1、全新版大学英语第四册 01Unit one Fighting with the Forces of NatureBackground informationWatch&DiscussPre-reading ActivitiesUseful expressionsWordspatternsExpressions&PatternsVocabulary Translation ExercisesText StudyText AnalysisBlank fillingSummaryProviding evidenceWritingPre-Reading taskpre-reading tasklHur
2、ricane lCave in lStormlVolcano lGalelMud-rock flowPre-reading tasklAnswer OnelAnswer TwolAnswer ThreeAnswer one:Man changes nature in order to live.however man must also be careful not to disregard the laws of nature.Pre-reading taskBackAnswer three:To save all the resources and keep the natural bal
3、ance.Answer two:Summon up all human beings to protect the environment Text analysisThe icy defender Napoleon HitlerText analysis:(Two invasions)lRussialNapoleonlSpring,1812l600,000lSmolensk,Borodino,the Berezina RiverlSnow,freezing temperaturelSoviet UnionlHitlerl6/22/1941lThe largest land campaign
4、in historylLeningrad,stalingradlHeavy rain,general mud,snow,freezing temperatureText analysis:(The two invasions)lOctober 1812,when Napoleon ordered a retreatlOnly 100,000 survivedlNapoleon abdicated and went into exile,his empire at an endl1943,when the Soviet troops pushed the German forces backlH
5、eavy losseslHitler committed suicide,his empire collapsingLanguage focus:1.But he was not prepared for the devastating enemy that met him in Moscow-the raw bitter,bleak Russian winter.但是他没有料到在莫斯科遭遇劲敌-俄罗斯阴冷凄苦的寒冬。1.Desolate(没希望的2.Lonely（荒凉的）3.Cold（阴冷的）2.To his surprise,the Russians refused to stand an
6、d fight.To ones surprise 令人吃惊的是。To ones delight 令人高兴的是。To ones relief令人欣慰的是。To ones disappointment。令人失望的是To ones regret令人遗憾的是。Text analysis3.By nightfall,thirty thousand French and forty-four thousand Russians lay dead or wounded on the battlefield.Exhausted horses fell dead in their tracks.Some int
7、ransitive like fall,lie,sit,drop can be followed by an adjective which describes the subject of the sentence instead of the action of the verb.e.g.But often it is not until we fall ill that we finally learn to appreciate good health.Little Tom was unable to sit still for longer than a few minutes.4.
8、As Hitlers armies drew closer and closer to Moscow,and early,severe winter settled over the Soviet Union,the harshest in years.正当希特勒的军队逼近莫斯科时，寒冷的冬季早早地降临苏联，那是多年不遇的严寒。The Ukraine farming region was again in Soviet hands.In these sentences,we use synonymous words to avoid repetition.In the controlcolde
9、stText analysis 6,The elements of nature must be reckoned with in any military campaign.任何军事行动都必须考虑到自然的因素。Be reckoned with:be taken into consideratione.g.All these problems had to be reckoned with as they arose.She is a woman to be reckoned withText analysisBackWords and patternsAlliance campaign ca
10、sualty conquest crucial decisive declaration efficient engage heroic instruct invasion launch limp minus occupation offensive raw reckon region render retreat siege stroke toll weaken at the cost of be faced with be bogged down bring to a halt catch sb.off guard die from drag on in the case of press
11、 on stand in the way take a gamble take a toll thanks to turn the tide(against)vocabulary.alliance:a union between countries or organizations联盟1.WTO is considered as the most powerful economic alliance in modern world2.Japan and Germany made their formal alliance in 1940.Campaign:a series of militar
12、y operations or planned activities with a particular aim.战役，战争Some people complained that too much money had been spent on political campaigns.efficient:Able to work well or producing a satisfactory result without wasting time or resources.有效的，便利的Remote terminals in the home,connected to data banks,
13、make the home the most efficient place to work in many cases.家庭中与数据银行相连的远距离控制枢纽使家成为了一个在很多情况下都能工作的有利地方。1.The year 1939 had witnessed the conquest of Poland by Germany.2.Hitler badly miscalculated when he assumed the conquest of the USSR would be simple.Conquest:defeat,征服，打败retreat:move back or withdr
14、aw when faced with danger or difficulty撤退1.After a fierce battle,the troops retreated southward.2.We adopted the following strategies:when the enemy advances,we retreat;when they retreat,we pursue.我们采用了以下策略：敌进我退，敌退我进。declaration:(followed by of)a formal announcement宣布，宣称，声明The opening speeches sound
15、ed more like declarations of war than offerings of peace.declaration of war 宣战catch sb.off guard:take sb.by surprise趁某人不备趁某人不备1.The invitation to his wedding caught me off guard.2.The manager didnt know what to say.It was clear that my question had caught him off guard.be bogged down:be unable to ma
16、ke progress陷入泥潭，不能前进陷入泥潭，不能前进1.Most of the tanks were bogged down because of mechanical defects and inexperienced crews.2.The local government got bogged down in problems of how to handle the emission of hazardous chemicals by industrial facilities.take a gamble:take a risk冒险冒险1.The company took a g
17、amble by cutting the price of their products,and it paid off.2.I think she is taking a gamble investing all her money in stocks.press on/ahead:continue doing sth.in a determined way(不顾困难继续进行）不顾困难继续进行）Press on/ahead with sth.Our school authorities are keen to press on with educational reform.drag on:
18、move slowly and with effort;continue endlessly and tediously.费力地走，拖延费力地走，拖延1.How much longer is the meeting going to drag on?2.These compensation cases have already dragged on for one year.bring to halt:stop completely使停止使停止bring to death:走向死亡 bring to life:复活bring up:养大bring out:呕吐bring about:带来Air
19、 traffic in Poland had been brought to a halt by an air traffic controllers strike.Turn the tide(against):change what looks like defeat into victory.扭转潮流扭转潮流The appearance of Joan of Arc turned the tide of war.thanks to:because of 多亏，幸亏多亏，幸亏1.Thanks to their tireless efforts,the performance was a gr
20、eat success.2.Thanks to our teachers help,we finally all passed the examination.take its/a toll:cause damage,injuries or deaths 造成损伤造成损伤Take its/a toll of/onThe famine took a toll of 3,000,000 lives.His hard work has taken its toll on his stomachHigh wages have taken their toll on the Swedish econom
21、y.BackSummary:When Hitler decided to launch his_ of Russia,he thought that nothing could_ _ _ _ of his armies._,it seemed,was inevitable.He had surprised on his side,_ Stalin _ _ _ by _ his attack without a _ of war.Hitler expected the _ last only a few moths.In the event,it was to _ _ for much long
22、er.Like Napoleon before him,he had made a fatal mistake in failing to _ _ the severity of the Russian weather.Many German soldiers were to _ the cold as winter set in,_ the German advance _ _ _.Backvocabulary Exercises(in textbook)translationParagraph writing:Can Man Triumph over NatureUsing writing strategy:providing evidenceBackFun timeLyricsThe End
