1、英语 选择性必修三Unit 3 ENVIRONMENTALPROTECTIONDiscovering the rules1 The expert said that from the position of its dead body,the bear appeared to have starved and died.2 The reporter asked whether polar bears would die out because of climate change.3 The reporter asked how we could save polar bears from ex
2、tinction.4 The expert advised us to work together to stop climate change.1 The expert said“from the position of its dead body,the bear appeared to have starved and died.”2 The reporter asked,“Will polar bears die out because of climate change?”3 The reporter asked,“How can we save polar bears from e
3、xtinction?”4“Lets work together to stop climate change,”the expert said.Direct speechIndirect speechTo report what exactly has been saidThe words usually appear in quotation marksTo report what has been said without using the exact wordsNo quotation marksPart 01直接引语和间接引语都是啥？直接引语间接引语引述I have a dream.
4、Martin Luther King said,“I have a dream.”Martin Luther King said that he had a dream.引语的概念引语的概念直接引述别人的原话，叫直接引述别人的原话，叫 _;_;直接引语直接引语Direct Speech 用自己的话把别人的话陈述出来，叫用自己的话把别人的话陈述出来，叫 _。间接引语间接引语indirect Speech直接引语通常都用直接引语通常都用_括起来，括起来，引号引号“”间接引语在多数情况下都构成一个间接引语在多数情况下都构成一个 _。宾语从句宾语从句 直接引语怎么变间接引语？Martin Luther
5、 King said,“I have a dream.”Martin Luther King said that he had a dream.人称变化时态变化句式变化规则01020304人称变化句式变化代词等其他变化时态变化人称变化人称变化0101 I bought pearls for my mother.Tom said.Tom said that he had bought pearls for his mother.(1)一随主:直接引语中有第一人称时，在改为间接引语时，其人称与主句中的主语的人称保持一致。人称变化She said to me,“You speak English b
6、etter than me.”She said to me that I spoke English better than her.(2)二随宾:直接引语中有第二人称时，在改为间接引语时其人称和主句的宾语保持一致。人称变化 She said，“He will be busy.”She said that he would be busy.3)三不变:直接引语中有第三人称时，在改为间接引语时不发生变化。人称变化【注意】如果主句中无宾语，可以根据语境添加合适的宾语。Why are you late again?the teacher asked.The teacher asked me why
7、I was late again.句型转换句型转换（1）“I will come and see you again this evening，Tom，”she said.She told Tom that would go and see again that evening.（2）He said to me，“You are wrong.”He told me that was wrong.（3）“Are you a soldier?”he asked.He asked if/whether was a soldier.（4）He asked，“Where are you going to
8、 get off，John?”He asked John where was going to get off.sheIhimIhe时态变化时态变化02021.She said,“walk.”She said(that)walked.2.She said,“walking.”She said(that)was walking.3.She said,“.”She said(that)had walked.（一般现在时）（一般过去时）（现在进行时）（过去进行时）（现在完成时）（过去完成时）时态变化.主句的谓语动词是过去时主句的谓语动词是过去时,从句时态往前移：从句时态往前移：4.He said,“
9、walked.”He said(that)had walked.5.He said,“.”He said(that)had walked.6.He said,“.”He said(that)would walk.（一般过去时）（过去完成时）（过去完成时）（过去完成时）（一般将来时）（过去将来时）.直接引语 变成 间接引语时，以下情况，时态不变：(1)主句的谓语动词是现在时，从句时态不变;He says,“I didnt broke the window.”He says that he didnt broke the window.(2)直接引语描述:客观事实、真理名言、习惯性动作,从句时态不
10、变;“The earth moves around the sun,”the teacher told us.The teacher told us that the earth moves around the sun.(3)如果直接引语中由具体的过去某年/月/日作状语，从句时态不变。The old man said,“I was born on April 20,1949.”The old man said(that)he was born on April 20,1949.时态变化时态变化 直接引语直接引语间接引语间接引语一般现在时一般现在时一般过去时一般过去时 一般将来时一般将来时过去
11、将来时过去将来时现在进行时现在进行时过去进行时过去进行时 现在完成时现在完成时过去完成时过去完成时一般过去时一般过去时过去完成时过去完成时直接引语是客观真理、谚语或格言时态无变化直接引语是客观真理、谚语或格言时态无变化 句型转换句型转换（1）The teacher said，“You are doing OK.”The teacher said that doing OK.（2）He said，“I have written a novel.”He said that a novel.（3）He said，“She will come here to have a long holiday.”
12、He said that go there to have a long holiday.（4）The teacher said，“Where there is a will，there is a way.”The teacher said that where there a will，there a way.（5）Jane said，“Mary，where were you going when I met you on the bus?”Jane asked Mary where when she met her on the bus.we werehe had writtenshe w
13、ould is she was going is 指示代词、时间状语、地点状语和动词的变化。指示代词、时间状语、地点状语和动词的变化。0303变化项目变化项目直接引语直接引语间接引语间接引语指示代词指示代词thisthese时间状语时间状语nowtodaythis morning/weekthatthosethenthat daythat morning/weekyesterdayten days agotomorrownext weeklast weekthe day before yesterdaythe day after tomorrow地点状语地点状语here方向性方向性动词动词co
14、mebringthe day beforeten days beforethe next day/the following daytheregotaketwo days beforein two days timethe next week/the following weekthe week before 句型转换句型转换（1）“I will come and help you tomorrow，John，”she said.She told John that she would and help her _.（2）“Ill come and see you again this eve
15、ning，Tim，”he said.He told Tim that he would go and see him again .（3）Mr Harry asked，“John，have you passed the exam yesterday?”Mr Harry asked John whether he had passed the exam _.（4）The old man said，“I like to talk with these young men.”The old man said that he liked to talk with young men.（5）She sa
16、id to me，“I lived here five years ago.”She told me she had lived five years .the next daythat eveningthe day before thosetherego before句型的变化句型的变化0404语序变化与句式转换1.“I dont know that,”he said.He said(that)he didnt know that.陈述句用that引导,that可省略2.Mother asked me,“Have you finished your homework?”Mother aske
17、d me whether/if I had finished my homework.一般疑问句用whether/if 引导3.“How many sleeping pills have you taken?”asked the nurse.The nurse asked me how many sleeping pills I had taken.The teacher asked,“Where have you been?”The teacher asked me where I had been.特殊疑问句由连接代词或连接副词引导的宾语从句。4.“What about starting
18、early tomorrow morning?”Jack said.Jack suggested starting early tomorrow morning.“Why dont you take the rest of the day off?”asked my assistant.My assistant advised me to take the rest of the day off.表示请求、劝告、建议等意义的疑问句变为间接引语：用suggest doing 或 ask/advise sb to do sth.。5.He said to Ann,“Tell me your pro
19、blem.”He told Ann to tell him her problem.“Be careful with the dog,boys,”she said.She warned the boys to be careful with the dog.“Dont work in bed,Tom,”she said.She told Tom not to work in bed.祈使句祈使句动词（动词（tell,order,ask,warn）+宾语宾语+不定式。不定式。根据划线部分提示，将下列直接引语改为间接引语。(1)Betty said,“My dad thinks I should
20、take the offer now.”.(2)“This used to be the center of the town,”he said.(3)The man said,“My neighbor will be back.”Betty said that her Dad thought she should take the offer then.Exercises:He said that that used to be the center of the town.The man said that his neighbour would be back.(4)She said,“I have come to Chongqing 3 years ago.(5)“Have you read it?”asked Aunt Shelly.(6)“is your first stop?”asked my father.She said that she had come to Chongqing 3 years before.Aunt Shelly asked if/weather I had read it.My father asked me what is my first stop.THANKS
