使某人做某事”，故删除 to。
