1、第五章第五章 介词介词介词用来表示名词、代词或相当于名词的词、短语和句子与句中其他词的关系。介词是什么?at from behindin place ofincluding你见过的介词有哪些?是什么形式?考点一 at on in during(表示时间)(1)at 用在具体时刻前、用在节假日前、把某一段时间看作某一时刻时也可用at at 7:30 在七点半at National Day 在国庆节at noon 在中午介词的用法考点一 at on in during(表示时间)(2)on 当表示具体的日期、星期几或节日等,在具体的某一天,在具体的某一天的早晨、中午或晚上等,用介词on on Mo
2、nday 在星期一on New Years Day 在元旦on Monday morning 在星期一早上on a cold day 在一个寒冷的日子on the morning of April the first 在四月一日上午介词的用法考点一 at on in during(表示时间)(3)in 当所指时间较长时,用介词in,还可以表示在将来或从现在算起的一段时间之后 in the evening在晚上in Augest 在8月in the future 在将来in three days 三天后介词的用法考点一 at on in during(表示时间)(4)during 除了具有in表
3、示时间段的功能之外,还可指某一项活动过程中 in the evening在晚上=during the night during the fire 在发生火灾期间during the meeting 在开会期间介词的用法例题解析:1.My mother gets up_five oclock every morning to cook breakfast for me.A.on B.at C.in D.for 2.Chinas first Mars rover,Zhurong,touched down on the Red Planet _May 15,2021.A.on B.in C.at D
4、.to 介词的用法例题解析:3.My classmates like to read English novels_ their free time.A.in B.on C.at D.to 4.My brother joined the army_September last year.A.on B.by C.at D.in 介词的用法考点二 for since(表示时间)(1)“for+时间段”表示“(延续)之久”。作现在完成时的状语时表示延续到现在的一段时间;作过去时的状语时表示一段已经终结了的时间;作将来时的状语时表示将要延续的一段时间。They have lived in China
5、for two years.他们在中国已经住了两年。They lived in China for two years.他们在中国住过两年。They will live in China for two years.他们将在中国住上两年。介词的用法考点二 for since(表示时间)(2)“since+时间点”表示“自从以来”,其着眼点是过去某时,即表示自过去某 时延续至今的一段时间,句子常用现在完成时。She has worked here since 1999.自1999年以来,她就在这里工作。We havent seen each other since three years ago
6、.自三年前,我们就没见过彼此。介词的用法例题解析:-Many people have been back to their work_March 5th.-Cities are brought back to life.A.for B.in C.since D.during 介词的用法考点三 before 和 by二者都可表示“在之前”,但by含有“最晚不迟于,到为止”的意思。如果by后是将来的时间,则句子用将来时或将来完成时;如若是过去的时间,则句子用过去完成时。I will be back before supper time.晚饭前我将回来。Supper will be ready by
7、6:00.六点之前晚饭将准备好。This factory had produced more than one million cars by the end of last year.到去年年末,这家工厂已经生产了一百多万辆小汽车。介词的用法考点四 表示地点、方位的介词on 指与物体表面接触,在某物的表面上 They are sitting on the grass.in 暗示在某物里面 There is a hole in the wall.over 强调在某物的正上方且没有接触 The bridge over the river has a long history.介词的用法考点四 表
8、示地点、方位的介词under 强调正下方,是 over的反义词 A cat is sitting under your chair.above 强调在上方,但不一定是正上方,也可表示温度、海拔等刻度 The plane flew above the clouds.The average temperature here in summer is above 30.below 强调在下方,不一定是正下方,也可表示温度、海拔等刻度,是above的反义词 Please write your name below this line.It is 50 meters below the sea leve
9、l.考点四 表示地点、方位的介词in front of 和 in the front of in front of 表示在某一空间外部的前面 in the front of 表示在某一空间内部的前面In front of my home runs a small river.我家前面有一条小河。Mary sits in the front of the classroom.玛丽坐在教室的前面。考点四 表示地点、方位的介词between和amongbetween 一般指两者之间,也可用来指三个或三个以上的人或物的每两个之间;among 用于三个或三个以上的人或物之间或笼统的一群人或物之中。The
10、 house stands between two farms.这座房子位于两个农场之间。The house stands among farms.这座房子位于农场之间。The village lies between three hills.这个村庄坐落于三座山之间。The village lies among hills.这个村庄坐落于群山之间。考点四 表示地点、方位的介词between和among例题解析:Han clothing is becoming more popular_young people.A.over B.among C.bctwecn D.about Music ha
11、s become a bridge_the East and the West.A.in B.at C.among D.between 考点四 表示地点、方位的介词across、through、past和overacross强调穿过某一平面Be careful while walking across the street.过马路时小心点。through强调从某一空间内通过Walk through the gate,and youll see the rest room.past强调从某事物的一旁经过Our bus drove past the Great Hall of the People
12、.我们的公共汽车从人民大会堂旁边开过。考点四 表示地点、方位的介词across、through、past和overover 强调从一边到另一边或越过某一高度。I saw an old man walking over the street and disappearing into the distance.我看到一个老人走过街道消失在远方。The dog jumped over the fence and ran away.狗跳过栅栏跑了。考点四 表示地点、方位的介词例题解析:1.Kate felt excited to see a group of sheep walking_her in
13、to a village in Qinghai.A.over B.past C.across D.through 2.Dont use your mobile phone when you go_the road.Its dangerous.A.through B.over C.into D.across 考点五 表示“用”的介词表示“用”这一意义时,常用介词 with、by、in。with 多指用工具或用身体的部位或器官What can I cut the cake with?我能用什么切蛋糕?You can see it with your own eyes.你可以亲眼看到它。by表示使用
14、的方法、手段Why dont we go there by car instead?in指使用某种语言、工具的具体类型、材料等。in English in pencil特别提示by+表示交通工具的可数名词单数”,其中名词前不加任何修饰语。by bike by bustake/catch/in/on+冠词/名词所有格/形容词性物主代词等+表示交通工具的可数名词单数take/catch a bus in/on a bus in Rosas car by+表示交通线路的名词,其中名词为可数名词单数或不可数名词,且其前无任何修饰语。by air by sea例题解析:In order to prote
15、ct the environment,many people choose to go to work_ subway.A.in B.on C.by D.take考点六 表示“除”的介词but/except(宾语被排除在外)I go to work every day but/except Sunday.except for(从整体中除去一个细节或一个方面)The bus is empty except for two passenger.besides(除之外还)Besides reading,I love listening to music.考点七 介词常见搭配1.Little Simb
16、a went hunting alone.The Lion King walked around,_his safety.A.with the help of B.in fear of C.at the speed of D.on top of 2._our teachers,weve made great progress in the past four years.A.Thanks for B.Thankful to C.Thanks to 考点七 介词常见搭配 thanks to 和 thanks forthanks for强调谢的原因,意思是“为谢”。thanks for your
17、helpthanks to意思是“多亏了”、“由于的帮助”。Thanks to the English language,we can learn a lotfrom other countries.由于英语这门语言,我们能从其它国家学到很多东西。考点七 介词常见搭配3.Football fans are often called the“12th man”bccause of their influence_a team.A.to B.from C.on D.at 4.-How strange!You sit in your room _for a long time,Li Ming.-I just want to be quict for a while.Im sorry,Dad.I failed the test again.A.in silence B.in person C.in public D.in factthank you!