1、-一、 科常用字汇心血管系统 The红斑性狼疮- word.zl-Cardiovascular SystemAcute Myocardial Infarction (AMI) 急 性心机堵塞Electrocardiogram (DCG) 心电图Hypertensive Cardiovascular Disease 高血压性心脏血管疾病Congential Heart Disease 先天性心脏病Hemangioma 血管瘤Vasodilatation 血管扩 Arteriosclerosis 动 脉 硬 化 Hypertension 高 血 压Hypertrophy 肥 大Hypotensio
2、n 低血压Varicose veins 静脉曲血液及淋巴系统 The Hemic and Lymphatic SystemAdenitis 腺 炎Acute Lymphogenous Leukemia 急 性 淋巴球性白血病Leukocyte 白血球Leukocytopenia 白血球减少Systemic Lupus Erythematosus 全 身 性Splenomegaly 脾肿大Anemia 贫血 Aseptic 无菌的 Septicemia 败血症 Hemostasis 止血 Transfusion 输血呼吸系统 The Respiratory System Pulmonary em
3、bolism 肺栓塞Mucosa 黏 膜Exhale 呼吸Apnea 窒息Tachypnea 呼吸急促Pneumonia 肺炎Bronchitis 支气管炎Lung Empyema 肺积脓消化系统 The Digestive System Short of breath 呼吸短促Dysphasia 说话困难Aphasia 失语症Aphonia 失声Dysphagia 吞咽困难Gingivitis 齿龈炎Pharyngitis 咽 炎Laryngitis 喉 炎Esophagoscopy 食道镜检查 Esophagus stricture 食道狭窄 Abdominocentesis 腹部穿刺术
4、Gastric cancer 胃癌 Gastritis 胃 炎 Gastroenteritis 胃 肠 炎Gastrorrhagia 胃出血Pyloric obstruction 幽门阻塞 Duodenal Ulcer 十二指肠溃疡 Peritonitis 腹膜炎Enterorrhagia 肠 出 血 Enterorrhexis 肠破裂Appendicitis 阑尾炎Colon cancer 结肠癌Proctoscopy 直肠镜检查Rectal cancer 直 肠 癌Anal Fistual 肛门廔管External hemorrhoid 外 痔Internal hemorrhoid 痔Ex
5、cretion 排 泄Hepatitis 肝炎Hepatomegaly 肝肿大Gall Stone 胆结石Cholelithiasis 胆石症Liver Cirrhosis 肝硬化Ascites 腹水分泌系统 The Endocrine System Glycemia 糖血症Goiter 甲状腺肿Diabetes Mellitus 糖尿病Diabetes Insipidus 尿崩症Bromidrosis 汗臭症Pituitary Tumor 脑下垂体肿瘤神经系统 The Nervous System Cerebral Arteriosclerosis 脑动脉硬化Cerebral Hemorrh
6、age 脑出血Cerebral Edema 脑水肿Cerebra Palsy 脑性麻痹Cerebral Thrombosis 脑栓塞Cranial Neruritis 脑神经炎Intracranial Hemorrhage 颅出血Encephalitis 脑 炎Electromyography 肌电图Neuritis 神经炎Epilepsy 癜 痫Trigeminal Neuralgia 三叉神经痛Rachitis 痀偻症Rachioscoliiosis 脊柱侧弯Spondylitis 脊椎炎Quadriplegia 四肢麻痹Paraplegia 下半身瘫痪Immediately loss o
7、f consciousness 立 即丧失意识Eye opening 睁眼反响Verbal response 语言反响Motor response 运动反响Corneal reflex 角膜反射Plantar reflex 膝反射Sciatica 坐骨神经痛Chorea 舞蹈症Muscle atrophy 肌萎缩Migraine 偏头痛Parkinsons Disease 巴金森式症Brain Swelling 脑肿胀brain Concussion 脑震荡brain Anoxia 脑缺氧症brain Death 脑 死肌肉骨骼系统 The MusculoskeletalSystemAnter
8、ior Cruciate Ligament 前十字韧带Rheumatoid Arthritis 类风湿性关节炎Arthrosclerosis 关节硬化Degenerated Joint Disease 变性关节炎Clavicle Fracture 锁骨骨折Pelvic Fracture 骨盆骨折Plastic Paris Cast 整形硬石膏Matastatic Lesion 转移性损害Osteoporosis 骨质疏松症Amputation 截 肢Bone graft 骨移植Hallux Valgus 大拇指外翻Prosthesis Replacement 人工弥补置换术Range of M
9、otion 运动围Varus 翻Chondromalacia 软骨软化症泌尿及男性生殖系统 The Urinary and Male Reproductive SystemCystitis 膀胱炎Circumcision 包皮环割术Cystoscopy 膀胱镜检查Hydronephrosis 肾水肿Renal Stone 肾结石Acute Renal Failure 急性肾衰竭Cryptorchidism 隐睾症Spermatogenesis 精子生成Benign Prostatic Hypertrophy 良性摄护腺肥大Ureteral stenosis 输尿管狭窄Dysuria 排尿困难H
10、ematuria 血尿Uremia 尿毒症Urinary Tract Infection 尿路感染Vasoligation 输精管结扎Impotence 阳 萎特殊感觉器官The Organs of Special SensesAudiometer 听力计Otitis 耳 炎Otorrhea 耳漏Tympanitis 中耳炎Tympanotomy 鼓膜穿破术Nasitis 鼻炎Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma 鼻咽癌Rhinorrhea 鼻 溢Intraocular Foreign Body 眼异物Intraocular pressure 眼 压Oculus Uterque 双
11、 眼Oculus Sinister 左 眼Oculus Dexter 右 眼Extraocular Muscle 眼外肌Ophthalmologist 眼科医师Diplopia 复 视Myopia 近 视Blepharoptosis 眼睑下垂Corneitis 角膜炎Pupil Size Anisocoria 瞳孔大小不等Retinopexy 视网膜固定术Retinal Detachment 视网膜剥落Visual field 视 野Vocal nodular 声带结节Dermatologist 皮肤科医师Dermatitis 皮肤炎Cataract 白障Glaua 青光眼综合性字汇Contr
12、aceptive 避孕的Contraindication 禁忌症Biology 生物学Hyperemesis 剧 吐Polydipsia 剧渴Homosexual 同性的Heterosexual 异性的Inject 注 射Lipoma 脂肪瘤Lipoid 脂肪样的Lipomatosis 脂肪过多症Malformaiton 畸 形Malaise 不 适Necrosis 坏死Nocturia 夜尿症Ployuria 多 尿Narcotics 麻醉药Hyperplasia 增 殖Dysplasia 发育不良Dyspepsia 消化不良Prognosis 预 後Antipyretic 解热剂Hydro
13、phobia 恐水症Photophobia 畏 光Antibiotic 抗生素Syndrome 症候群Hydrotherapy 水疗法Perforation 穿 孔Percussion 叩诊Visceralgia 脏器痛二、妇产科常用字汇Genital 生殖的Gynecology 妇 科Menstruation 月 经Menopause 更年期Menorrhagia 经血过多Amenorrhea 无月经Dysmenorrhea 经痛Menarche 初经Cervical cancer 子宫颈癌Cervical Erosion 子宫颈糜烂Cervicitis 子宫颈炎Perineum 会阴End
14、ometriosis 子宫膜异位Ovary 卵 巢Ovarian Cyst 卵巢囊肿Ovulation 排卵Vaginitis 阴道炎Colposcopy 阴道镜检法Galactocele 乳腺囊肿Mammography 乳房 X 光摄影术Infertility 不孕症InVitro Fertilization 体外受精Amnion 羊 膜Amniocentesis 羊膜穿刺术Amniotic Fluid Embolism 羊水栓塞Hydramnion 羊水过多Anterpartal 产前的Antepartum 分娩前Chorionic Villi Sampling 绒毛膜绒毛取样Cephal
15、o Pelvic Disproportion 胎头骨盆不对称Artificial Insemination 人工受精Engagement 进入产位Estrogen 动情基素Colostrum 初 乳Termination of Pregnancy 终止怀孕Corpus Luteum 黄 体Vacuum Extraction Delivery 真空吸出分娩Venereal Disease 性 病Tubal Ligation 输卵管结扎Laparoscope 腹腔镜Embryo 胚 胎Ectopic Gestation 子宫外孕Primipara 初产妇Attitude of Fetus 胎儿体位
16、Dead Detus in Uterus 胎死腹中Multipara 经产妇Parity 经 产Placenta Previa 前置胎盘Postpartum 产 後Postpartum hemorrhage 产後出血Toxemia of Pregnancy 妊娠毒血症Adolescence 青春期Basal Body Temperature 根底体温Cesarean Section 剖腹产Expected Date of Confinement 预产期Fallopian Tube 输卵管Forceps 产 钳Hydatidiform Mole 水囊状胎块Labor Pain 阵痛Painles
17、s Labor 无痛分娩Molding 胎头变形Normal Spontaneous Delivery 正常自然生产Papanicolaou Smear 子宫颈抹片检查Premature Rupture of Membrance 早 期破水Progesterone 黄体素Stillbrith 死产Suture 缝 合Stump 残物Withdrawal Bleeding 停经出血三、小儿科常用字汇Apnea 呼吸暂停Aplastic Anemia 再生不良性贫血Arterio Venous Malformation 动静脉畸形Bronchial Asthma 支气管性气喘Bronchitis
18、支气管炎Cephalopematoma 头血肿Erythema 红斑Hypospadia 尿道下裂Dehydration 脱 水Hydrocephalus 水脑Hydrocele 阴囊积水Polydactylia 多指畸形Pyoderma 脓皮症Sepsis 败血症Tonsillitis 扁桃腺炎Encephalitis 脑炎Gastroenteritis 肠胃炎Necrotizing Enterocolitis 坏死性小肠结肠炎Malignant 恶性的Congenital Malformation 先天性畸形Neonatal Asphyxia 新生儿窒息Cleft Palate 颚 裂Di
19、arrhea 腹泻Dental Caries 龋 齿Facial Nerve Paralysis 颜面神经麻痹Hives Urticaria 蕈麻疹Torticollis 斜颈Vaccine 疫苗Incubator 保温箱Cleft lip 兔 唇Chicken pox 水 痘Club foot 畸 足Diphtheria 白喉Dengue fever 登革热Eczema 湿疹Congenital syphilis 先天性梅毒German Measles/ Rubella 德国麻疹Giant baby 巨婴Gonorrhea 淋 病Hepatitis B B 型肝炎Hand-foot-mout
20、h disease 手足口病Jaundice 黄 疸Mongolian spots 蒙古斑Mumps 腮腺炎Respiratory arrest 呼吸停顿Roseola infantum 幼儿玫瑰疹Vomiting 呕吐四 、 精 神 科 常 用 字 汇 Mental retardation 智能缺乏autism 自闭症dement 痴呆症alzheimers dementia 阿尔茲海默式形痴呆症alcoholism 酒 瘾substances Intoxication 物质中毒alcohol Intoxication 酒精中毒amphetamine Intoxication 安非他命中毒s
21、chizophrenia 精神分裂病delusional Disorder 妄想性病患Major Depressive Disorder 重郁症疾患phobia 畏惧症obsessive-pulsive Disorder 强迫性病患pedophilia 恋童癖exhibitionism 暴露狂Transvestic Fetishism 扮异性恋物癖Gender Identity Disorders 性别认同疾verbigeration 重复语言患Anorexia Nervosa 心因性厌食症Bulimia Nervosa 心因性暴食症临床病症blunted affect 感情迟钝silly L
22、aughter 傻 笑apathy 冷漠irritable 易怒的euphoria 欣快感depression 忧 郁ambivalence 感情矛盾Flat Affect 感情平淡suicide attempt 自杀企图queer behavior 怪异行为bizarre behavior 特异行为hypertalkative 多 话hypotalkative 少 话 mutistic 不语hyperactivity 活动过多hypoactivity 活动过少pulsive behavior 强迫行为catelepsy 僵 直negativism 阻抗行动Mannerism 作态行为dest
23、rctive behavior 破坏行为autistic thinking 自闭性思考poverty of speech 言语贫乏flight of ideas 意念飞跃loosening of association 思考连结松散illogical thinking 不合逻辑思考pressure speech 言语急迫thought blocking 思考中断incoherent 语无伦次thought Withdrawal 思想退缩irrelevant 答非所问delusion 妄 想delusion of persecution 被害妄想delusion of grandeur 夸张妄想
24、Phobia 恐惧症acrophobia 惧高症algophobia 惧痛症sexual drive 性 欲illusion 错 觉hallucination 幻 觉auditory hallucination 听幻觉disoreinatation 失去定向力amnesia 记忆丧失症confabulation 虚谈症orientation 定向力judgement 判断力derealization 失真感insight 病识感no insight 无病识感intellectual insight 理性的病识感true emotional insight 真正具有情绪性病识感心理学名词free
25、 association 自由联想dream analysis 梦的解析ego 自 我id 原 我super ego 超 我ego boundary 自我界限libido 原 欲scapegoat 代罪羔羊internal conflict 在冲突conscious 意 识unconscious 潜意识preconscious 前意识transference 情感转移depersonalization 人格解体derealization 脱离现实neurosis 神经精神病Psychosis 神经病Pleasure Principle 享乐原那么Reality Principle 现实原那么M
26、oral Principle 道德原那么Predisposing Factors 潜在因素Precipitating Factors 诱发因素Defense Mechanism 防卫机转pensation 补偿作用conversion 转化作用denial 否认作用displacement 转移作用dissociation 解离作用fantasy 梦想作用identification 认同作用introjection 射作用projection 外射作用retionalization 合理化作用reaction formation 反向作用degression 退化作用repression 潜
27、抑作用suppression 压抑作用restitution 归还作用sublimation 升华作用substitution 取代作用symbolism 象徵作用undoing 抵销作用distortion 曲解作用isolation 隔离作用Cognitive behavioral Therapy 认 知 行 为治疗Empathy 同理心Resistance 阻抗testing out behavior 试探行为self-awareness 自我了解separation anxiety 别离焦虑reinforcement 增强原那么catharsis 情绪宣泄confrontation 面
28、 质listen 倾 听restraint 约 束physical restraint 身体的约束chemical 药物的约束五、各科常用缩写AAAD against-advice discharge 自动出院A abdomen 腹 部ADL activities of daily life 日 常 生 活 活动A/G albumin /globulin ration 白 蛋 白 / 蛋球白比例AK above knee 膝 上B.BE below elbow 肘 下BH body height 身 高b.i.d twice a day 一日两次Bil bilateral 两侧的BK belo
29、w knee 膝 下BM bowel movement 肠蠕动BMR basal metabolic rate 根底代率BPH benign prostatic hypertrophy 良 性摄护腺肥大BTI biliary tract infection 胆道感染BUS blood, urine, stool 血液,小便,大便BW body weight 体 重C.Ca. Carcinoma 癌CBC plete blood count 全血球计数CBD mon bile duct 总胆管CH cerebral hemorrhage 脑出血Chest P-A chest posterio-a
30、nterio 前 後 胸部CO cardiac output 心输出量CPR cardiopulmonary resuscitation 心 肺复术CPS chronic paranasal sinusitis 慢性鼻窦炎C/T chemotherapy 化学治疗法CT cerebral thrombosis 脑栓塞CT Scan puterized axial tomography scan电脑断层检查CVA cerebral vascular accident 脑血管意外CVP central venous pressure 中 心 静 脉压D.DC discontinue 停 顿D&C
31、dilatation and curettage 扩 及 刮 除术DM diabetes mellitus 糖尿病DPT diphtheria, pertussis, tetanus 白 喉 , 百日咳,破伤风DU duodenal ulcer 十二指肠溃伤E.ECG eletrocardiogram 心电图EEG electroecephalogram 脑电波图ENT ear, nose, throat 耳鼻喉F.FH family history 家族史FHS fetal heart sounds 胎心音FOU fever of unknown 不明原因发烧Fr fracture 骨 折G
32、.GB gall bladder 胆 囊GI tract gastric intestinal tract 胃肠道GSR general surgical routine 一般外科常规gtt. Drops 滴GU genitourinary 生殖泌尿的GYN gynecology 妇科学HHb hemoglobin 血 色 素HICHhypertensiveintracerebral hemorrhage 高血压性脑出血h.s. at bedtime 睡 前HT Hypertension 高血压Ht. (Hct.) Hematocrit 血球容积Hx History 病 例IICPInterm
33、ittentcatheterization program 间歇性导尿ICU Intensive care unit 加护病房ICT Intracerebral tumor 脑肿瘤I & D Incision and drainage 切开及流IICP Increased intracranial pressure 增 高胪压Imp. Impression 臆 断IM Intramuscular 肌肉的I & O Intake and output 输入及排出IV Intravenous 静脉的IVKO Intravenous keep open 静脉点滴维持通畅JJej. Jejunum 空
34、 肠Jt. Joint 关 节KKn. Knee 膝KUB Kidney, ureter, baldder 肾、输尿管及膀胱L.LFT liver function test 肝功能试验LLQ left lower quadrant 左下象限LMP last menstrual period 最後一次月经MMBD may be discharged 可出院MN midnight 午 夜NNKA non known allergy 不明原因的过敏NP nothing particular 并无特别的NPC nasopharyngeal carcinoma 鼻咽癌NPO nothing by mo
35、uth 禁 食O.OA osteo-arthritis 骨性关节炎OB occult blood 潜 血OBS obstetrics 产 科OP operation 手 术OPD outpatient department 门 诊Ortho. Orthopaedic 骨科矫行的OS ocular sinistro 左 眼OT occupational therapy 职能治疗OU Both eyes 双 眼Pp.c. after meals 饭 後PCT Penicillin test 盘尼西林测验PE Physical examination 身体检查PI Present illness 目
36、前病况p.o. by mouth 由 口PPU Perforated petic ulcer 穿 孔 性 胃溃疡PT Physical therapy 物理治疗PTA Prior to admission 入 院 前PTN Parenteral total nutrition 肠道外的高营养QQevery 每 一q.d. every day 每 日q.h every hour 每 小 时q.i.d. four times a day 每日四次q.m. every morning 每日早晨q.n. every night 每日晚间RRA rheumatoid a arthritis 类风湿性关节
37、炎RBC red blood cell 红 血 球RN registered nurse 护 理 师R/O rule out 可 能 是RR recovery room 恢 复 室R/T radio-therapy test 放 射 治 疗RUQ right upper quadrant 右 上 象 限Rx take 取 拿Medication 处 方Treatment 治 疗SSc. Subcutaneous 皮 下 的SOB short of breath 呼吸短促SP.g.r. specific gravity 比 重S/P status/ post operation 手 术 後s-s
38、 half 一 半St(stat) immediately 立 刻Staph. Staphylococcus 葡萄球菌Tt.i.d. Three times a day 每日三次TPRTemperature,pulse, respirations 体温、脉搏、呼吸TURPTrans-urethralresectionof prostate 经尿道切除摄护腺UURI Upper respiratory infection 上 呼吸道感染WWBC White blood cell 白 血 球White blood count 白血球计数YY/O year old 年 龄Z zero 零六、解剖式外
39、科常用字汇The cardiovascular system 心血管系统lungs 肺 脏venisvessels 血管capillaries 微血管cardi 心 脏arteriesblood clot 凝血The Hemic and Lymphatic System 血 液及淋巴系统Blood 血 液Red blood cell 红血球White blood cell 白血球Platelet 血小板The Respiratory System 呼吸系统Bronchial tube 主支气管Alveoii 气泡Pharynx 咽Larynx 喉Trachea 气管Lung 肺Bronchio
40、les 小支气管Pleura 胸膜Chest 胸Air 气The Digestive System 消化系统Lips 唇teeth 牙 齿tongue 舌bile duct 胆 管gallbladder 胆 囊duodenum 十二指肠jejunum 空肠ileum 回 肠appendix 阑 尾small intestine 小肠large intestine 大肠rectum 直 肠anus 肛 门pancreas 胰stomach 胃esophagus 食道pharynx 咽The Endocrine System Glands 腺 体Adrenals 肾上腺Pancreas 胰Pitu
41、itary 脑下腺Thyroid and parathyroids 甲状腺和副甲状腺Breasts 乳 房Ovaries 卵 巢Testes 睾丸The Nervous System Brain 脑Spinal cord 脊 髓Vertebra 脊椎Cranium 颅腔Meninges 脑膜Nerves 神经The Musculoskeletal System 肌肉骨系统Skull 头 骨Clavicle 锁骨Sternum 胸 骨Ribs 助 骨Joints 关 节Ligaments 韧 带Tendons 肌 腱Cartilage 软 骨TheUrinaryandMaleReproducti
42、ve System 泌尿及男性生殖系统Cortex 皮质Urinary 膀胱Urethra 尿道Ureters 输尿管Kidney 肾 脏Renal pelvis 肾 孟Vas deferens 精管Urinary bladder 膀 胱prostate gland 前列腺scrotum 阴 囊testis 睾 丸penis 阴茎urethra 尿道The Organs of Special Senses特殊感觉器官Acoustic nerve 听神经Ear 耳 朵Hearing 听觉的tube 耳咽管Eardrum 耳骨膜Eustachian 欧式管Nasal cavities 鼻腔Nose
43、 鼻Eyelid 眼睑Lens 晶球体Carnea 角膜Tear duct 泪管Conjunctiva 结膜Choroid layer 脉络膜Retina 视网膜Sclera 巩膜Optic nerve 视神经Obstetrics & Hynecology 妇产科常用字suspensory ligaments 悬韧带汇Fallopian tube 输卵管Ovary 卵 巢Uterus 子宫Vagina 阴道Vulva 女阴(外生殖器官) 脑部系统cerebrum 大 脑corpus callosum 胼胝体thalamus 视 丘cerebellum 小 脑diencephalon 间 脑ce
44、rebral peduncles 大脑脚infundibulum 漏斗hypophysis 脑下垂体midbrain 中 脑pons 桥 脑medulla 延 脑brain stem 脑 干眼球构造pupil 瞳 孔ciliary process 捷状突retinal veins 网膜静脉retinal arteries 网膜动脉optic nerve 视神经anterior chamber 前眼房posterior chamber 後眼房iris 虹膜vitreous body 玻璃状体internal rectus muscle 直 肌lacrimal puncta 泪孔lacrimal
45、canaliculi 泪小管lacrimal gland 泪 腺excretory lacrimal duct 泪腺管eyebrow 眉毛耳朵构造cochlea 耳 蜗eustachian tube 耳咽管helix 耳 壳tympanic membrance 鼓 膜external auditory canal 外耳道semicircular canals 半规管malleus 锤骨vestibulocochlear nerve 前庭耳蜗神经口腔gingiva 齿 龈molars 大臼齿premolars 小臼齿canines 犬齿incisors 门 齿vestibule of mouth
46、 口腔前庭upper lip 上 唇upper lip frenulum 上唇系带alveolar provess 齿槽突hard palate 硬 颚palatine tonsil 颚扁桃腺sublingual caruncle 舌下阜七、癌症相关单字1. gastric cancer 胃癌2. pancreatic cancer 胰脏癌3. colon cancer 结肠癌4. rectal cancer 直肠癌5. prostate cancer 摄护腺癌6. nasotharyngdal carcinona 鼻咽癌7. cervical cancer 子宫颈癌8. lung cance
47、r 肺癌9. esophageal cancer 食道癌10. bladder cancer 膀胱癌11. laryngl caner 喉癌12. ovarian cancer 软巢癌13. liver cancer 肝癌14. skin cancer 皮肤癌15. breast cancer 乳癌16. leukemia 血癌17. bone cancer 骨癌18. brain tumor 脑癌19. heart disease 心脏病20. lymphoma 淋巴瘤八、医院常见单字Hospital 医 院Nursing school = nursing home 护 理 学校(nursing home) Private convalescence hospital 慢性疾病
