1、1.Code-named“Operation Overlord”,it was the largest combined sea,air and land operation in history,the aim being to free north-west Europe from German occupation.过去分词短语过去分词短语code-named“Operation Overlord”作状语作状语；独立主格结构独立主格结构the aim being to free north-west Europe from German occupation作状语作状语。非非谓语动作状语
2、时，其逻辑主语需与主语主语保持一致。谓语动作状语时，其逻辑主语需与主语主语保持一致。若不一致，非谓语动词形式需另带主语，从而构成复合结构若不一致，非谓语动词形式需另带主语，从而构成复合结构的形式作状语。这种结构称为的形式作状语。这种结构称为“独立主格结构独立主格结构”。独立独立主格结构主格结构构成构成：逻辑主语：逻辑主语(名词、代词名词、代词)+分词分词/不定式不定式/形容词形容词/副词副词/介词短语介词短语功能功能：作状语，表示时间、原因、条件、方式或伴随状况等。：作状语，表示时间、原因、条件、方式或伴随状况等。The table set,they began to dine.名词名词+过去
3、分词，表时间过去分词，表时间Lots of work to do,I have to work extra hours.名词名词+不定式，表原因不定式，表原因Weather permitting,well go sightseeing.名词名词+现在分词，表条件现在分词，表条件The hostess came in,her face serious.名词名词+形容词，表伴随形容词，表伴随The storm over,everything was in peace again.名词名词+副词，表时间副词，表时间He rushed into the classroom,book in hand.名
4、词名词+介词短语，表伴随介词短语，表伴随eg She freed the bird from the cage.Besides building my body,after-class activities also free me from the heavy work of study.(翻译翻译)她她把鸟从笼子里放走了。把鸟从笼子里放走了。除了强身健体外，课外活动也让我从繁重的学业中解脱出来。除了强身健体外，课外活动也让我从繁重的学业中解脱出来。free from:to allow someone to say and do what they want,after controllin
5、g or restricting them in the past 把把从从中解放出来中解放出来；使使免除免除/摆脱摆脱Code-named“Operation Overlord”,it was the largest combined sea,air and land operation in history,the aim being to free north-west Europe from German occupation.2.I have full confidence in your courage,devotion to duty and skill in battle.ha
6、ve confidence in:to feel certain that something is true 对对有信心；信任有信心；信任eg You should have more confidence in your own abilities.She had complete confidence in the doctors.lose confidence in 对对失去信心失去信心be confident about 对对充满信心充满信心be confident of 对对有把握有把握be confident that 确信确信 eg The more he fails,the
7、more he loses confidence in his abilities.We are confident about our future.=We have confidence in our future.【语境应用语境应用】完成句子。完成句子。1)At first,Jane wouldnt let her son go diving,but eventually she gave in as he had full confidence _ his skills.2)We are confident _ the environment will be improved by o
8、ur further efforts to reduce pollution.3)They dont sound confident _ the future of the industry.4)I _(对对没有信心没有信心)him after his behavior in recent months.inthataboutdont have confidence in3.With these words ringing in their ears,Allied soldiers prepared for what would become known as D-Day.with these
9、 words ringing in their ears是是with复合结构，在句复合结构，在句中作状语中作状语。with引导的复合结构通常可以表示状态或者说明背景情况。引导的复合结构通常可以表示状态或者说明背景情况。with复合结构构成：复合结构构成：with+宾语宾语+宾补宾补 该结构常在句中作状语，表原因、方式、时间、条件或伴随该结构常在句中作状语，表原因、方式、时间、条件或伴随状况等。状况等。1)with+宾语宾语+现在分词现在分词(主动或正在进行主动或正在进行)eg The weather was even colder with the wind blowing.2)with+宾语
10、宾语+过去分词过去分词(被动或已经完成被动或已经完成)eg With all the work finished,they hurried back home for lunch.3)with+宾语宾语+动词不定式动词不定式(尚未发生尚未发生)eg With so many things to deal with,I cant go on holiday.4)with+宾语宾语+形容词形容词/副词副词/介词短语介词短语(状态状态)eg We lay in bed with the window open.She went out,with the lights on.4.Their objec
11、tive was clear:to reach the Normandy beaches:to reach the Normandy beaches along about 80 kilometres of French coastline.objective n.something you are trying hard to achieve,especially in business/politics 目的目的，目标目标achieve/meet an objective 达到目标达到目标set an objective 制定制定目标目标eg His objective was to pl
12、ay golf and win.Can the sales team achieve/meet its financial objectives?Managers should set specific performance objectives for their teams.eg an objective report I believe that a journalist should be completely objective.I would really like to have your objective opinion on this.objective adj.base
13、d on facts,or making a decision that is based on facts rather than on feelings/beliefs 客观客观的，公正的的，公正的【语境应用语境应用】翻译句子。翻译句子。1)主主要目的是要使儿童的地理知识得到增长。要目的是要使儿童的地理知识得到增长。The main objective was to improve childrens knowledge of geography.2)科学家作研究时要客观。科学家作研究时要客观。Scientists need to be objective when doing resea
14、rch.5.Boats were hit and men drowned,while those who did make it to the beach faced heavy machine gunfire.did make表示强调。表示强调。助动词助动词do/does/did+动词原形动词原形：强调强调谓语动词不能用强调句型谓语动词不能用强调句型It is/wasthat.,可以借助于助可以借助于助动词动词do/does/did。陈述句陈述句中：的确，确实；祈使句中：一定，务必。中：的确，确实；祈使句中：一定，务必。【注意注意】do/does/did只对肯定的谓语动词进行强调只对肯定的谓
15、语动词进行强调,没有否定式和疑问没有否定式和疑问式，且只用于一般现在时或一般过去时。式，且只用于一般现在时或一般过去时。eg Honestly speaking,he did make a brilliant remark on the film.We do spend a good deal of our time waiting.Do be careful next time.Boats were hit and men drowned,while those who did make it to the beach faced heavy machine gunfire.drown v.
16、1)to die from being under water for too long,or to kill someone in this way 使使淹死；淹没淹死；淹没 2)if a loud noise drowns out another sound,it prevents it from being heard (声音声音)盖过，淹没盖过，淹没drown out 淹没淹没；盖过；盖过eg He had attempted to rescue the drowning man.A child can drown in only a few inches of water.A tra
17、in blew its whistle and drowned his voice.Her voice was drowned out by a loud crash.【语境应用语境应用】翻译句子。翻译句子。1)洪水淹没了许多房屋。洪水淹没了许多房屋。The flood drowned many houses.2)她的声音被瀑布的水声给淹没了。她的声音被瀑布的水声给淹没了。Her voice was drowned out by the noise of the waterfall.make it:1)to become successful 获得成功获得成功 2)to manage to a
18、rrive on time 准时到达，赶上准时到达，赶上 3)to be able to be present at a particular event 能参加，能出席能参加，能出席 4)to succeed in reaching safety or in surviving 渡过渡过难关难关eg Its tough to succeed in this business,but if you work hard I know youll make it eventually.The flight leaves in twenty minutes well never make it.Im
19、 sorry I didnt make it to your party last night.Hes very sick.The doctor doesnt think hes going to make it.6.One soldier recalled how he barely made it with bombs falling all around himeg You dont happen to recall his name,do you?I dont recall seeing any cars parked outside.recall v.to remember a pa
20、rticular fact,event,or situation from the past 回想回想，回忆起，回忆起recall doing sth.想起想起做过某事做过某事recall that 回想回想起起【语境应用语境应用】完成句子。完成句子。1)She recalled _(see)him outside the shop on the night of the robbery.2)Can you recall exactly _ happened?3)Both countries _(recall)their ambassadors last month and he _(reca
21、ll)to military duty.seeingwhatrecalledwas recalled【注意注意】barely是否定意义的副词，置句首时，句子部分倒装：是否定意义的副词，置句首时，句子部分倒装：将助动词、情态动词、联系动词将助动词、情态动词、联系动词be放主语前。还有放主语前。还有never,neither,nor,hardly,seldom,little,rarely。barely adv.1)only with great difficulty or effort 勉强勉强才能才能 2)almost not 几乎几乎不不eg Mary had barely enough mo
22、ney to live on.We barely had time to catch the train.Barely could I speak any French before I went to France.Hardly could she believe her own eyes.Rarely did he fail to keep his promise.【语境应用语境应用】翻译句子。翻译句子。1)她年纪非常大，只能勉强走几步路。她年纪非常大，只能勉强走几步路。She was very old and barely able to walk.2)她几乎注意不到他。她几乎注意不到他
23、。She was barely aware of his presence.3)他很少看望父母，这让我十分吃惊。他很少看望父母，这让我十分吃惊。Rarely did he visit his parents,which surprised me very much.7.The Allied forces then prepared to enter Germany,where they would meet up with the Soviet military moving in from the east.meet up with:to meet someone 与与偶遇偶遇/碰面碰面/会
24、合会合 eg Ive got to go now,but Ill meet up with you e up with 想想出，想到出，想到end up with 以以结束结束keep up with 跟上跟上；与；与保持联系保持联系put up with 忍受忍受，容忍，容忍【语境应用语境应用】完成句子。完成句子。1)Instead of going straight home from school she took the bus to the mall and _(与与碰面碰面)her father there.2)The man _ a plan that the majority
25、of people approved of.3)Smell the flowers before you go to sleep,and you may just _ sweet dreams.met up withcame up withend up with8.,where people were coming together for memorial ceremonies.memorial adj.done or made in order to remind people of someone who has died 纪念纪念的；追悼的的；追悼的 n.something,espec
26、ially a stone with writing on it,reminds people of someone who has died 纪念物纪念物，纪念碑，纪念碑memory n.记忆力记忆力；回忆；回忆memorize v.记住记住；熟记；熟记memorable adj.难忘难忘的；值得纪念的的；值得纪念的【语境应用语境应用】翻译句子。翻译句子。1)A memorial service will be held at 7 pm on Saturday.周六晚上七时将举行追悼仪式。周六晚上七时将举行追悼仪式。2)We want to make this a truly memorab
27、le day for the children.我们想让今天成为孩子们永远难忘的日子。我们想让今天成为孩子们永远难忘的日子。3)He studied his map,trying to memorize the way to Roses street.他研究了地图，试图记住到罗丝家那条街的路。他研究了地图，试图记住到罗丝家那条街的路。9.Age shall not weary them,nor the years condemn.condemn v.1)if it condemns someone to something,it forces them to live in an unplea
28、sant way or to do something unpleasant 迫使迫使(某人某人)处于不幸的境地处于不幸的境地 2)to say very strongly that you do not approve of something or someone,especially it is morally wrong 指责指责，谴责，谴责【归纳归纳】condemn sb./sth.for doing sth.因因而责备而责备condemn sb.to sth./condemn sb.to do sth.迫使迫使接受困境（或不愉快的状况）接受困境（或不愉快的状况）condemn st
29、h./sb.as.指责指责为为eg He felt condemned to being alone.Mark was condemned to do most of the work.The papers were quick to condemn him for his mistake.She is often condemned as uncaring.【语境应用语境应用】翻译句子。翻译句子。1)His occupation condemned him to spend long periods of time away from his family.他的职业迫使他长时间地离开家人。他
30、的职业迫使他长时间地离开家人。2)Politicians were quick to condemn the violence.政治家们立即对暴力事件进行了谴责。政治家们立即对暴力事件进行了谴责。完成句子。完成句子。1)She knew that society would _ _(因为她遗弃了孩子而谴责她因为她遗弃了孩子而谴责她).2)As an old person,he _(经常经常迫于无奈而独自生活迫于无奈而独自生活).condemn her for leaving her children is often condemned to live alone 10.Although ea
31、ch year they are fewer in number,their outstanding acts of courage mean thatoutstanding adj.extremely good 杰出杰出的，优秀的的，优秀的eg His performance was outstanding.He was outstanding at tennis and mander,tide,troop,parachuteMatch the word with the correct definition.soldiers in an organized group the regula
32、r rising and falling of the sea an officer of any rank who is in charge of a group of soldiers an equipment fastened to the back of people who jump out of planes,which makes them fall slowly and safely to the groundtrooptidecommanderparachutesolemn,violence,coastline,weary,horror the land on the edg
33、e of the coast behavior that is intended to hurt other people physically something that is very terrible,shocking,or frightening very serious,because sth.bad has happened or you are at an important occasion very tired or bored,especially because you have been doing sth.for a long timecoastlineviolencehorrorsolemnweary
