1、Module 4 Rules and suggestionsUnit 3 Language in use 复习情态动词的用法复习情态动词的用法;通过练习，巩固本单元新学词汇，能在语境中灵活运用；通过练习，巩固本单元新学词汇，能在语境中灵活运用；给来中国旅游的游客写一些旅游建议。给来中国旅游的游客写一些旅游建议。121 3Learning objectivesAre you familiar with these sentences?They are all from this module.1.You must be careful of falling stones.2.You mustnt
2、 walk too close to the edge of the hill path because you might fall and hurt yourselves.3.You should always wear proper clothes.4.Bears might think our rubbish is food.5.Can we go rock climbing?No,you cant.Task 1 复习情态动词复习情态动词 6.You mustnt go off on your own.7.You may need some water.8.We should hang
3、 the food in a tree tonight.9.They can smell food from a long way away.10.No one can run faster in the forest than a bear.11.You mustnt make any sudden moves or make a sound.And above all,you mustnt run.情态动词本身有一定的意义，但不能独立作谓语，只能与其后的动词原形一起构成谓语，表示说话人的情绪、态度或语气，用来表达建议、请求、可能或意愿等。情态动词没有人称和数的变化，情态动词后必须跟动词原形
4、。常见的情态动词有：can,could,may,might,must,need,shall,will,should,would。情态动词Can you lift this heavy box?(体力)Mary can speak three languages.(知识)Can you skate?(技能)此时可用be able to代替。can只有一般现在时和一般过去式;而be able to 则有更多的时态。表示表示能力能力(体力体力,知识知识,技能技能),常用情态动词常用情态动词can和和could表达。表达。如：Ill not be able to come this afternoon
5、.(一般将来时)当表示“经过努力才得以做成功某事”时用be able to,不能用can。如：He was able to go to the party yesterday evening in spite of the heavy rain.Can I go now?Yes,you can./No,you cant.Could I come to see you tomorrow?Yes,you can.(No,Im afraid not.)此时可与may互换。在疑问句中还可用could,might代替，但could,might并不表示过去式，只是语气更委婉。它们不能用于肯定句和答语中。如
6、：表示表示请求和允许请求和允许。如：。如：Theyve changed the timetable,so we can go by bus instead.Exercising alone can be boring.表示表示客观可能性客观可能性。如：。如：Can this be true?This cant be done by him.How can this be true?表示表示推测推测(惊讶、怀疑、不相信的态度惊讶、怀疑、不相信的态度)，用于疑问句、，用于疑问句、否定句和感叹句中。否定句和感叹句中。Might/May I smoke in this room?No,you must
7、nt.May/Might I take this book out of the room?Yes,you can.(No,you cant/mustnt.)用May I.?征徇对方许可时比较正式和客气，而用Can I.?在口语中更常见。表示表示请求和允许请求和允许。might比比may语气更委婉。否定回答时语气更委婉。否定回答时可用可用cant 或或mustnt，表示，表示“不可以，禁止不可以，禁止”。如：。如：用于用于祈使句祈使句，表示，表示祝愿祝愿。如：。如：May you succeed!表示表示推测、可能性推测、可能性(不用于疑问句不用于疑问句)。might表示的可能表示的可能性比性
8、比may小。如：小。如：He may/might be very busy now.Your mother may/might not know the truth.You must come in time.在回答其引出的问句时，如果是否定的，不能用mustnt（禁止，不准），而用neednt，dont have to(不必)。如：Must we hand in our exercise books today?Yes,you must.No,you dont have to/you neednt.表示表示义务义务、命令或必要、命令或必要。意为。意为“必须必须”。如：。如：His play
9、isnt interesting,I really must go now.I had to work when I was your age.Youre Toms good friend,so you must know what he likes best.Your mother must be waiting for you now.must是是说话人的主观看法说话人的主观看法，意为，意为“应该，必须应该，必须”；而；而have to则强调则强调客观需要客观需要，意为，意为“只好，不得不只好，不得不”。must只只有一般现在时，有一般现在时，have to 有更多的时态形式。如：有更多的
10、时态形式。如：表示表示推测、可能性推测、可能性（只用于（只用于肯定的陈述句肯定的陈述句)。如：。如：You shall fail if you dont work hard.(警告)He shall have the book when I finish it.(允诺)He shall be punished.(威胁)shall 用于用于第二、三人称第二、三人称，表示说话人给对方的，表示说话人给对方的命令、命令、警告、允诺或威胁警告、允诺或威胁。shall 用于用于第一人称第一人称，用来，用来征求对方的意见征求对方的意见。如：。如：What shall we do this evening?Y
11、ou should keep your promise.你应该遵守诺言。表示表示义务、责任义务、责任，意为，意为“应该应该”（=ought to），如：），如：常用于否定句和疑问句中，意为常用于否定句和疑问句中，意为“需要；有必要需要；有必要”。如：。如：You neednt come if you are busy.如果忙，你就不必来了。Will/Would you pass me the ball,please?表示表示意志、愿望和决心意志、愿望和决心。如：。如：I will never do that again.They asked him if he would go abroad.
12、表示表示请求、建议请求、建议等，等，would 更委婉。如更委婉。如:would表示表示过去反复发生的动作或某种倾向过去反复发生的动作或某种倾向。would表表示过去习惯时比示过去习惯时比 used to 正式，且没有正式，且没有“现已无此习惯现已无此习惯”的含义。如：的含义。如：During the vacation,he would visit me every other day.The wound would not heal.表示表示估计估计和和猜想猜想。如：。如：It would be about ten oclock when she left home.1.你必须马上回家。你必
13、须马上回家。You must go home now.2.他一定吃过什么东西了。他一定吃过什么东西了。He must have eaten something.3.吃饭之前不能吃零食。吃饭之前不能吃零食。You mustnt eat snacks before meals.【练习练习】4.我可以问你的名字吗？我可以问你的名字吗？May I ask your name?5.你能用英语说吗？你能用英语说吗？Can you speak in English?6.我们应该准时去上学。我们应该准时去上学。We should go to school on time.7.你没有必要那么做。你没有必要那么做
14、。You neednt do that.意义意义情态动词情态动词表能力表能力 can/could表可能性表可能性 may/might/can/could表许可、征求对方许可表许可、征求对方许可 can/could/may/might表请求对方做事情表请求对方做事情Will/Would/Could you?/Would you mind?表建议、邀请表建议、邀请Would you like(to)?/Shall we?表意愿表意愿 would like/love to表应该、义务表应该、义务 should/ought/must表命令、禁止、不得不表命令、禁止、不得不 must/mustnt/ha
15、ve to表没必要做某事表没必要做某事 neednt/dont have toSummaryMatch the signs with the rules and warnings.11.No smoking.2.No eating or drinking.3.Children crossing.4.Danger!Be careful of falling rocks.5.Children should be taken care of by parents.6.Do not drink and drive.Task 2 Language practiceRead the list of rul
16、es and write sentences using must,mustnt,should or shouldnt.2Dos:You must check in at the main gate when you come to the centre.You should climb with someone.You must wear a hard hat at all times.You must wear the correct climbing shoes.You must wear comfortable clothes.Donts:You mustnt climb withou
17、t a rope.You mustnt eat or drink anywhere except in the restaurant.You shouldnt listen to personal music players while climbing.You shouldnt talk on a mobile phone while climbing.Work in pairs.Explain why the rules in Activity 2 are important.3 Why must you check in when you come to the centre?Becau
18、se they want to know who is there.1.Why must you climb with someone?Because you can ask for help if you meet some problems.2.Why must you wear comfortable clothes?Because comfortable clothes can make you less tired.3.Why mustnt you climb without a rope?Because it is dangerous for you.4.Why shouldnt
19、you listen to music while climbing?Because you cant hear what is going on around you.People are very(1)_ about the conditions of the ancient forests of Canada and want to save them.Many visitors to the forests use knives to cut their names into the trees,some of which are hundreds of years old.(2)_
20、there are litter bins,people still throw rubbish into the(3)_ and this causes plants and fish to die.People from local villages have helped clean up the forests.We hope(4)_ will play their part in(5)_ Canadas forests clean too!although keep stream tourist worryworriedAlthough streamtouristskeepingCo
21、mplete the passage with the correct form of the words in the box.41.You should _.2.You shouldnt _.3.You must _.4.You mustnt _.Now write possible rules for visitors to the forests.help clean up the forestthrow rubbish into the streams take your rubbish away cut your names into the trees gun smooth st
22、icks stone sudden tent wheneverComplete the sentences with the words in the box.51.Come and visit me _ you have time.2.The wall is made of _.3.The path to the top is not very _.4.Remember to take a _ with you to sleep in,because it might rain.5.He lifted up the _ and pointed it at the bear.6.There w
23、as a _ noise in the woods and we all stopped moving.7.Birds use small _ and leaves to make a home.wheneverstonesmoothtentgunsuddensticks6 Read the passage and answer the questions.1.What does Zhang Wenpeng try to say with his drawing?2.What does Zhou Zhiyun try to say with his painting?He tries to s
24、ay that people must wake up to the fact that pollution is causing damage to the progress weve made.He tries to say that people must not waste electricity.3.What does the school suggest the students should do?4.How can a school become a“green school”？The school suggests that the students should pass
25、on what they have learnt in school to their parents and neighbours.A school can become a“green school”by including education about the environment in the timetable.1.The first thing you have to do is to _ carefully.2.Think about where _ and whether there are _.3.You should only take marked _.4.Make
26、sure you know where _ for lunch.5.Dont forget to tell people to _ for the picnic.6.Dont walk when it is _ or in _.7.You must not try out a _ with a group.plan the walk you are going to walk clearly marked pathspaths you can stop bring food too hot very bad weather new walk 7Listen and complete the s
27、entences.Task 3 WritingWriting advice for visitors to ChinaWork in pairs.Discuss and give advice for visitors to China.Talk about:visiting someones home eating and drinking travelling on public transport behaving politely in public visiting tourist sightsWrite your advice.You must.You mustnt.You should.You shouldnt.Work in groups and compare your advice.Choose the five most useful pieces of advice for visitors to China.Thank you!
