1、形容词和副词1. 形容词的用法(1) 形容词在句中作定语, 表语, 宾语补足语。 例如： Our country is a beautiful country. （作定语） The fish went bad. （作表语）We keep our classroom clean and tidy. （作宾语补足语）(2) 形容词修饰something, anything, nothing, everything等不定代词时,形容词放在名词后面。 I have something important to tell you. Is there anything interesting in the
2、 film.(3) 用 and 或 or 连接起来的两个形容词作定语时一般把它们放在被修饰的名词后面。起进一步解释的作用。 Everybody, man and woman, old and young, should attend the meeting. You can take any box away, big or small.(4) the形容词表示一类人或物The rich should help the poor.2. 副词的用法(1) 副词在句中可作状语,表语和定语。He studies very hard. （作状语）Life here is full of joy. （作
3、定语） When will you be back? （作表语）【实例解析】1. (20XX年北京市中考试题) -Which is _, the sun, the moon or the earth? -Of course the moon is. A. small B. smaller C. smallest D. the smallest 答案：D。该题考查的是形容词的比较等级的用法。因为是太阳，地球和月亮三者进行比较，选用形容词的最高级，而且最高级之前要加定冠词the。所以选D。2. (20XX年上海徐汇区中考试题) He has made _ progress this term th
4、an before. A. little B. less C. fewer D. much 答案 B。该题考查的是形容词比较等级的用法。因为是现在和过去进行比较，所以要用比较级，又因为是修饰不可数名词，只能用less, 而不能用fewer。3. (20XX年江西省中考试题) -What delicious cakes! -They would taste _ with butter. A. good B. better C. bad D. worse 答案：B。该题考查的是形容词的比较等级。答话人的意思应该是“如果加上点黄油，这些蛋糕会更好吃。”这里就有一种比较：加黄油和不加黄油。既然是比较，
5、就要用比较级。因为这里讲的是好吃和更好吃，所以C,D要舍去，而选better。4. (20XX年河北省中考试题) Bob never does his homework _ Mary. He makes lots of mistakes. A. so careful as B. as carefully as C. carefully as D. as careful as 答案：B。该题考查的是形容词和副词的用法区别。因为该词修饰的是动作“做家庭作业”，所以要用副词。又因为表示一方不如另一方要用句型“not as+副词原级+as”，所以只能选B。一. 单项填空1There are many
6、young trees on sides of the road. A. every B. each C. both D. all2- Its so cold today. - Yes, its than it was yesterday. A. more cold B. more colder C. much colder D. cold3Little Tom has friends, so he often plays alone.A. more B. a little C. many D. few4She isnt so at maths as you are. A. well B. g
7、ood C. better D. best5Peter writes of the three. A. better B. best C. good D. well6He is enough to carry the heavy box. A. stronger B. much stronger C. strong D. the strongest7I bought exercise-books with money. A. a few; a few B. a few; a little C. a little; a few D. a little; a little8The box is h
8、eavy for the girl carry. A. too; to B. to; too C. so; that D. no; to9The ice in the lake is about one meter . Its strong enough to skate on. A. long B. high C. thick D. wide10Wu Lin ran faster than the other boys in the sports meeting. A. so B. much C. very D. too11. Jone looks so _ today because sh
9、e has got an “A” in her maths test. A. happy B. happily C. angry D. angrily12. The smile on my fathers face showed that he was _ with me. A. sad B. pleased C. angry D. sorry13. -Mum, could you buy me a dress like this? -Certainly, we can buy _ one than this, but _ this. A. a better; better than B. a
10、 worse; as good as C. a cheaper; as good as D. a more important; good as14. -This digital camera is really cheap! -The _ the better. Im short of money, you see. A. cheap B. cheaper C. expensive D. more expensive15. If you want to learn English well, you must use it as _ as possible. A. often B. long
11、 C. hard D. soon16. Paul has _ friends except me, and sometimes he feels lonely. A. many B. some C. few D. more17. English people _ use Mr. Before a mans first name. A. never B. usually C. often D. sometimes18. -One more satellite was sent up into space in China in May. -Right. The government spoke
12、_ that. A. highly for B. high of C. well of D. highly of19. -Remember this, children. _ careful you are, _ mistakes you will make. -We know, Miss Gao. A. The more; the more B. The fewer; the more C. The more; the fewer D. The less; the less20. I have _ to do today. A. anything important B. something
13、 important C. important nothing D. important something动词不定式不定式：to + 动词原形句法作用 例 句 作宾语She wanted to borrowed my radio.They began to read and write.作宾语补足语Lucy asked him to turn off the radio.She asked me to speak more loudlyJim told Ling Feng to go home at once .The father made his son study hard. 作定语H
14、ave you got anything to say?I had something to eat this morning .作主语To learn a foreign language is not easy.注：作主语用的动词不定式常常为it替代，动词不定式（或短语）放在后面。例如： It is not easy to learn a foreign language. It took us three days to do the work.动词不定式的否定形式由not+动词不定式构成. 如:Tell him not to be late.The policeman told the
15、 boys not to play in the street.4) 不定式省去to的情况: 在感官动词see，watch，look at，hear， listen to，feel和使役动词make，have，let等所接的宾语中（不定式做宾语不足语），不定式应省去to。但是在被动语态中不能省。如：Let me listen to you sing the song.He watched his son play computer games.I saw him run away.-He was seen to run away.The boss make the workers work t
16、he whole night.-The workers were made to work the whole night.5) 动词不定式和疑问词连用 动词不定式可以和疑问词what ,which, how, where, when 等连用，构成不定式短语。如： The question is when to start. I dont know where to go . He showed me how to use a computer. What to do is a big problem.选择最佳答案填空：1. Tell him _ the light. A. to turn B
17、. not to turn on C. to not turn D. not to turn2. It took us more than two hours _ the dinner. A. prepare B. preparing C. to prepare D. to be prepared3. We felt the earth _. A. move B. moveing C. to move D. be moved4. The students were made _ the text ten times. A. read B. reading C. to read D. to be
18、 read5. The chair looks rather hard _, but in fact it is very comfortable. A. to sit B. to sit on C. sitting D. sit6. Nobody knows _next. A. what to do B. to do what C. which to do D. how to do7. It is very important _ us _these words. A. to, to remember B. for, to remember C. for, remember D. for,
19、remembering8. _ English well, one must have a lot practice. A. For speaking B. Speaking C. To speak D. Speak9. Im going to the library _ the books. A. return B. borrow C. to return D. to lend10. We went to town _ some shopping. A. doing B. did C. to make D. to do11. The funny story _ me laugh. A. ma
20、ke B. making C. to make D. made12. After the final exam, I think all the students want _. A. stop to have a rest B. to stop having a rest C. to stop to have a rest D. stopping to have a rest13. It is very kind _ you to help me with my housework. It is hard _me to do all the work. A. of, for B. for,
21、of C. of, to D. to, for14. Many people think it very difficult _ English. A. to say B. to learn C. speak D. for speaking15. The teacher asked the students _ her _ the word again. A. listen to; to read B. to hear; say C. to listen to; speak D. to listen to; pronounce16.Remember _ the book here tomorr
22、ow. A. bring B. to bring C. take D. to take17. -Lets have a rest, shall we? - Not now. I dont want to stop _ the letter yet. A. write B. to write C. writing D. and write18. -This physics problem is too difficult. Can you show me _, Wang Lin? - Sure. A. what to work it out B. what to work out it C. h
23、ow to work it out D. how to work out it19.- How can I improve my spoken English? - You have to practise _ as much as you can. A. speak B. speaking C. spoken D. to speak20. - How about going hiking this weekend? - Sorry. I prefer _ rather than _. A. to stay at home, go out B. to go out, stay at home
24、C. staying at home, go out D. going out, stay at homeMr.Robinsonhadtotravelsomewhereonbusiness,andashewasinahurry,hedecidedtogoby_1_.Helikedsitting_2_awindowwhenhewasflying,sohegotontotheplane,helookedforawindowseat.He_3_allofthemtakenexceptone.Therewasayoungman_4_besideit,andRobinsonwassurprisedtha
25、thehadnottakentheonebythewindow.Anyhow,hewenttowardsit. Whenhe_5_it,however,hesawthattherewasanoticeonit,written_6_largeletters,_7_“Thisseatiskeptforproperbalance.Thankyou.”Mr.Robinsonhadneverseensuchanoticebefore,buthethoughttheplanemustbecarryingsomethingparticularlyheavyinitsroom_8_madeitnecessar
26、ytohavethepassengersproperlybalance.Sohewalkedonandfound_9_emptyseat,notbesidethewindow_10_. Twoorthreeotherpeople_11_tositinthewindowseatnexttotheyoungman,buttheyalsoreadthenoticeandwenton.Thenwhentheplanewasnearly12_averybeautifulgirl_13_intotheplane.Theyoungman,whowaswatchingthepassengerscomingin
27、,14_tookthenotice_15_theseatbesidehim,andbythismeanssucceededinhavingaprettycompanionduringthewholetrip. 1.A.airB.waterC.trainD.bus 2.A.onB.nearlyC.besideD.farfrom 3.A.wantedB.foundC.thoughtD.hoped 4.A.seatingB.seatedC.seatD.sat 5.A.arrivedB.satonC.reachedD.left 6.A.throughB.byC.withD.in 7.A.saidB.s
28、ayingC.spokenD.speaking 8.A.andB.thisC.whoD.which 9.A.anotherB.otherC.theotherD.theonly 10.A.tositB.tobesatC.tositonD.tobesatin 11.A.stuckB.triedC.managedD.refused 12.A.emptyB.fullC.upD.down 13.A.reachedB.steppedC.enteredD.left 14.A.quicklyB.fastC.slowlyD.soon 15.A.ontoB.awayC.offD.up Aladyoncewrote
29、alongstory.Shesentittoafamouseditor.After_1_weekstheeditor_2_thestorytoher.Theladywas_3_.Shewortebacktotheeditor: “DearSir, Yesterdayyousentbackastoryofmine._4_doyouknowthatthestoryisnotgood?Youdidnotreadit._5_Isentyouthestory,Ipastedtogetherpages18,19and20.Thiswasa_6_toseewhetheryouwouldreadthestor
30、y.Whenthestorycamebackyesterday,thepageswere_7_pastedtogether.Isthisthe_8_youreadallthestoriesthataresenttoyou?” Theeditorwroteback: “DearMadam, _9_breakfastwhenIhaveanegg,I_10_eatthewholeegginordertodiscoverthatitisbad.” 1.A.fewB.afewC.littleD.alittle 2.A.gaveB.camebackC.handedD.returned 3.A.angryB
31、.happyC.satisfiedD.glad 4.A.HowB.WhyC.WhatD.Where 5.A.AfterB.UntilC.BeforeD.Since 6.A.lessonB.testC.questionD.thing 7.A.alreadyB.stillC.evenD.yet 8.A.workB.checkC.roadD.way 9.A.OnB.OntheC.AtD.Atthe 10.A.mustnotB.havenottoC.neednottoD.donthaveto1.C 2.C 3.D 4.B 5.B 6.C 7.B 8.A 9.C 10.B 11.A 12.B 13.C
32、14.B 15.A 16.C 17.A 18.D 19.C 1-5 BBACB 6-10 ABCCD 11-15 DCABD 16-20 BCCBAMr.Robinson名师点评乘飞机时喜爱窗子旁边，但是临窗的座位上有一个警告，上面写着：此座留着是为了保持飞机平衡，只好作罢。又有几个乘客看到空座走了过去，但看到纸条后都离开了。这时，上来一个年轻漂亮的女士，旁边的年轻人就把纸条拿掉了。阅读时注意体会文章的幽默感。 答案简析1A。因为下文叙述的是飞机上发生的事情。byair=byplane。 2C。喜欢坐在窗子“旁边”。 3B。表示结果，与上句的lookfor（表动作）相呼应。 4B。从句子结构看
33、，此空该填非谓语动词形式。seat是及物动词，意思是“使某人就坐”，它与ayoungman是动宾关系，所以用seated，表示状态；而sit是不及物动词，它与ayoungman是主谓关系，要用sitting，表示动作。 5C。不能选A，因为arrive为不及物动词；由下文可知，他根本没坐下来，所以也不能选B；若选D，则与上句的hewenttowardsit相矛盾。 6D。inlargeletters是固定说法，意为“用大写字母”。 7B。这里该用现在分词表示伴随动作。say强调“说”的内容，而speak则指“说”的动作，故不选D。 8D。which引导定语从句，指代先行词somethingpa
34、rticularlyheavy。 9A。another表泛指“另一个”。 10C。此处不定式tosit用作定语，应与被修饰的名词seat构成动宾关系，而sit却是不及物动词，必须加上介词on。 11B。try只表示设法去做某事，而不表示是否做成；manage却表示设法做成了某事。由本句末的buttheyalsoreadthenoticeandwenton得知，不选C。 12B。随着情节的发展，飞机上的人越来越多，快要“满了”，所以用full。 13B。enter作“进入”讲时，一般不与into连用，故不选C。 14A。quickly表示“立刻行动，毫不迟延”用于此处符合theman的心境，也大
35、大地增强了文章的幽默感。15C。take-off-是固定搭配，意为“把从取下”。Alady名师点评。根据文意，这里应选择一个词或词组，修饰可数名词，表示“一些”，比较四个选项，只有afew合符条件，为正确选项。 。把某物还给某人，可用givesthbacktosb或returnsthtosb来表达，细看句子，只有项正确。 。根据上下文可知，这个女士在稿件被退还时，看到那三页依然粘在一起，应当感到非常恼火，故选angry。 A。分析句子，这里应选择一个疑问副词，在句中作方式状语，表达“你怎么知道这篇故事不好？”之意，比较四个选项，应选How。 C。比较主从句中两个动作的先后关系，可知从句应用be
36、fore引导。 B。比较四个词，lesson意为“功课，教训”；test意为“检测，测试”；question意为“问题”；thing意为“事情，东西”。根据句意，应选B。 B。句意为“当稿件被退回时，那几页依然粘在一起”，只有still合乎句意，为正确选项。 D。比较四个选项，只有way可用来表示“方式，方法”。 C。atbreakfast为固定结构，意为“在吃早饭”。 D。donthavetodosth=needntdosth意为“不必干某事”。作文归纳1. 重点句型1). Its adj for sb to do 做对某人来说2). so that 如此 以至于 too to do 太 而
37、不能such that 如此 以至于3). notuntil 直到才 例: I didnt go to bed until my mother came back.4).The reason why + 句子 is that + 句子 的原因是The reason why he got angry was that she told him a lie. ( 他生气的原因是她对他说了谎。)5). That is why + 句子 那是的原因6). That is because + 句子 那是因为7). It is said that + 句子 据说It is reported that + 句子 据报道8).
