1、1.die fromIt shocked me to hear that he died from a severe disease.die away(声音、光线等)减弱(以致觉察不到);淡化The noise of the car died away in the distance.The breeze has died away.die down 逐渐减弱、降低;察觉不到The flame/storm/pain was dying down.火焰越来越小。/风暴渐渐减弱。/疼痛逐渐消失。These rumors will soon die down.这些谣言不久就会逐渐消失。die out
2、 (物种)死光;灭绝 (习俗、做法等)消失;过时 The old traditions are dying out.旧传统正在消失。注：注：die died died dying 拓展考点：拓展考点：撒谎撒谎lielied lied lying躺，位于躺，位于lie lay lainlying下蛋，搁置下蛋，搁置laylaidlaidlaying2.such that./so that (结果状语从句)课文句子再现：The cholera outbreak was so severe that more than 500 people died in ten days.练习：The house
3、 is so expensive _ I cant afford to buy it.It is _ fine a day that we can go swimming.It is _ a fine day that They are _ excellent competitors that they think out a solution to tackling the challenging problem.thatsosuchsuchsuch.that 和 so.that 的区别so+adj+a/an+单数名词+thatsuch+a/an+adj+单数名词+thateg:This i
4、s so amazing a song that he has listened to it many times.=This is such an amazing song that he has listened to it many times.3.frustrate frustration n.挫败，障碍 vt.阻止做/妨碍;使失败;是沮丧；使灰心Bad weather frustrated plans to launch the spacecraft today.Lack of appreciation frustrated Mary.Mary was frustrated by l
5、ack of appreciation.be/get frustrated by.a frustrating result Every job has its frustrations.每种工作都有让人不称心的地方。4.suspect n.vt.相信;认为；怀疑 suspection n.suspect sth.suspect sb1./sth1.(to be)sb2./sth2 suspect sb.of(doing)sth.Most people dont,I suspect,realize this.我想大多数人是意识不到这一点的。I strongly suspect that they
6、 are trying to get rid of me.我强烈感觉他们要除掉我。What she said sounded convincing,but I suspect it(to be)a lie.她说的话听起来像那么回事，但我认为那是谎言。What made you suspect her of having taken the money?你凭什么怀疑钱是他偷的？5.blame v.n.His mother blamed him for the failure of the exams.blame sb for(doing)sth 因某事责备某人sb be to blame(for
7、)某人因.应受责备The driver was to blame for the accident.She was in no way to blame.绝不应该责备她。If you fail the exam you will only have yourself to blame.你若考试不及格，只能怪自己。put/lay the blame(for sth.)on sb把某事归咎于某人6.purely adv.pure adj.完全的，纯粹的，纯洁的purely by accident纯属偶然；完全/仅仅是意外He bought it purely as an investment.他完
8、全/仅仅是作为投资购买的。7.decrease vt.vi.n.increase vt.vi.n.decrease to 反义反义decrease by decrease from to on the decrease 正在减少;在下降a(visible/obvious)decrease in 在方面减少on the increasean(sharp)increase inIncreasingly,people are realizing that our basic problems are not economic ones.人们越来越认识到，我们的根本问题并非经济问题。increasin
9、gly difficult/important/popular 日益困难的/重要的/流行的8.initial adj.initially adv.the initial letter of a wordin the initial stages 在最初/创始阶段His initial reaction was to refuse.他最初的反应是拒绝。She came initially to spend a few days,but in the end she stayed for a whole month.severe sv(r):adj.极为恶劣的极为恶劣的;十分严重的十分严重的;严厉
10、严厉的的a severe winter 严冬severe diseases 严重的疾病severely adv.严重地；严格地，严厉地a severely critical report一篇措辞严厉的批评报道 This illness causes severe diarrhoea,dehydration,and even death.suffer severe losses _The president came under _(严厉的批评)for his inability to His chest suffered _(严重的伤害)in the accident.A fire has _
11、(severe)damaged the warehouse.tackle the crisis.遭到惨败severe criticismsevere injuriesseverelyfrustrated frstretd:adj.懊恼的懊恼的;沮丧的沮丧的;失意失意的的feel frustrated 感到沮丧be frustrated at/with/by因/对灰心丧气a frustrated artist 不得志的艺术家As a young doctor,John Snow became frustrated because no one knew how to prevent or tre
12、at cholera.He was disabled from birth,but he never felt _(frustrate),nor did he They felt frustrated _ progress.A poor memory frustrated her efforts _(become)an actress.give in to any difficulty.the lack offrustratedat/withto becomecontradictory kntrdktriadj.相互矛盾的相互矛盾的;对立的对立的;不一致的不一致的(1)selfcontradi
13、ctory 自相矛盾的(2)contradict each other 互相矛盾contradict sb.与某人唱反调；反驳某人(3)in contradiction to/with.与相矛盾/相反contradiction between A and B A与B之间的矛盾In general,doctors in those days had two contradictory theories to explain how cholera spread.We two apparently_(contradict)statements.People found this sort of _
14、(contradict)reality hard to accept.He kept _(contradict)himself when we were arguingI think he was a bit confused.are faced withcontradictorycontradictorycontradictinginfection nfekn n.感染；传染感染；传染infectnfekt v.使感染使感染;传染传染 infected adj.have an infection 受到感染suffer from an infection 患上感染/传染病get/develop
15、 an infection 受到感染the source of an infection 传染源The other was that cholera was caused by an infection from germs in food or water.White blood cells fight _(infect).Every year,there are people unlucky enough to be infected _ the flu.Some people didnt bother about it because they didnt think they coul
16、d _(infect).infectionwithbe infectedproof pruf n.证据证据;证明证明;检验检验the proof of.的证据/证明have some proof that.有一些证据provide/give proof of.提供.的证据/证明proof of identity 身份证明It was correct,but he still needed proof.They say they have _ the treatment works.Everyone create proof _ their talent,knowledge and skills
17、.must _(provide)before a refund can be made.scientific proofhas an ability toProof _ purchasethatofofbe providedhandle n把手；拉手；柄 vt.处理(deal with)；搬动；操纵(车辆、动物等)(1)the handle of a knife 刀柄(2)handle sth.well/perfectly/badly/poorly 处理某事好/完美/不好/很差handle a problem 处理问题He refused to allow his secretary to h
18、andle secret documents.The police _(handle)conflicts like this.Some people computers,but have no idea how _(handle)other people._(转动把手)and you will open the safe.are expert atare brilliant withhandlingto handleTurn the handlelink n联系；纽带vt.把连接起来；相关联(1)a link between A and B A与B 之间的联系/纽带(2)把把A与与B连接连接/
19、联系起来联系起来link A with/to B Is there a link between poverty and crime?Regular air traffic links the city _ the rest of the country.High unemployment is not necessarily linked _ There are a lot of wireless _(link)in a radio.The television camera _(link)to a computer.the rise in prices.to/withto/withlink
20、sis linkedmultiple adj.数量多的；多种多样的n倍数a multiple crash 连环撞车multiply A by B A乘以Bmultiply five by three 五乘以三multiplication table 乘法表We must multiply our efforts to explore the future and seek truths.The director won _(multiply)awards for the movie.10 is a multiple _5.If you multiply 7 _3,you will get 21
21、.Joy _(multiply)when it is _(share)among friends.multipleofbymultiplies sharedthinking n思想；思维；见解creative thinking 创造性思维to my(way of)thinking 据我的观点，依我看据我的观点，依我看without thinking 不假思索不假思索Immediately he begins to speak,his clear thinking will impress you._(在我看来),health is more important than anything el
22、se._(独立思考)is for all leaders.The _(think)behind the campaign is to help people toCritical _(think)and creative _(think)are very important and necessary for a student in college.a necessary skill realise the importance of environmental protection.To my way of thinkingIndependent thinkingthinkingthink
23、ing thinkingfinding n发现；调查结果；研究结果；(法律)判决the findings of the survey 调查发现fact finding 查明事实；实地调查direction finding 测向；电子探向What was the finding that Snow announced?The _(find)_ the committee will be published tomorrow.Im moving,so I need boxes _ my _(belong).He keeps all his _(save)in the bank.findingsof
24、forbelongingssavingssolid adj.可靠的；固体的；坚实的n固体a solid foundation 坚实的基础solid waste 固体废料solid ground 坚固的地面liquids and solids 液体与固体You should present solid evidence to prove your point.Ice is water _ a solid state.Coal belongs _ solid fuel.He laid _(坚实的基础)for his future career.intoa solid foundationcast
25、vt.(cast,cast)投射(光、影子等)；投掷 n投，抛(钓线)；(某戏剧或电影的)全体演员cast a shadow over/on sth.投下一片阴影，给蒙上阴影be cast down(by sth.)(因某事)沮丧，不愉快cast back(to)回想；追溯He didnt want to cast a shadow on their happiness.The moon _(cast)bright light over the garden when I saw through the window.You may remember if you cast _ for a f
26、ew days.Anyone would _(cast)down by such news as that.castbackbe castshadow n阴影；影子；背光处cast a shadow 投影in the shadows 在阴暗处in the shadow of 在阴影下eye shadow 眼影，眼睑膏Her fathers illness had cast a shadow over the birth of her baby.Her face was _(被暗影遮掩).Nothing would grow _(在的阴影里)the grey wall.in deep shado
27、win the shadow ofdefend vt.保卫，保护；防御，防守；辩解；为辩护defend.from/against(doing).保护免受defend oneself against sth.保护自己不受；为自己辩护defend oneself 为自己辩护/辩解defend ones argument 为某人的论点辩护The dam was built to defend the road from being washed away by the sea.The fort cannot be defended _ an air attack.Like their childre
28、n,parents are often _(defend)about their private lives.The drunken man in wornout clothes made a gesture in _(defend).from/againstdefensivedefencetrace vt.追溯；追踪；查出 nC痕迹；U遗迹；踪迹trace.back to.追溯到trace.to.追查到The burglar had left several traces of his presence.At last the noise was traced _ a fault in th
29、e pipes.His father claims to be able to trace the family back _ many centuries ago.These quotations cannot readily _(trace)to their sources.totobe tracedgifted adj.有天赋的；有天才的；天资聪慧的(1)gift n.天赋，天才，才能(2)be gifted in(doing)sth.在(做)方面有天赋(be talented in)(3)have a gift/talent for 有天赋show a talent for 显示出天赋
30、be talented in/at 在方面有天赋(4)a gifted dancer/musician 天才舞蹈演员/音乐家He is gifted with the ability to understand various people and their cultures.Man is the only creature that is gifted _ speech.Brian is _(gift)in writing music;he is likely to be.I believe my father is a _(talent)man.a Beethovenwithgifted
31、talentedabstract adj.抽象的；理性的(反义词：concrete具体的)n(文献等的)摘要(1)abstract idea/concept 抽象思想/概念in the abstract 抽象地；理论上(相当于in theory)concrete evidence/proposals/proof 确凿的证据/具体的建议/具体的证明(2)make an abstract of.把的要点摘录下来We may talk of beautiful things,but beauty itself is abstract.I like dogs _ the abstract,but I
32、cant bear this one.You should make _ abstract of what the professor says.“美”和“真理”是抽象的概念。_inan“Beauty”and“truth”are abstract ideas.steady adj.稳定的；平稳地；稳步的steady income 固定的收入be steady in ones principle 坚持原则He is a steady young man.He prefers _ steady life.Relax as much as possible and keep breathing _(
33、steady).The exports _(正稳步增长)year by year.She has _(稳定的收入).asteadilyare steadily increasinga steady incomefault n弱点，缺点；过错，过失；缺陷，毛病，故障Its ones fault for(doing)sth.(做)某事是某人的过失。Its ones fault that.是某人的过失。error,mistakeIn my opinion,both of the drivers were at fault.The more experienced you are,the easier
34、 it is to find fault _ other peoples ideas.If my memory was not _ fault,it was Thursday.He has many _(fault),but cruelty is not one of them.withatfaultsshift n改变；转换；轮班vi.&vt.转移；挪动；转向a shift in sth.某方面的转变a shift of emphasis 重点的转移working in shifts 轮班工作the day/night shift 白班白班/夜班夜班 He shifted his lugga
35、ge to his flat.After the guard his injury,he went on the night shift again._ to shift this box,will you？_This accident caused in public opinion._recovered fromLend me a handa dramatic shiftn.夜班v.挪动n.改变vivid adj.生动的；鲜明的；丰富的vivid memories 清晰的记忆a vivid description of.对.生动的描述give a vivid account of.生动描述.He gave a vivid account of his life as a fighter pilot.The characters in the book are _(vivid)presented.I _(vivid)remember the day we first met.The dream was _(如此逼真)he felt himself to be awake.vividlyvividlyso vivid that
