1、英国文学史及选读第一册复习要点1. Beowulf: national epic of the English people; Denmark story; alliteration, metaphors and understatements (此处可能会有填空,选择等小题2. Romance (名词解释3. “Sir Gawain and the Green Knight”: a famous roman about King Arthur s story4. Ballad(名词解释5. Character of Robin Hood6. Geoffrey Chaucer: founder
2、 of English poetry; The Canterbury Tales (main contents; 124 stories planned, only 24 finished; written in Middle English; significance; form: heroic couplet7. Heroic couplet (名词解释 8. Renaissance(名词解释 9.Thomas More Utopia10. Sonnet(名词解释 11. Blank verse(名词解释 12. Edmund Spenser “The Faerie Queene” 13.
3、 Francis Bacon “essays” esp. “Of Studies” (推荐阅读,学习写正式语体的英文文章的好参照,本 文用词正式优雅,多排比句和长句,语言造诣非常高,里面很多话都可以引用做格言警句,非常值 得一读14. William Shakespeare四大悲剧比较重要,此外就是罗密欧与朱立叶了,这些剧的主题,背景,情 节,人物形象都要熟悉,当然他最重要的是 Hamlet 这是肯定的。他的 sonnet 也很重要,最重要属 sonnet18。 (其戏剧中著名对白和几首有名的十四行诗可能会出选读15. John Milton 三大史诗非常重要,特别是 Paradise Los
4、t 和 Samson Agonistes。对于 Paradise Lost 需要知道它是 blank verse写成的,故事情节来自 Old Testament,另外要知道此书 theme 和 Satan 的 形象。16. John BunyanThe Pilgrim s Progress17. Founder of the Metaphysical school John Donne; features of the school: philosophical poems, complex rhythms and strange images.18. Enlightenment(名词解释19
5、. Neoclassicism(名词解释20. Richard Steele“The Tatler”21. Joseph Addison“The Spectator” 这个比上面那个要重要, 注意这个报纸和我们今天的报纸不一 样,它虚构了一系列的人物,以这些人物的口气来写报纸上刊登的散文,这一部分要仔细读。 22. Steel s and Addison s styles and their contributions23. Alexander Pope: “Essay on Criticism”, “Essay on Man”, “The Rape of Lock”, “The Duncia
6、d”; his workmanship (features and limitations24. Jonathan Swift: “Gulliver s Travels” 此书非常重要,要知道具体内容,就是 Gulliver 游历过的四个 地方的英文名称,和每个部分具体的讽刺对象 ; (我们主要讲了三个地方 “A Modest Proposal” 比 较重要,要注意作者用的 irony 也就是反讽手法。25. The rise and growth of the realistic novel is the most prominent achievement of 18th century
7、English literature.26. Daniel Defoe: “Robinson Crusoe”, “Moll Flanders”, 当然是 Robinson Crusoe比较重要,剧情要清 楚, Robinson Crusoe的形象和故事中蕴涵的早期黑奴的原形, 以及殖民主义的萌芽。 另外注意 Defoe 的 style 和 feature ,另外 Defoe 是 forerunner of English realistic novel。27. Samuel Richardson “Pamela” (first epistolary novel, “Clarissa Harlo
8、we”, “Sir Charles Grandison”28. Henry Fielding: “Joseph Andrews”, “Jonathan Wild”, “Tom Jones” 第一个和第三个比较重要,需要 仔细看。他是一个比较重要的作家,另外 Fielding 也被称为 father of the English novel.29. Laurence Sterne“Tristram Shandy” 项狄传30. Richard Sheridan“The School for Scandal”31. Oliver Goldsmith“The Traveller”(poem, “Th
9、e Deserted Village” (poem (both two poems were written by heroic couplet, “The Vicar of Wakefield” (novel, “The Good-Natured Man” (comedy, “She stoops to Conquer” (comedy, “The Citizen of the World” (collection of essays32. Sentimentalism(名词解释33. Thomas Gray“Elegy Written in a Country Churchyard” (英
10、国诗歌里非常著名的一首,曾经被 誉为 “ 有史以来英国诗歌里最好的一首 ” (a representative of sentimentalism and graveyard school of poets 墓园派诗人 * Graveyard School / Poets”: A term applied to eighteenth -century poets who wrote meditative poems, usually set in a graveyard, on the theme of human mortality, in moods which range from el
11、egiac pensiveness to profound gloom. The vogue resulted in one of the most widely known English poems, Thomas Gray s “Elegy written in a country churchyard”. The writing of graveyard poems spread from England to Continental literature in the second part of the century and also influenced some Americ
12、an poets.34. In the latter half of the 18th century, Pre-Romanticism; representative: William Blake and Robert Burns.35. Thomas Percy “Reliques of Ancient English poetry” 许多中古的民谣都是在这个时期重新收集 和整理起来的,这个集子是那个时代比较有名的一个民谣集。36. William Blake 比较重要,需要对主要作品有所了解,特别是 Songs of Innocence 和 Songs of Experience, 这两
13、本集子的 contrast 一定要注意,另外 Blake 的写作特点也要注意,比如语言的简单 明了,神秘主义氛围等。37. Robert Burns伟大的苏格兰民族诗人 , A Red Red Rose, Scots Wha Hae, Auld Lang Syne等名诗,写 作特点 : Scottish dialect; a poet of peasant and Scottish people; plain language; influence from Scottish folk songs and ballads; musical quality of his poems.英国文学史及
14、选读第二册练习题I. 浪漫主义时期I. Each of the statements below is followed by four alternative answers. Choose the one that would best complete the statement and put the letter in the brackets.1. English Romanticism is generally said to have begun with_in 1798.A. the publication of Lyrical BalladsB. the death of
15、Sir ScottC. the birth of William WordsworthD. the passage of the first Reform Bill in the Parliament2. The Romantic Period is first of all an age of_.A. Novel B. poetry C. drama D. prose3. Romanticism does not emphasize_.A. the special qualities of each individual s mindB. the inner world of the hum
16、an spiritC. individualityD. the features that men have in common4._ is not a Romantic poet.A. William Blake B. Sir Scott C. P. B. Shelley D. Lord Byron5. _ is a Romantic novelist but is impressed with neo-classic strains.A. Walter Scott B. Mary ShelleyC. Jane Austen D. Ann Radcliff6. _ is not charac
17、teristic of William Blake s writing.A. plain and direct language B. compression of meaningC. supernatural quality D. symbolism7. Wordsworth published Lyrical Ballads in 1789 with _.A. Byron B. Coleridge C. Shelley D. Keats8. Wordsworth thinks that _ is the only subject of literary interest.A. the li
18、fe of rising bourgeoisieB. aristocratic lifeC. the life of the royal familyD. common life9. Don Juan is the masterpiece of_.A. Lord Byron s B. P. B. Shelley sC. John Keats s D. Samuel Coleridge s10. _ is not a novel written by Jane Austen.A. Jane Eyre B. Sense and SensibilityC. Pride and Prejudice D
19、. EmmaII. Complete each of the following statements with a proper word or a phrase according to the textbook. 1. In essence, Romanticism designates a literary and philosophical theory which tends to see the_as the very center of all life and all experience.2. For the Romantics, _ is not only the maj
20、or source of poetic imagery, but also provides the dominant subject matter.3. Wordsworth is regarded as a “worshipper of _.”4. According to the subjects, Wordsworth s short poems can be classified into two groups: poems about nature and poems about _.5. Coleridge s achievement as poet can be divided
21、 into two remarkably diverse groups: _ and the conversational.6. As a leading Romanticist, Byron s chief contribution is his creation of the “_.”7. “_” is Shelley s representative work.8. _ are generally regarded as Keats s most important and mature work.9. “Beauty is truth, truth beauty” is a famou
22、s line in Keats s “_.”10. _is the most delightful of Jane Austen s work.III. Decide whether the following statements are true or false and write your answers in the brackets. ( 1. The Romantic period is also a great age of prose.( 2. Romantics also tend to be nationalistic, defending their own liter
23、ary heritage against the advocatesof classical rules.( 3. Coleridge has been rewarded as Poet Laureate.( 4. Keats is one of the “Lake Poets.”( 5. Jane Austen is a typical Romantic writer.IV . Name the author of each of the following literary work.1. “The Rime of the Ancient Mariner”2. Songs of Innoc
24、ence3. “Ode to a Nightingale”4. “A Song: Men of England”5. The PreludeV . Define the literary terms listed below1. Romanticism2. OdeVI. For each of the quotations listed below please give the name of the author and the title of the literary work from which it is taken and then briefly interpret it.1
25、.Be through my lips to unawakened Earth.The trumpet of a prophecy! O, Wind,If winter comes, can Spring be far behind?2. For oft, when on my couch I lieIn vacant or in pensive mood,They flash upon that inward eyeWhich is the bliss of solitude;And then my heart with pleasure fills,And dances with the
26、daffodils.Keys:I. 1.A 2.B 3.D 4.B 5.C 6.C 7.B 8.D 9.A 10.AII.1.individual 2. human life 3.nature 4.human life5.the demonic 6.Byronic hero 7. Ode to the West Wind8. The odes 9. Ode on a Grecian Urn 10. Pride and PrejudiceIII. 1.T 2.T 3.F 4.F 5.FIV . 1.Coleridge 2. Blake 3. Keats 4. Shelley 5. Wordswo
27、rthV . 1. Romanticism is a movement that flourished in literature, philosophy, music and art in western culture during most of the nineteenth century, beginning as a revolt against classicism. There have been many varieties of Romanticism in many different times and places. The leading features of R
28、omantic movements are Wordsworth, Shelley, etc.2. Ode is a complex and often lengthy lyric poem, written in a dignified formal style on some lofty or serious subject. Odes are often written for a special occasion, to honour a person or a season or to commemorate an event.VI. 1. It is taken from Shel
29、ley s Ode to the West Wind. In this poem, Shelley eulogizes the powerful west wind and expresses his eagerness to enjoy the boundless freedom from the reality. In these last lines, the poet shows his optimistic spirit for the future.2. It is taken from Wordsworth s “I Wandered Lonely as a Cloud.” Th
30、e poet thinks that it is a bliss to recollect the beauty of nature in his mind while he is in solitude. He expresses his strong affecting for nature in the poem.II. 维多利亚时期I. Each of the statement below is followed by four alternative answers. Choose the one that would best complete the statement and
31、 put the letter in the brackets1. The Victorian period roughly began at the enthronement of Queen Victoria in_.A. 1835 B. 1836 C. 1837 D. 18382. The critical realists like Charles Dickens in the Victorian period wrote novels_.A. representing the 18th century realist novelB. criticizing the societyC.
32、 defending the massE. all the above3. _is not a Victoria novelist.A. Charles DickensB. George EliotC. William Makepeace ThackerayD. D. H. Lawrence4. _ is not a work by Charles Dickens.A. Oliver Twist B. David CopperfieldC. Middlemarch D. A Tale of Two Cities5. Wuthering Heights is a masterpiece writ
33、ten by_.A. Charlotte Bronte B. Emily BronteC. Anne Bronte D. Branwell Bronte6. _ is not Thomas Hardy s work.A. The Mill on the FlossB. Tess of the DUrbervillesC. Jude the ObscureD. The Mayor of Casterbridge7. “My Last Duchess” is _.A. a dramatic monologue B. a short lyricC. a novel D. an essay8. Ten
34、nyson s “Ulysses” gets its inspiration from the following works or writers except_.A. Homer s Odessey B. Joyce s UlyssesC. Dante D. Greek Mythology9. In the 19th century English literature, a new literary trend _ appeared. And it flourished in the 1840s and in the early 1950s.A. romanticism B. natur
35、alismC. realism D. critical realism10. The title of the novel Vanity Fair was taken from_.A. The Pilgrim s ProgressB. Childe Harold s PilgrimageC. Gulliver s TravelsD. The Canterbury TalesII. Complete each of the following statements with a proper word or a phrase according to the textbook1. The aes
36、theticists such as Oscar Wilde in the Victorian period advocated the theory of “_.”2. In the Victorian period, _became the most widely read and the most vital and challengingexpression of progressive thought.3. Charles Dickens is one of the greatest _ writers of the Victorian Age.4. Tennyson s poem
37、“_” is in memory of his bosom friend Arthur Hallam.5. Robert Browning is famous for his _.6. George Eliot s _ is one of the most mature works in English literature.7. Tennyson s famous dramatic monologue based on the story in Greek Mythology is “_.”8. _ is Dickens first child hero.9. Jane Eyre repre
38、sents those_-class working women who are struggling for recognition of their basic rights and equality as a human being.10. The most important poet of the Victorian Age was_. Next to him were Robert Browning and his wife.III. Decide whether the following statements are true of false and write your a
39、nswers in the brackets. ( 1. The Victorian period has been generally regarded as one of the most glorious in the English history. ( 2. Tennyson is famous for his aesthetic viewpoint of “art for art s sake.”( 3. Wuthering Heights is the masterpiece of Charlotte Bronte s.( 4. Browning s “Meeting at Ni
40、ght” and “Parting at Morning” were originally one poem in dramatic monologue.( 5. Naturalism has played an important part in Thomas Hardy s work.IV . Name the author of each of the following literary works.1. The Posthumous Papers of the Pickwick Club2. The Tenant of Wildfell Hall3. In Memoriam4. Th
41、e Mill on the Floss5. The Return of the NativeV . Define the literary terms listed below.1. Dramatic Monologue2. Critical RealismVI. For each of the quotations listed below please give the name of the author and the title of the literary work from which it is taken and then briefly interpret it.1. T
42、hat same evening the gentleman in the white waistcoat most positively and decidedly affirmed, not only that Oliver would be hung, but that he would be drawn and quartered into the bargain. Mr. Bumble shoot his head with gloomy mystery, and said he wished he might come to good; where unto Mr. Gamfiel
43、d replied, that he wished he might come to him-which, although he agreed with the beadle in most matters, would seem to be a wish of a totally opposite description.The next morning, the public were once more informed that Oliver Twist was again To Let, and that five pounds would be paid to anybody w
44、ho would take possession of him.2. Thus, neither having the clue to the other s secret, they were respectively puzzled at what each revealed, and awaited new knowledge of each other s character and moods without attempting to pry into each other s history.Every day, every hour, brought to him one mo
45、re little stroke of her nature, and to her one more of his. Tess was trying to lead a repressed life, but she little divined the strength of her own vitality.Keys:I. 1.B 2.D 3.D 4.C 5.B 6.A 7.A 8.B 9.D 10.AII. 1. art for art s sake 2. the novel3. critical realist 4. Break, Break, Break5. dramatic mo
46、nologue 6. Middlemarch7. Ulysses 8. Oliver Twist9. middle 10. TennysonIII. 1. T 2. F 3. F 4. F 5. TIV . 1. Charles Dickens 2. Anne Bronte3. Alfred Tennyson 4. George Eliot5. Thomas HardyV . 1. Dramatic Monologue is a kind of narrative poem in which one character speaks to one or more listeners whose
47、 replies are not given in the poem. The occasion is usually a crucial one In the speaker s personality as well as the incident that is the subjects of the poem. An example of a dramatic monologue is “My Last Duchess” by Robert Browning.2. Critical Realism is a literary movement in the 19th century. It sticks to the principal of faithful representation of the 18th century realistic novel and carries its duty forward to the criticism of the society and the defense of the mass. The representative figures are Dickens, the Bronte s, etc.VI. 1. It is taken from Charles D
