1、一、简单句一、简单句 简单句：只有一个主语（或并列主语）和简单句：只有一个主语（或并列主语）和一个谓语（或并列谓语）。一个谓语（或并列谓语）。1.We often study Chinese history on Friday afternoon.2.Both Tom and Jack enjoy country music.3.My brother and I go to school at half past seven in the morning and come back home at seven in the evening.4.The farmer is showing the
2、 boy how to plant a tree.简单句有五种基本句型简单句有五种基本句型1 1、主语、主语+系动词系动词+表语表语 2 2、主语、主语+不及物动词不及物动词3 3、主语、主语+及物动词及物动词+宾语宾语 4 4、主语、主语+及物动词及物动词+间接宾语间接宾语+直接宾语直接宾语（双宾语）（双宾语）5 5、主语、主语+及物动词及物动词+宾语宾语+宾补宾补（复合宾语）（复合宾语）1.The teachers name is Smith,and the students name is John.2.Hurry up,or youll miss the train.3.He is v
3、ery young，but he knows a lot.4.It must have rained,for the ground is wet.二、并列句二、并列句 （由连接词或分号把两个简单句连成一句由连接词或分号把两个简单句连成一句）三、主从复合句三、主从复合句名词性从句、定语从句、状语从句名词性从句、定语从句、状语从句名词性从句名词性从句包括主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句和同位包括主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句和同位语从句语从句1.What caused the accident is still a mystery.名词性从句名词性从句2.The question is who coul
4、d go there.3.The boy who offered me his seat is called Tom.定语从句定语从句4.The foreign visitors took a lot of pictures when they were at the Great Wall.状语从句状语从句辨别下列名词性从句的类别：1.How the book will sell depends on its author.2.John said that he was leaving for London on Wednesday.3.The fact is that he has not
5、been seen recently.4.The fact that he has not been seen recently disturbs everyone in his office.5.He will talk to us about what he saw in U.S.6.It is impossible that I go and attend the meeting.主语从句主语从句宾语从句宾语从句表语从句表语从句同位语从句同位语从句宾语从句宾语从句主语从句主语从句引导名词性从句的引导名词性从句的连接词连接词可分为三类：可分为三类：连接代词：连接代词：what,whatev
6、er,who,whoever,whom,whose,which.(有词义，在从句中作主语、表语、宾语或定语有词义，在从句中作主语、表语、宾语或定语)连接副词：连接副词：when,where,how,why (有词义，在从句中作状语有词义，在从句中作状语)连接词：连接词：that（没有词义，不作句子成分，没有词义，不作句子成分，只起连接的作用）只起连接的作用）whether,if,（是否）（是否）as if（好像，只引导表语从句）（好像，只引导表语从句）主语从句主语从句:That/wh-从句从句 +动词动词 +1.That he doesnt pass the exam disappointed
7、 his mother.2.Whether he will accept the invitation remains a secret.3.What you said just now sounds reasonable.4.When we will set out hasnt been decided.带形式主语带形式主语itit的主语从句的主语从句 it 作带形式主语，而将真正的作带形式主语，而将真正的that-that-从句置于从句置于句末，例如：句末，例如：Its a pity that you should have to leave.It is not yet decided w
8、ho will do that job.用用 it 作形式主语的作形式主语的that-从句从句有以下搭配关系：有以下搭配关系：a.It+be+形容词形容词+that-从句从句 It is necessary /important obvious/certain b.It+be+名词名词+that-从句从句 It is a pity/a shame/no wonder thatc.It+be+-ed 分词分词+that-从句从句 It is believed/reported/said that It is known to all thatd.It+不及物动词不及物动词+that-分句分句It
9、 appears/seems thatIt happens that It occurred to me that that1.My decision is that all of us are to start at 6oclock tomorrow2.This is why we put off the sport meet.3.She looked as if shed been crying.4.That they won the game was what we had expected.表语从句表语从句:主主+系动词系动词 +that/wh-从句从句宾语从句宾语从句1.1.主主 +
10、及物动词及物动词 +that/wh-从句从句I doubt whether he will succeed.2.2.主主 +不及物动词不及物动词 +介词介词 +that/wh-从句从句 He is a good student except that he is careless.3.3.主主 +系动词系动词 +形容词形容词 +that/wh-从句从句 I am not sure what I ought to do.We consider it necessary that he should improve his pronunciation.带形式宾语带形式宾语it的宾语从句的宾语从句1
11、.We must face the fact that we had spent all our money.2.I have no doubt that he will come soon.同位语从句同位语从句抽象名词抽象名词 +that/wh-从句从句fact,news,doubt,decision,theoryfact,news,doubt,decision,theory等等 Whether he will come is unknown.2.2.表语从句，如：表语从句，如：The question is whether you should accept it.3.3.同位语从句，如：
12、同位语从句，如：The question whether hell attend the meeting is not decided.4.4.宾语从句位于介词后，如：宾语从句位于介词后，如：Im not interested in whether theyll go or not.It depends on whether we have got enough money.5.5.直接跟不定式或直接跟不定式或or not连用时，如：连用时，如：She hasnt decided whether to go or not.1.主语从句主语从句用用if 或或 whether 填空填空1.I do
13、nt know _ Ill be free tomorrow.2.I dont know _ or not Ill be free tomorrow.3.The question is _ this book is worth writing.4.It depends on _ we will have enough money.5._ they can do it matters little to us.6._ you are not free tomorrow,Ill go without you.whether/ifwhetherwhetherwhetherWhetherIf 考点一考
14、点一:考查名词性从句中考查名词性从句中that与与what的区别的区别 1._ we cant get seems better than _ we have.2._ he suddenly fell ill last week made us surprisedWhatwhatThat考点二考点二:考查名词性从句中的考查名词性从句中的it作作形式主语形式主语或或 形式宾语形式宾语 1._ is a fact that English is being accepted as an international language.2.We all thought _ a pity that we
15、 had missed the lesson.itIt考点三考点三:考查名词性从句中的考查名词性从句中的whether,if以及以及that的区别的区别 1._ well go camping tomorrow depends on the weather.2.The miners trapped in the coal mine worried about_ they would survive.3.It worried her a bit _ her hair was turning gray.Whetherwhetherthat考点四考点四:考查名词性从句中的考查名词性从句中的疑问词疑问
16、词+ever引导的引导的名词性从句及其与名词性从句及其与疑问词疑问词引导的从句的区别引导的从句的区别 1._ leaves the room last ought to turn off the light.2._leaved the room last did not turn off the light last night.3.It is generally considered unwise to give a child _ he or she wants.whateverWhoeverWho引导名词性从句不能用引导名词性从句不能用no matter+疑问词疑问词1.1.在在主语从句
17、主语从句中用来表示惊奇、不相信、惋惜、理应中用来表示惊奇、不相信、惋惜、理应如此等如此等,谓语动词用虚拟语气谓语动词用虚拟语气 (should)+do,常常用的句型有用的句型有:(1)It is necessary(important,natural,strange,etc.)that.(2)It is a pity(a shame,no wonder,etc.)that.(3)It is suggested(requested,proposed,desired,etc.)that.It is strange that she _(think)so.考点五考点五:考查名词性从句的虚拟语气问题考
18、查名词性从句的虚拟语气问题 It is necessary that a college student _(master)at least a foreign language.should master(should)think2 2 表示建议、请求、命令、要求、坚持等及物动词后表示建议、请求、命令、要求、坚持等及物动词后面的面的宾语从句宾语从句中要用虚拟语气中要用虚拟语气,常用的这类动词有常用的这类动词有suggest,propose,insist,desire,demand,request,order,command等。如等。如:I insist that she _(do)her w
19、ork alone.3 3 主语是主语是suggestion,proposal,request,decision等表示等表示 建议、请求、要求、决定等建议、请求、要求、决定等 意思的词时意思的词时,表表语从句语从句中谓语动词要用虚拟语气中谓语动词要用虚拟语气(should)+do。如如:His suggestion is that we _(hold)another meeting to discuss the question.(should)do(should)hold宾语从句的时态变化规律宾语从句的时态变化规律）当主语是一般现在时态时，从句可根据）当主语是一般现在时态时，从句可根据需要用
20、的任何时态需要用的任何时态）当主句是一般过去时态时，从句只能使）当主句是一般过去时态时，从句只能使用过去范围内的任何时态但客观真理除用过去范围内的任何时态但客观真理除外外The teacher said that he had won the first prize in the competition.The teacher said that the earth goes round the sun.1.He said the text was very important and we should learn it by heart.2.My worry is that he can
21、get there on time.3.The reason why he failed was because he hadnt studied hard.4.What we need are time.5.Here are two books.You can take whatever you want.isthatwhetherthatwhichever1.It now appears _ they are in need of help.2.It is good news _ they will arrive in a few days.3.It is thought _ Joe dr
22、ives badly.4.It may be_ he is late for class.5.This is _ she was born.6.The question is _ we cant go there today.7.The question is _ it is worth doing.8.The reason he has made such great progress is _ he has never wasted his time.9.My suggestion is _ we should turn the land into rice fields.10.My advice is that he _ regular house.thatthatthatthatwherethatwhetherthatthatshould
