1、RetroRetroThe Words That Changed A NationRetroRetroLincoln MemorialWashington MonumentRetroRetroIn this temple as in the hearts of the people for whom he saved the union,the memory of Abraham Lincoln is enshrined forever.RetroRetroRetroRetroHow did slave owners regard their slaves?What was a slaves
2、life like?Choose the book in which you would most likely find the passage.1 The Power of Speech2 Famous US Presidents3 Great Battles in HistoryOn 19 November 1863,in a field in Gettysburg,PennsylvaniaThe Battle of Gettysburg in 1863,which resulted in over 50,000 casualtiesWhat was Lincolns purpose i
3、n giving the speech?He wanted to give the people hope,belief and a reason to look to the future.On a grey afternoon on 19 November 1863,a tall,thin man mounted a platform in a field in Gettysburg,Pennsylvania and began to speak.The place was the site of a recent battle where thousands of soldiers ha
4、d died.定语从句定语从句The man was Abraham Lincoln,President of the United States of America and he was there in memory of（为了纪念）the soldiers who had died.The speech he gave was just 268 words long and lasted two minutes.But this address to the crowd changed the minds of his people and helped shape（塑造）a nati
5、on.At that time,America was bitterly divided（分裂，分歧）.For two years,its people had been deep in a civil war（内战）between the slave-owning Confederate Southern States and the“free”Northern States of the Union.The worst battle lasted three days and took place at Gettysburg in 1863.The Union side won but a
6、t a great cost（付出巨大代价）.Over 50,000 soldiers werekilled or wounded,and people lost hope and purpose.What was all this suffering for?Lincoln understood the feelings of the civilian people（平民）.His speech gave them hope,beliefand a reason to look to the future（展望未来）.He gave them a new vision of what the
7、 United States of America should be（宾语从句）,based on the ideals set down by its Founding Fathers（开国元勋）87 years before.It was what the soldiers had died for.（表语从句）Now it was up to the living to remove not only the divisions between North and South,but the boundaries between black and white,and work ste
8、p by step（一步步）towards the equality of humankind.Four score and seven years ago our fathers brought forth（建立，使产生）,upon this continent,a new nation,conceived（孕育，构想）in Liberty,and dedicated to the proposition（主张）that all men are created equal.八十七年前八十七年前，我们先辈在这个大陆上创立了，我们先辈在这个大陆上创立了一个新国家，它一个新国家，它孕育于自由之中孕
9、育于自由之中，奉行奉行一切一切人生来平等的原则。人生来平等的原则。The Gettysburg Address -By Abraham Lincoln同位语从句同位语从句Now we are engaged in（从事）a great civil war,testing whether that nation,or any nation,so conceived,and so dedicated,can long endure.We are met here on a great battlefield of that war.We have come to dedicate a portio
10、n of（一部分）it as a final resting place for those who here gave their lives that that nation might live（目的状语从句）.It is altogether fitting and proper that we should do this（主语从句）.我们正我们正从事从事一场伟大的内战，以考验这个国家，或者任何一个孕育于自一场伟大的内战，以考验这个国家，或者任何一个孕育于自由和奉行上述原则的国家是否能够由和奉行上述原则的国家是否能够长久存在下去长久存在下去。我们在这场战争中的。我们在这场战争中的一个
11、伟大战场上集会。烈士们为使这个国家能够生存下去而献出了自己一个伟大战场上集会。烈士们为使这个国家能够生存下去而献出了自己的生命，我们来到这里，是要把这个战场的一部分奉献给他们的生命，我们来到这里，是要把这个战场的一部分奉献给他们作为最后作为最后安息之所安息之所。我们这样做是。我们这样做是完全应该而且非常恰当完全应该而且非常恰当的的。But in a larger sense（从更广泛意义上说）,we can not dedicate we can not consecrate we can not hallow this ground.The brave men,living and dead
12、,who struggled here,have consecrated it far above our poor power to add or detract.但是，但是，从更广泛的意义上说从更广泛的意义上说，这块土地我们不能够奉献，不能够，这块土地我们不能够奉献，不能够圣化圣化，不能够不能够神化神化。那些曾在这里战斗过的勇士们，活着的和去世的，已经。那些曾在这里战斗过的勇士们，活着的和去世的，已经把这块土地圣化了，这把这块土地圣化了，这远不是我们微薄的力量所能增减的远不是我们微薄的力量所能增减的。The world will little note,nor long remember,
13、what we say here（宾语从句）,but can never forget what they did here.It is for us,the living,rather to be dedicated here to the unfinished work which they have,thus far,so nobly carried on（继续）.我们今天在这里所说的话，全世界不大会注意，也不会长久地记我们今天在这里所说的话，全世界不大会注意，也不会长久地记住，但勇士们在这里所做过的事，全世界却永远不会忘记。住，但勇士们在这里所做过的事，全世界却永远不会忘记。毋宁毋宁说
14、说，倒是我们这些还活着的人，应该在这里把自己奉献于勇士们，倒是我们这些还活着的人，应该在这里把自己奉献于勇士们已经如此崇高地向前推进但尚未完成的事业。已经如此崇高地向前推进但尚未完成的事业。It is rather for us to be here dedicated to the great task remaining before us that（同位语从句）from these honored dead we take increased devotion to that cause for which they here gave the last full measure of
15、devotion（定语从句）that（同位语从句）we here highly resolve that（宾语从句）these dead shall not have died in vain;that（宾语从句）this nation,under God,shall have a new birth of freedom;and that（宾语从句）this government of the people（民有）,by the people（民治）,for the people（民享）,shall not perish from the earth.Lincoln talked about
16、 government“of the people,by the people,for the people”.What does this mean?“Of the people”means that government should be made up of or drawn from the people;“by the people”means that government should be run by ordinary people;“for the people”means that government should use its power for the peop
17、les benefit.On 19 November 1863,in a field in Gettysburg,PennsylvaniaThe Battle of Gettysburg in 1863,which resulted in over 50,000 casualtiesIt was a new nation conceived in Liberty and dedicated to the proposition that all men are created equal.It would test whether a nation conceived inLiberty an
18、d delicated to the proposition that all men are created equal can long endure.They gave their lives so that their nation might live.They were brave men whose struggles had consecrated the ground.That this nation shall have a new birth of freedom,and that this government of the people,by the people,for the people,shall not perish from the earth.The living should be dedicated to the task.
