1、（新版）八年级英语下册 Module 4学习材料1. 构词法：身体部位的某些名词+ ache（疼痛）构成短语为：have （got） / get a表示 患了病”（考点）：head+ache=headache/ stomach+ache=stomachachetooth+ache=toothache/ back+ache=backache2. ill和sick都代表 生病的，有病的”（考点）：ill : 一般放在系动词后面作表语，不能放在名词前修饰名词作定语，叫叙述形容词ill （形容词）一（名词）illness病，疾病 sick :既可在系动词后面作表语，也能放在名词前修饰名词作定语，叫状态
2、形容词例题：（）.The nurse looked after thechd.A. ill B. ill ness C. sick D. healthful().You d better put on your coat, or you . ll getA. illB. ill nessC. sickD. healthful().That boy had to drop out of school because of his:A. illB. ill nessC. sickD. healthful3. since :自从以来到现在(现在完成时中的 表持续”意义的重要标志)(考点)：.sinc
3、e +时间点：表示从过去某一时刻起一直到现在 since +时间状语从句：表示从过去某一时刻起一直到现在；并且从句必须用过去时例题：().1 ve bee n in Beiji ng si nee .A. ten years B. 2003 C. ten yearD. I begin to work there().They have bee n good friends since theyfirst time.A. meet B. met C. have met D. meet ingin the past/duri ng the last当现在完成时表持续与可持续时间段状语连用时，要求把
4、 结束完成：例如： 成为：become be have been借东西：borrow keep have kept关闭： close be closed have bee n closed 开，打开：open be openhave been openaway起床：get up be up have bee n up丢失：lose be lost have been lost married死: die be dead have been dead例题：().Iin Beiji ng si nee I瞬间动词转为持续状态”*finish be overhave bee n over来: com
5、ebe herehave bee n here去离开：go / leavebe away have bee n开始：begi n be onhave bee n on结婚：marrybemarriedhave been头东西：buy have have had参加，加入： joi n be in have bee n injoin be amember ( be a member of )Chi na.A. have come; came B. came ; came C. have bee n; came D. have come; have come().Theyfor ten years
6、.A. married B. marry C. have marriedD. have bee n married5. Have you caught a col d?(考点)：have a cold 和 catch a cold 的区别:4. 现在完成时的标志词：（考点）：表结果：already / just / always / yet / not* yet 表经历： 表持续：ever / never / before / once (twice) 、many timessi nee +时间点(时间状语从句)/ ever since时/间段+ / so farcatch a cold ：表
7、示 “感冒”的行为结果，不能与表示持续的时间状语连用。 例题：昨晚她感冒了，但现在还没好呢，她感冒两天了。She y_e_sterday, but she isn for two -d-*-*-*- -*a-* ys.（ ）. My brother these days, so he canA. catches a cold B. has a cold C. has caught a cold6. exercise ：可数性和不可数性 （考点）：当exercise表体格锻炼，运动时，为不可数名词当表 “体操；（一种）运动；练习；实习；习题；练习fint e now and she-*- t g
8、o to school.D. has had a cold -*-*-*-*-常用成 take / do exercise *.*.*.*.*. 教材） ”时，为可数名词； 当表 “练习；训练 ”时既可作可数名词、也可作不可数名词。 exercise 作动词： exercise 是动词原型，exercises 是单三形式。-例题：（）.If you don take, you will get fat. So you d better do morningeveryday. -*-*-*- *-*A. exercise; exerciseB. exercises; exerciseC. exe
9、rcises; exercises D. exercise ; exercises7. too many / too much / much too 的辨别：（考点）： too many ：常作形容词使用，修饰可数名词的数量too much ：常作形容词使用，修饰不可数名词的数量much too ：常作副词使用，修饰其他的形容词或副词例题： （）. - The meat is delicious.- Yes, but don teat *.*_.*.* *._.*.* _.A. too much; too muchB. much too; too muchC. too much; much t
10、ooD. much too; much too8. It can be very harmful to your health.（考点）：be harmful to :对 是有害的/ be good fro :对 有好处 health ：健康（不可数名词） in good health （in excellent condition） / in poor health*.*.*.*.*.*（ 形容词 ） healthykeep healthy / stay healthy 保持健康 = keep fit / stay fit -*-*-*-*-*9. can be / must be ：可以表
11、示 “肯定的推测 ”例题： （）. - You won he first prize in the Physics competition.-*-*-*-*- -*- . I made several terrible mistake*.*.*s*.*.*.* .A. I think so. B. You must be joking. C. You are welcome.D. It doesn t m-*-*-*-*a-* tter.*10. Now I get exercise by taking him for a walk every day. -*-*-*- -*-*（考点）：by
12、 :通过方法，方式make a living （ by ） d oing sth :靠做某事 谋生make a livi ng as :作为为生（通常连接身份或职业）make a living on sth ：依靠 东西为生*11. 开始做某事： begin / start + to do sth 与 begin / start + doing sth 的辨别 *.*.*.*.*.（考点）：begin / start + to do sth :指开始做某事，但是目前还没有行动。用不定式表示对某事的 一种计划或意愿。 -*-*-*-*- begin / start + doing ：指开始做某事
13、，现在已经着手行动了。接动名词表示做某事的一 种状态或过程。 -*-*-*-*-* 在进行时或主语指物或天气时，begin / start + to d o sth. -*-*-*-*-*12. take part in 与 join / join in 的辨别（考点）： join ：参加（指参加某一团体，组织，机构，成为其中的一名成员） join in ：参加（指参加游戏，比赛，竞赛等活动，往往此活动正在进行着） take part in ：参加（指参加会议，集会或群众性活动，并在活动中发挥作用）*13. en ough :充足的，充分的(考点)：enough作形容词用修饰名词，通常放在名词
14、前面表示充足的，足够的东西” enough 作程度副词用修饰形容词，副词或动词是放在所修饰词后面。* 句型：not+形容词+enoughtodosth :表示做某事还不够的”=too(形容词)to do sth： 太而不能做某事=so(形容词)that +否定句：如此的以至于不能例题： (). He doesntrun to catch the bus. *.*.*.*.*.A. very fast B. enough fast C. much fasterD. fast enough -*-*-*-*-(). My sister isn t to get the full mark. -*-
15、*- -*-*- -*A. carefully B. careful enough C. enough careful D. careful very *.* *.*.*.* *.*句型转化： He isntold enough to join the army.= He is the army. *.* *.*.*.* *.*= He is thearmy.*.*.*.*. *.*14. rather ： (adv). 相当(考点)：rather than:是而不是；并列连词，要求前后连接的词的形式要一致 would rather + d o sth ：宁愿做某事、 宁可做某事 woul d
16、 rather not + do sth (否定句) would rather do sth than d o sth :宁愿做某事也不愿做某事例题： (). - Which d o you like better, Chinese food or Western food? *.*.*.* *.*.*- I would rather Chinese food. Lest have noodles.-*-*-*- *-*A. to have B. having C. had D. have15. see sb doing sth 和 see sb do sth 的辨别（考点）： 感官动词+ s
17、b + doing sth :表示感知到动作正在发生的那一时刻”在此结构中 doing 代表“正在发生” ，有时伴随具体的时间状语。 感官动词+ sb + do sth :表示“感知到动作发生的全过程，代表事情已做过” 在此结构中 do 代表“做过的或经常性动作” ，有时伴随频率副词。例题： (). When I walked past the park, I saw some ol d people Ch i n e se T-a-*-*-*- -*i-* ji.A. do B. did C. doing D. are doing(). I heard some people in the
18、park yesterd-*-*-*-*-a-* y.A. sing B. sang C. singing D. to sing(). My teacher often finds me h omew o rk at schoo*.*l.*.*.*.*A. do B. did C. doing D. does16. mind ：介意，反对 (考点) mind + d oing sth ：介意做某事，反对做某事 “Would/Do you mind doing . ?意为你介意吗？ “Would/Do you mind + 人称代词宾格或形容词性物主代词 + doing .？意为“某人做某事，你
19、介意吗？” 。例题： （Would/ Do you mind not d oing sth ？意为“不要做某事你介意吗？” ). So hot in the classroom. Would you mind the windows？OK. Ill do it right now.A. not closing B. not opening ). Do you mind the radio a littlA. turning off B. to turn d own ). Would you mind not here ？A. sing B. singing C. to sing ). Woul
20、d you mind opening the windA. Of course ， open it B. Not at all ). It s too hot. Woul d you mind myC. closing D. opening e bit ？ I am doing my homework.C. turning down D. turning up I m doing my homework.D. sangow ？ C. Certainly D. No， don t do it_ the wind ow？ . Do it as you like， please！A. to open
21、 ； OKB. opening ； Certainly notC. closing； Of course D. open； Good idea17. 看病的日常用语 (考点：补全对话) 询问某人那儿不舒服：s the trouble with?What s wrong with W?atHow long have you been like this? . 表示感觉不舒服，表示疾病的用语：feel sick / ill / bad / terrible*.*.*.*. *.*(fever / headache / stomachache表示 患了病”*-*)don t feel wee / f
22、ine / allhave (got) / get a 表示诊断的用语：Dont worry. It not serisous.YouTake the medicine three times a day. 评论某人身体状况的用语：There s something with He is a little / much better now.He is feeling well / better now.d better I. ll give you some medic in e.There s nothing serious with -*-*-*-*-*He is even worse
23、than before. *.*.*.*.*.*得了感冒 catch a cold / have (got) a cold 测量某人的体温 take one s temperature 那就是的原因That s why在的前面 in front of 服用一些药 take some medicine 快餐 fast food当中的一名成员 a member of 健康良好 in excellent condition 在过去的几年里 in the last few years 面带笑容 with a smile on one s face 浑身，到处 all over去跑步 go for a
24、run乘地铁 on the underground 最初 at first 关掉 turn off短语总结：我认为不是这样 I don t think s o-*-*-*-*- . 发烧 have a fever做锻炼 take / do (some) exercise *.*.*.*.*.* 对是有害的 be harmful to *.*.*.*. *.* 一天三次 three times a day -*-*-*-* -* 决定做某事 decide to do sth -*-*-*- *-* 参加 take part in 感觉很健康 feel very fit *.*.*.*.*. 感觉非常困乏 feel very sleepy -*-*- -*-*- -* 感到不舒服 feel awful -*-*-*-*-* 太而不能 too to -*-*-* -*-* 是而不是rathertha n(某身体部位)疼痛 have a pain in时而 from time to time -*-*-*-*- -*比如 such as
