1、2022届黑龙江省佳木斯市第一中学高三第三次模拟英语试题学校:_姓名：_班级：_考号：_一、阅读理解Here are four women who made it their lifes mission to make the world a better place through environmental activism. Greta Thunberg“I have not accomplished anything. ”This statement was made by Greta Thunberg(17 years old)and it couldnt be further fr
2、om the truth. Her dedication to protecting the environmenl for our future generations is all accomplishment on its own. Her ability to resist to adults in power is admirable and continues to push the importance of conservation to the front of our minds. Peggy ShelmrdWE ACT for Environmental Justice
3、is an organization that“through advocacy，planning，and researchmobilizes low-income communities to make environmental changes. ”At the helm(掌权)of WE ACT is Peggy Shepard. Her goal is to make sure that sustainable environmental practices are accessible to all，regardless of circumstance. Rachel CarsonA
4、merican marine biologist，writer，scientist，and ecologist，Rachel Carson(19071964)，was way ahead of her time. She wrote about conservation in the late 1930s and focused on her mission of protecting our oceans. Julia“Butterfly”HillIn the late 90s，Julia“Butterfly”Hill spent 738 days living in an ancient
5、redwood，called Luna. This act brought awareness to the immense human threats to Redwood trees. Julia continues to advocate for the environment. “By standing together in unity，solidarity and love，we will heal the wounds in the earth and in each other. We can make a positive difference through our act
6、ions. ”1What do we know about Greta Thunberg?AShe has not accomplished anything.BShe seldom tells the truth.CShe faces powerful people bravely to protect environment.DShe shows great respect and admiration to people in power.2Why did Peggy Shepard set up the organization WE ACT?ATo help poor people
7、to lead a better life.BTo appeal to low-income group to protect our environment.CTo make people aware of the environmental status.DTo control the changes of environment.3Who preferred taking on-the-spot actions to protect environment?AGreta Thunberg.BPeggy Shepard.CRachel Carson.DJulia“Butterfly”Hil
8、l.As children, we dream of growing older; when we are older, we dream of being children. We let our lives pass us by because we have yet to learn that the harder you yearn for time, the faster it passes. This is how my story begins.In October of my freshman year, I took an accidental trip down memor
9、y lane. One day after school, I decided to take the long way home. I needed time to think. So off I went, walking through the grass. That was how I came to find a gap in the fence lining the school property. I passed through this gap and followed the treeline until I found myself in the far fields b
10、ehind the neighborhood.Suddenly, I remembered it was here through the fence between the school and the fields that I watched older kids having their high school graduation ceremony. In cap and gown (长袍), they stood in the middle of the field. They looked like they were having the most fun I had ever
11、 seen anyone have; they looked free.Years later, I walked through that field on my way home from that same high school. Ive since given this place a name, Tempus Illud, a place between places. I try to take the long way home at least once a month now. Sometimes, when I cross that bridge, I see that
12、younger version of myself. She is so young and so desperate to speed up time. I see her peering through the fence at those graduates in the cap and gown, and shes wishing she could be just like them. She, too, could feel so free that she might just grow wings and fly away. Now Im preparing to wear t
13、he cap and gown in a few short months. But this time, I wish to leave time to its own devices.The harder you yearn for time, the faster it passes you by. So I no longer yearn. The passage of time is inevitable, and you cant avoid it, but you can appreciate it. James Taylor sings, “ The secret of lif
14、e is enjoying the passage of time. Nobody knows how we got to the top of the hill, but since were on our way down, we might as well enjoy the ride.”4How did the author feel when she saw the older kids graduation ceremony?AAdmiring.BCurious.CJealous.DUnconcerned.5What is the significance of Tempus Il
15、lud to the author?AIt honors her best childhood memory.BIt shows the miracle of frozen time.CIt bridges her past, present and future.DIt symbolizes high school graduation.6What is the authors perspective on time at the end?AShe is addicted to the past.BShe yearns for time to pass quicker.CShe wants
16、to run after time.DShe decides to enjoy the moment.7Whatisthe authorsmainpurposeinwriting thearticle?ATo suggest that time brings the truth to light.BTo share her changing attitude towardtime.CTo explain how time changes everything.DTo show that tough times never last.Have you ever wondered what hap
17、pens to all of the old objects launched into space, such as rockets and satellites? Its called space junk, and much of it is still out there now. According to NASA, the definition of space junk is “any man-made object in orbit (轨道) around Earth that no longer serves a useful function”.One large piec
18、e of space junk, a disused rocket, hit the dark side of the moon on March 4. The rockets origin is not clear, but scientists know that it was massive weighing about 3 tons. It must have left a large crater (坑), estimated 10 to 20 meters wide, on the moons surface. It wont be visible right away, but
19、scientists are trying to locate it. “We will find the crater, eventually,” Mark Robinson, lead investigator for NASA Lunar Reconnaissance Orbiter Camera, told USA TODAY. “Depending on its location, it could take as long as 28 days.”Whats significant about this space junk crash is that it draws atten
20、tion to some of the potential dangers of space junk. First, the accumulation of space junk in Earths orbit means that satellites and the International Space Station (ISS) are at risk. In 2016, tiny space debris (残骸), smaller than a millimeter, caused a tiny chip in the ISS window. Imagine the damage
21、 that a larger piece of debris could cause. The European Space Agency website states that objects “up to 1 cm in size could disable an instrument or a critical flight system on a satellite” while objects over 10 cm “could shatter a satellite or spacecraft into pieces”. If this sounds terrifying, tha
22、ts because it is. Any collision with larger pieces of debris could be especially dangerous for manned spacecraft.In addition to potential damage to spacecraft and satellites, space junk also poses a threat to the Earth itself. Crashes can send debris into the atmosphere where it can remain for many
23、decades. Some powerful collisions can even send large debris hurtling (猛冲) toward Earths surface where it can affect the local environment. Leftover rocket debris can contain toxic materials that are harmful to plant and animal life. Some people in Siberia have even reported serious health problems
24、after rocket debris landed in their regions in 2012, a local doctor told the BBC8Which of the following can be regarded as space junk?AAn abandoned space station.BA spacecraft orbiting the moon.CA crater on the moons surface.DA satellite working in low Earth orbit.9What does the underlined word “it”
25、 refer to in paragraph 2?ATracking the rocket.BLocating the crater.CCleaning up the space junk.DFinding out the rockets origin.10Why does the author mention the damage caused by tiny space debris in 2016?ATo compare the effects of debris of different sizes.BTo prove the space debris problem is getti
26、ng worse.CTo illustrate the potential dangers of space junk.DTo explain the necessity of removing space junk.11What can be inferred about space junk from the last paragraph?AIts likely to cause a global environmental crisis.BIt can pose a lasting threat if it remains in the atmosphere.CIts impossibl
27、e to stop it from entering the atmosphere.DThe toxic materials contained in space junk are the biggest threat it poses.A bat and a ball cost $1.10 in total. The bat costs $1.00 more than the ball. How much does the ball cost?If you answered 10 cents, youre not alone most people give the same answer
28、(the correct answer is 5 cents). Its an example of how we often rely on intuitive (直觉的) responses answers we feel are true. People give answers that “pop into their mind,” says Steven Sloman. We dont spend much time “reflecting and checking whether the answer is right or wrong.”The bat and ball ques
29、tion helps explain why we often believe in fake news. It is part of human nature to believe, says Sloman. But “the trick with fake news is to know to verify” in other words, to stop and question what you know. In one experiment, Sloman and a colleague invented a discovery called helium rain. They to
30、ld a group of volunteers about it, but admitted they could not fully explain what it was. They then asked the volunteers to rate their own understanding of helium rain. Most volunteers rated themselves 1 out of 7, meaning they did not understand the concept.The researchers then told another group of
31、 volunteers about the discovery. This time, they said that scientists could fully explain how it works. When asked to rate their understanding, the volunteers gave an average answer of 2. The scientists confidence gave the volunteers an increased sense of their own understanding, Sloman says.Accordi
32、ng to Sloman, studies show that knowledge spreads like a contagion(传染病). This idea can be seen in many fields, including politics. “If everyone around you is saying they understand why a politician is dishonest,” Sloman says, “then youre going to start thinking that you understand, too.”Another expl
33、anation for the spread of fake news is “motivated reasoning,” writes Adam Wyatz, an American management professor, “we are naturally more likely to believe things that confirm our existing opinions.”So in a world where misleading information is common, training people to care about fact-checking is
34、important, especially in online communities. “We should check things and not just take them at face value,” Sloman says. “Verify before you believe.”12Why does the author use the example of the bat and ball question?ATo warn that people often ignore skills that they learned.BTo show that there are v
35、arious answers to a question.CTo arouse peoples interest in playing guessing games.DTo illustrate that people tend to rush to a conclusion.13In paragraph 3, what does the underlined word “verify” mean?ATo express an opinion about something.BTo make sure something is true.CTo think about something fo
36、r a long time.DTo follow your intuitive response.14When do more volunteers claim to understand helium rain?AWhen Sloman and his colleagues showed them how it works.BWhen they have more confidence in themselves.CWhen they believed that scientists understood it.DWhen some of the volunteers explained i
37、t to them.15Which of the following is an example of “motivated reasoning”?AYou post a message online that gives your personal opinion about a news story.BYou think a university professor dishonest when everybody around you say so.CYou search online for more information about a doubtful story on soci
38、al media.DYou trust a damaging story about someone who you always judge negatively.二、七选五Why Are Tigers Orange?The colors of an animal serve lots of different purposes for instance, to help them hide into surroundings and escape from being noticed by preys (猎物). For tigers, their ability to be invisi
39、ble will just decide whether they catch dinner or go hungry. _16_As for humans, orange is a color used for items that need to stand out, like traffic lights and safety vests. Thats because we have whats called trichromatic color vision, which differentiate three types of color: blue, green and red.
40、_17_ But most other mammals, including dogs, horses and deer, have dichromatic (二色的) color vision for only two colors: blue and green. Humans who get information only of blue and green are considered color-blind, and cant distinguish between red and green colors. _18_Mammals like deer are the tigers
41、 main prey, and their dichromatic vision means they dont see tigers as orange they see them as green. That makes the tiger much harder to spot as its prowling behind a bush or crouching in the grass. Although green tigers would probably be even harder to spot, evolution (进化) just doesnt work with th
42、e ingredients necessary to make green fur. _19_The only recognizably green mammal is a sloth, and its fur isnt green in fact. Thats an alga that grows in its fur._20_There seems to be no evolutionary pressure, particularly for deer, which are the main prey of the tiger, to become trichromatic. Thats
43、 probably because the tiger doesnt know its orange either. So, the evolutionary race really doesnt exist for that color. Its just that the tiger has evolved over the sweep of evolution to have a coloring, a hiding system, which protects it very well in its jungle setting.AWe share this style of visi
44、on with some mammals like apes and certain monkeys.BThen, why dont deer evolve the ability to see orange?CSo of all the colors they could be, why are tigers orange?DOrange fur makes tigers relatively easy to spot.EThe same is likely true for dichromatic animals.FColors of humans eyes are quite simil
45、ar to many other mammals.GActually, there are no green furry animals.三、完形填空It was the first night of a tiring seven-day 250km race across the Gobi Desert a year ago. Mr. Leonard _21_ a little dog going around his camp trying to _22_ herself.“Cute, but Im not giving you any,” Leonard thought. Like al
46、l_23_, he had packed just enough for the whole _24_. Hed been running competitively for three years, and he had a_25_ to win.The next day, at the starting line, the dog_26_ him again. He waved her away, _27_ she might be stepped on by the runners. _28_, the dog followed him all the way until the day
47、s race _29_. That night the dog snuggled (偎依) up to Leonard and even _30_ to get a little food from him. By then, he was determined to_31_ her Gobi.The pair went on to finish the seven-day race, with Gobi _32_ a distance of 125km on her own, and winning Leonard over, enough for him to make a _33_ he
48、 would take her home to Edinburgh. “Seeing Gobi on the race_34_ my attitude to things. It made me think more about stopping and helping her, _35_ just focusing on winning,” said Leonard, who finished second. “It also made my running more_36_, giving me a lot of pleasure.”As Leonard was preparing to get Gobi home, she wa
