1、一、 词类1、 名词(1) 不可数名词都默认为单数,用“is”(2) 可数名词复数变化规则:2、 动词3、 形容词:主要修饰名词或代词,“.的”。4、 副词:主要修饰动词或形容词,“.地”,变副词一般+ly,如loudly、happily、well(good)5、 代词(1) 人称代词和物主代词:动词前用主格,动词后用宾格。(2) 指示代词:指近处this(这个)-these(这些);指远处that(那个)-those(那些)6、 冠词:a、an、the an:用于元音音素(一般a、e、i、o、u)前。 the:表示某个或某些特定的人或东西。7、数词基数词:表示数量,如 one,two,thr
2、ee,four,five,six,seven,eight,nine,teneleven,twelve, thirteen, fourteen, fifteen, sixteen, seventeen,eighteen, nineteentwenty ,thirty ,forty ,fifty,sixty,seventy,eighty,ninety.a hundred,a thousand,a million,a billion,one hundred and one.序数词:表示顺序,如first (1st) ,second (2nd) ,third (3rd) ,fourth (4th) ,
3、fifth (5th) ,sixth (6th),seventh (7th) ,eighth (8th),ninth (9th),tenth (10th).二、重点考点1+动词原形 can、 lets、do(do、 does、 dont 、doesnt、diddidnt)、please、should、will、to后。want to +动词原型 , would like to + 动原, forget to + 动原, its time to + 动原。2 +动词ing like/go + 动名词(V-ing) 如:like eating ; go climbing ; go swimming
4、 ; go shopping ; go fishing3 用动词过去式 有yesterday、last year/month/week、ten years ago、then、1880等过去时间标志; 发生在过去,没有时间标志。如:海伦凯勒的事迹、神州5号升天等。 and 并列,前一个动词或后一个动词用了过去式。4+可数名词复数 like +名词复数 如:I like apples。 How many 、different 、some、a lot of、lots of等。 大于1的数词 如two eggs。5same 前加the , 序数词前一定加the , 乐器前加the, 球类前不加the6
5、on、in、at 时间:On+具体某天 如:on Sunday (morning)。 In +早下晚/月/年 如:in the morning/afternoon/evening。 At+时间点 如:at six oclock;at night。 地点:on the farm;on the desk;on your head in +大地点(城市/国家):在.里 如:in China;in the box;in the field。 at+小地点(学校/家/街道几号) 如:at home;at school。 on在.上;under在.后;in在.里;behind在.后;between and
6、 在.之间;7some、any some 用于肯定句或表示请求的疑问句,any 用于否定句或疑问句。 I took some photos yesterday . Can I have some meat? She doesnt have any books . Did he eat any bananas yesterday? 8动词后代词用宾格(动宾)如:join me。 介词后代词用宾格(介宾)如:with him。 形容词加名词(形名) 如: a beautiful girl。 动词加副词(动副) 如: dance beautifully。9There be 结构就近原则 如:Ther
7、e is a teacher and some students in the classroom.10be from; be busy/ free/ absent / late He is from China. 11不可数名词 watercoffeeteamilkjuicebreadricefoodfruitpaperchocolatefishmeat.12.缩写:am-m如I am-Im;is-s,如he is-hes,what is-whats;are-re,如they are-theyre;have-ve,如I have got-Ive got;has-s,如she has got-
8、shes got;not-nt,如was not-wasnt;三、时态 1、一般现在时 (1)一般现在时中的be动词: 一般用原形:am is are am用于第一人称单数(I); is用于第三人称单数(he she it和其他人名或称谓,如:Ben his sister等); are用于第二人称单数(you)和所有复数(包括第一人称复数we、第二人称复数you;第三人称复数they和其他复数,如the children 、 his parents等)。 (2) 一般现在时中的动词: 主语是第三人称单数(he sheit 和其他,如Helenher cousin 等),动词后一般加s或es(详
9、见后表)。 主语不是第三人称单数,动词都用原形。 (3) 一般现在时判断依据: be动词是am、is、are ,动词用原形或加s、es 没有时间状语或有usually、often、everyday、sometimes等不是具体的时间。 2、现在进行时 (1)构成形式:Be+动词的ing形式 (2)判断依据: 一个句子中既有be动词,又有动词加了ing 句中往往有now、look、listen等词。3、一般过去时 (1)一般过去时中的be动词:am/iswas arewere (2) 一般过去时中的动词:一般加d或ed,不规则变化,详见后表。 (3)一般过去时判断依据:有yesterday、la
10、st year/month/week、ten years ago、then、1880等过去时间标志;发生在过去,没有时间标志。如:海伦凯勒的事迹、神州5号升天等。and 并列,前一个动词或后一个动词用了过去式。4、一般将来时 will / be going to +动词原形 动词变化规则表形式构成例词第三人称单数1.一般直接在词尾加-s。like-likes;want-wants;run-runs;help-helps;know-knows;get-gets;read-reads;2.以字母s, x, ch, sh或有些以o结尾的动词加-es。teach-teaches;wash-washes
11、;go-goes;do-does;3.辅音字母+y结尾的动词,变y为i,加-es。carry-carries;fly-flies;try-tries;4.元音字母+y结尾的动词,直接加-s。playplays;saysays;stay-stays;现在分词1.一般情况直接加-ing。looklooking;gogoing;visitvisiting2.以不发音的e结尾的,去e再加-ing。comecoming;makemaking;writewriting;3.以重读闭音节结尾并且只有一个辅音字母的,双写该辅音字母,再加-ing。run-running;stop-stopping;get-ge
12、tting;swim-swimming;sit-sitting;skip-skipping;4.加y结尾的,直接加-ing。study-studying;carry-carrying;fly-flying;cry-crying; play-playing;say-saying;5.以ie结尾的重读开音节动词,变ie为y,加ing。diedying;tietying;lielying;过去式1.一般直接在动词后加-ed。call-called;open-opened;look-looked;want-wanted;need-needed;2.以不发音的字母e结尾的,直接加-d。livelived
13、;movemoved;hopehoped;3.以辅音字母加y结尾的动词,变y为i,加-ed。studystudied;crycried;trytried;以元音字母加y结尾的,直接加-ed。playplayed;enjoyenjoyed;4.以一个辅音字母结尾的重读闭音节动词,双写最后一个辅音字母,再加-ed。stop-stopped;plan-planned;动词过去式不规则变化am/is-was, are-were, do/does-did, have/has-had, let-let, , put-put, read-read, hurt-hurtgo-went, come-came,
14、see-saw, say-said, give-gave, get-got, eat-ate, take-took, run-ran, make-made, write-wrote, draw-drew, drink-drank, fly-flew, ride-rode, speak-spoke, swim-swam, sleep-slept, buy-bought, leave-left, teachtaught, tell-told, feel-felt, meet-met, find-found, forget-forgot, ring-rang, ride-rode, sing-san
15、g/sung, begin-began, learn-learned/learnt, hear-heard, keep-keptsit-sat, catch-caught, know-knew, stand-stood, think-thought, mean-meant, drive-drove, grow-grew小学英语句子专项 一、改复数 1、is变成are was变成were。 2、one或a变成some。 3、可数名词变成复数形式,不可数名词不变。 例:There is a book on the desk.There are some books on the desk. 二、改
16、否定句 1、看句中有无be(am、is、are、was、were),如有,be+ not。 2、看句中有无情态动词can(could)、will(would),如有,情态动词后+ not。 3、无上,就加do(do、does、did),应用助动词+ not。主语+do+not+动词原形+其它。4、注意:some变any,have got的否定形式为havent got。例:There were some trees behind the house. There werent any trees behind the house. Lili has got some stamps from E
17、ngland. Lili hasnt got any stamps from England. Tom did his homework last night. Tom didnt do his homework last night. 三、改一般疑问句 1、看句中有无be动词,如有,把be动词提到句首即可。 2、看句中有无情态动词can(could)、will(would),如有,把情态动词提到句首即可。 3、无上,就加do(do、does、did)。Do+主语+动词原形+其它?4、注意:I变成you,you变成I,sb. have/has got改为have/has sb. got。例:D
18、aming can play basketball very well. Can Daming play basketball very well? I have a book about sports. Do you have a book about sports? 四、划线提问特殊疑问句疑问词意思用法what什么问东西、事、物what colour什么颜色问颜色what time什么时间问具体时间,几点钟when什么时间问大概时间where哪里问地点who谁问人whose谁的问主人how怎样问方式方法、感受how old 多大年纪问年龄how many多少数量(可数名词)问数量how m
19、uch多少钱;多少数量(不可数名词)问价钱,数量1、分析划线成分,选择相应疑问词。2、有becanwill则照写,无则加do(do、does、did),加do后动词用原型。3、其它基本照写。4、注意:I变you,some变any,根据句意添加go、do。例:I want to drink some milk. What do you want to drink?Tom will go swimming tomorrow. What will Tom do tomorrow?五、排序主语+谓语+宾语/主语+系动词+表语,定语、状语、补语等。1、 看标点。 “.”先找主语或there be “?”
20、先找疑问词(what,who,when,where,how等)或can、be、will、do、have.got注:有疑问词和do,先理解句意,一般情况下疑问词在前,do在后,如:How many eggs do you want?2、找出短语或固定搭配。3、猜测内容。 完善1,组合2, +事情+地点/方式/时间等。六、听力部分 一、注意单词读音. 二、听录音完成短文 (1)注意单复数: How many后; some/any/many/a lot of/ two,three后; all the后面; between后面 are 前面的人称用复数: we/they/the children 用复数(2)注意第三人称单数,动词加上s或者es(3)注意动词ing: be动词后,like后 (3)首字母大写 三、注意易写错的单词