(英语)-中考英语语法填空汇编专项训练100(附答案)及解析.doc

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1、(英语) 中考英语语法填空汇编专项训练100(附答案)及解析一、英语语法填空汇编1阅读下面短文,根据文章大意用所给单词的适当形式填空(未提供单词的,限填一词),使文章意思完整、正确。 There is a nice family living in Valladolid, a beautiful city in Spain._father, Jose Garcia, is a tall and friendly man. He_(work) in a famous company. He married Teresa, a_(beauty) woman, _dark eyes and ligh

2、t hair. She is a _(teach) of a primary school. Jose and Teresa have three_(child): Susan, Rebecca and Juan. The_(old), Susan, is 24 years old. Shes a doctor and busy with her work every day. She_(usual) goes to work at 8 a.m. and comes home after 7p.m. Rebecca, a beautiful girl with big dark eyes, i

3、s 19 years old and_(study)Chinese in the Canary Islands. Juan, a naughty 11-year-oldboy, dreams of_a great football player. They are a happy family.【答案】 The;works;beautiful;with;teacher;children;eldest;usually;studies;becoming 【解析】【分析】文章大意:在西班牙美丽的城市瓦拉多利德,住着一个很好的家庭。何塞加西亚娶了特蕾莎。她是一所小学的五年级教师。何塞和特蕾莎生了三个孩

4、子:苏珊、丽贝卡和胡安。苏珊,24岁。她是个医生,每天都忙于工作。She早上8点上班,晚上7点回家。Rebecca,19岁,在加那利群岛学习中文。胡安,一个顽皮的11岁男孩,梦想着成为一名伟大的足球运动员。他们是一个幸福的家庭。 (1)句意:爸爸,何塞加西亚是一个高个子善良的人。father特指前文提到的住在瓦拉多利德承德市幸福家庭中的爸爸,因此使用定冠词,因为在句首,手字母t应大写,故答案是The。 (2)句意:他在一个著名的公司上班。本文的基本时态为一般现在时,所以本句也是一般现在时,主语he是第三人称单数,因此谓语动词使用单三形式,故答案是works。 (3)句意:他娶了一个叫做特蕾莎的

5、长着黑色眼睛的妇女。beauty作定语修饰woman,应使用形容词beautiful,故答案是beautiful。 (4)句意:他娶了一个叫做特蕾莎的长着黑色眼睛的妇女、长着黑色眼睛作定语修饰woman,应使用介词with连接,故答案是with。 (5)句意:他是一个小学的老师。根据冠词a,可知后面单数可数名词,与teach相关的名词是teacher,老师,故答案是teacher。 (6)句意:何塞和特蕾莎有三个孩子。child孩子,可数名词,根据three可知应使用复数形式children,故答案是children。 (7)句意:最大的,苏珊24岁了。根据后文的叙述可知苏珊年龄最大,兄弟姐妹

6、之间年龄最大使用eldest,故答案是eldest。 (8)句意:她通常八点上班。usual修饰go to work,应使用副词形式usually,故答案是usually。 (9)句意:长着黑色大眼睛的丽贝卡19岁了,在加那利群岛学习中文,文章的基本时态为一般现在时,主语Rebacca是第三人称单数,动词使用单三形式,故答案是studies。 (10)句意:十一岁的胡安是一个淘气的男孩,他的梦想是成为一乐伟大的足球运动员。空缺处是 a great football player. 的逻辑谓语,能够跟 a great football player. 构成动宾关系的是become,of是介词,介

7、词后跟动词ing形式,故答案是becoming。 【点评】考查词汇在篇章中的运用能力,答题时首先要跳过空格通读文章掌握其大意,然后细读文章,字斟句酌逐一作答,注意考虑句型、语法、搭配、语境等因素。最后通读一遍,检查验证。2语法填空 From deserts and beaches to playgrounds, sand is a common sight. But you might not know that sand is also a useful resource. Sand is the second most-used resource in the world after wa

8、ter, the BBC reported. However, the UN said that sand is not limitless and that we might be running out of _. Sand is made up of very small _(piece) of rock, soil and minerals(矿物质). It can take tens of thousands of years to form. But now we are using sand more_(quick) than it is being formed. Accord

9、ing to the BBC, we use about 15 billion tons of sand every year _build houses, roads and other things. People also put sand in the_si: to make new islands. For example, the Palm islands are made up of three_ld man-made islands in Dubai, United Arab Emirates. In 2010, they _(take) 94 million cubic me

10、ters of sand to build. If people keep_(use) this much sand, it will run out in many places. For example, Vietnam may run out of construction sand by 2020, Live Science noted. _sins people need so much sand, they are trying to mine(开采) more of it. But this is bad for the environment. Mining sand may

11、_beaches to disappear and more floods to happen in places close to the sea. Also, this may affect the habitats (栖息地) of many plants and animals.【答案】 it;pieces;quickly;to;sea;large;took;using;Since;cause 【解析】【分析】大意:本文主要介绍了沙子这种常见的景观。 (1)句意:然而,联合国说,沙子并不是无限的,我们有可能会用完它们。run out of“用完,用尽”的意思。这里用it来指代上文的沙子

12、(sand是不可数名词)。故答案为:it。 (2)句意:沙子由非常小的岩石、土壤和矿物质组成。根据rock, soil and minerals(矿物质)可知,这是几种成分,因此piece用复数pieces。故答案为:pieces。 (3)句意:但现在我们使用沙子的速度比它形成的速度要快。根据副词修饰动词可知,此处应用形容词quick的副词形式quickly修饰动词use“使用”。故答案为:quickly。 (4)句意:据英国广播公司报道,我们每年用大约150亿吨沙子建造房屋、道路和其他东西。根据固定搭配 use sth. to do sth. 用某物做某物,可知此处用动词不定式to do做目

13、的状语。故答案为:to。 (5)句意:人们还把沙子放进海里,制造新的岛屿。由语境和音标si:提示可知,填:sea。故答案为:sea。 (6)句意:例如,棕榈岛由阿拉伯联合酋长国迪拜的三个大型人工岛屿组成的。由语境和音标ld提示可知,填:large,three large man-made islands三个大型的人工岛屿。故答案为:large。 (7)句意:2010年,他们用9400万立方米的沙子建造。根据时间状语In 2010可知,本题的时态为一般过去时。动词take的过去式为took。故答案为:took。 (8)句意:如果人们继续使用这么多沙子,它会在很多地方用完。根据固定搭配keep d

14、oing sth. 继续做某事,可知此处应用动名词做宾语,动词use的动名词为using。故答案为:using。 (9)句意:由于人们需要这么多沙子,他们正试图开采更多的沙子。由语境和音标 sins 提示可知,填:since,表自以来、因为、由于。句首单词首字母要大写。故答案为:Since。 (10)句意:开采沙可能会导致海滩消失,在靠近大海的地方会发生更多的洪水。根据beaches to disappear and more floods to happen in places close to the sea海滩消失,在靠近大海的地方会发生更多的洪水,可知这些是开采沙所导致的后果,因此填:

15、cause。may是情态动词,后跟动词原形。故答案为:cause。 【点评】考查语法填空,注意根据单词在语境中的词性进行必要的变形,同时熟记固定搭配和基本句型。3阅读下面短文,根据语境、音标或所给单词的提示,在每个空格内填入一个恰当的词,要求所填的词意义准确、形式正确,使短文意思完整、行文连贯。 Dear readers, Once, I had to call the firefighters to put out a fire. I still remember how fast it made my heart beat, _it was a small fire. I was glad

16、 and thankful when the firefighters put it out_(quick). Firefighters help in all kinds of sudden serious and_(danger) events or situations. I saw firefighters carrying people from their flooded homes while_(watch) the news today. Often, they are the first helpers when_accident happens. Some firefigh

17、ters train to help people and pets that fall into frozen lakes. To prepare for real-life rescue like this one, they must practice putting_ice suits, working with ropes, and using hand signals to communicate. If you want to learn more about these_(/brev/) men and women, read the articleDanger! Rescue

18、 on Thin Ice. Where would we be without the first helpers? Maybe youll _(/dun/) me this month in finding a way to thank them. Giving a card, a drawing, or a plate of cookies to your local fire_(/sten/) could be the start of a new tradition for your families and our_(hero)will be thankful for it. Hap

19、py holidays!Your friend,Christine【答案】 though/although;quickly;dangerous;watching;an;on;brave;join;station;heroes 【解析】【分析】(1)句意:我仍然记得它使我的心跳得有多快,尽管那是个小火。根据两句话的意思是转折,故填 though/although 。 (2)句意:当消防员迅速扑灭时,我很高兴也很感激。被填的的词修饰动词词组put out,应用副词, quick 的副词 quickly。故填 quickly。 (3)句意:消防员在各种突发的严重和危险事件或情况中提供帮助。名词 ev

20、ents or situations 事件或情况前用形容词, danger 的形容词 dangerous ,故填 dangerous 。 (4)句意:我今天看到消防员从被淹的房子里抬着人看新闻。固定搭配 while doing当做某事的时候, watch的现在分词 watching,故填 watching 。 (5)句意:当事故发生时,他们往往是第一批帮助者。可数名词单数前应用a/an, a用在辅音读音开头的的单词前,an用在元音读音开头的的单词前;故填an。 (6)句意:他们必须练习穿上冰衣。固定搭配,put on,穿上,故填on。 (7)句意:如果你想更多地了解这些勇敢的男人和女人,读这篇

21、文章。根据音标 /brev/可知是 brave勇敢的 ,故填 brave 。 (8)句意:也许这个月你会和我一起感谢他们。根据音标 /dun/ 可知应是 join,加入,故填 join 。 (9)句意:送一张卡片,一张画,或者一盘饼干到当地的消防站可能是你的家人新传统的开始。 根据音标/sten/,可知 是station,站,故填 station 。 (10)句意:我们的英雄会感激它的。根据上 文helpers 是复数,他们是英雄, hero的复数是heroes ,故填 heroes 。 【点评】本题考查单词在语境中的运用,需要根据单词在语境中的词性进行必要的变形,同时熟记固定搭配和基本句型。

22、4阅读下面短文,在空白处填入一个适当的词,或填入括号中所给单词的正确形式。 Nowadays, with the development of Internet technology, two-dimensional code (二维码) is very popular among us. Its also _ (call) quick response code (QR code). Its a group of black square dots on a white background. This special code was invented _ a Japanese compa

23、ny in 1994. Its _ (wide) used all over the world. QR code is used _ (store) information. It can also store pictures. It is easy to use a QR code. If you want to get the information, just take out your cellphone and scan (扫描) the code by a special app, and then you can get _ easily. Today, QR codcs a

24、re popular in China. There are QR codes on televisions and the Internet. The codes have been used and printed on Chinese train tickets _ 2010. When a machine scans the code on the ticket, information of the ticket owner and the train _ (appear) on the screen in a few seconds. QR codes have many spec

25、ial uses. For example, in 2008, _ Japanese company planned to put QR codes on gravestones (墓碑). By scanning the code, visitors could get information about the departed (去世的) person. Recently, special cards _ QR codes were introduced to old people in some cities in China. If they get _ (lose), people

26、 can know about their names, addresses and telephone numbers of their family members by scanning the codes. 【答案】 called;by;widely;to store;it;since;will appear;a;with;lost 【解析】【分析】本文讲述了二维码的应用。 (1)句意: 它也叫做快速响应码。根据call与主语是被动关系,已有助动词is,故此处是过去分词,故填called。 (2)句意: 这种特殊代码是1994年一家日本公司发明的。根据 was invented是被动语

27、态可知用介词by,被,故填by。 (3)句意: 全世界都广泛地使用它。副词修饰动词used,widely是副词 , 故填 widely。 (4)句意:二维码码用于储存信息。be used to do,被用来做某事,故此处是不定式,故填 to store。 (5)句意: 那么你可以很容易地得到信息 。information是不可数名词,故此处用it指代,做宾语,故填it。 (6)句意:自从2010年以来,这些代码已经被使用并印在中国火车票上。根据 The codes have been used 可知时态是现在完成时,since+时间点2010,是现在完成时的标志,故填since。 (7)句意:

28、 当机器扫描火车票上的代码时,几秒钟后火车票所有者和火车的信息就会出现在屏幕上。when引导的时间状语从句,时态是主将从现,故此处的主句是将来时will+动词原形 , 故填 will appear。 (8)句意: 例如,2008年,一家日本公司计划在墓碑上贴二维码。Japanese是名词单数,用辅音音素开头,故用不定冠词a,表示泛指 , 故填a。 (9)句意:近年来,我国部分城市向老年人推出了二维码专用卡。此处缺少介词,做后置定语,根据 special cards和QR codes可知是一种携带关系,with,有,故填with。 (10)句意:如果他们迷路了,人们可以通过扫描密码知道他们的家庭

29、成员的姓名、地址和电话号码。get lost,迷路,固定搭配,故填lost。 【点评】考查语法填空,注意适当调整词性,时态和介词等用法。5阅读下面短文,根据语境、音标或所给单词的提示,在每个空格内填入一个适当的词,要求所填的词意义准确,使短文意思完整、行文连贯。 When I was in the middle school, I got into an argument with a boy in my class. The teacher _(decide) to teach us a very important lesson. She brought us up to the fron

30、t of the _kla:sru:mand placed him on one side of her desk and_on the other. In the middle of her desk was a large, round object. I could _(hard)see that it was black. She asked the boy what color the object was. White, he_ a:nsa(r)d I couldnt_bliv he said the object was white, when it was clearly bl

31、ack! Another argument started between my classmate and me, this time about the_of the object. The teacher told me to stand where the boy was standing and told him to come stand where I had been. We changed_(place), and now she asked me what the color of the object was. I had to answer, White. It was

32、 an object with two differently colored sides, and from his viewpoint (视角) it was_. Only from my side it was black. I have always remembered the lesson I learned that day. Sometimes we need to look at the problem from the other _(person) viewpoint in order to truly understand his/her view. 【答案】 deci

33、ded;classroom;me;easily;answered;believe;color;places;white;persons 【解析】【分析】本文介绍了作者明白的认识道理,我们需要从别人的角度来看待问题,以便真正理解他的观点。 (1)句意:老师决定给我们上一节很重要的课。根据 When I was in the middle school可知时态是一般过去时 , 故填 decided。 (2)句意:她把我们带到教室前面根据,定冠词the后是名词, kla:sru:m 是classroom,教室,是名词,故填 classroom。 (3)句意:让他在桌子的一边,我在另一边,在她的桌子中

34、间有一个很大的圆形物体。此处是placed的并列宾语,故用宾格,此处指代作者,故用第一人称单数,me,是代词,我,故填me。 (4)句意:我很容易看出它是黑色的。根据 it was black可知这个结果是很显然的,故此处是轻松地,副词修饰动词,hard,是副词,困难地,easily,是副词 , 故填 easily。 (5)句意:“白色,”他回答。描述过去用一般过去时, a:nsa(r)danswered,是动词过去式 ,故填 answered。 (6)句意:我真不敢相信他说那东西是白色的。根据,couldnt是情态动词,其后是动词原形, bliv believe,是动词,相信,故填 beli

35、eve。 (7)句意:另一个争论开始于我和我的同学之间,这次是关于物体的颜色。根据上下文的白色和黑色可知,是谈论颜色,the定冠词后是名词,color,是名词,故填 color。 (8)句意:我们换了地方。此处缺少宾语,故是名词,表示彼此的位置,是复数,place是名词,故填 places。 (9)句意:这是一个两面颜色不同的物体,在他看来是白色的。系动词is后是形容词,根据上文我真不敢相信他说那东西是白色的,可知这个位置看是白色的,white,是形容词,故填 white。 (10)句意:我一直记得那天的教训有时我们需要从别人的角度来看待问题,以便真正理解他/她的观点。viewpoint是名词

36、,person是名词,故此处是名词所有格,故填 persons。 【点评】考查语法填空,注意谓语的时态,词性,所有格,和所给单词的读音等多种用法。6语法填空 Tonight is the night when children in much of the _(west) world will be waiting for a fat man _ red and white to pass by on his sleigh and climb down the chimney to deliver the Christmas _ (present). And as we all know, S

37、anta Claus, or Father Christmas lives at the North Pole, you might not realize hes_ (actual) from Finland. Everyone dreams of the coming of Santa Claus _ (bring) him something. Stories _him spread throughout the centuries including one in which he helped a poor man who couldnt afford money for his m

38、arried daughters. In the dead of night, Nicolas came to throw gold into his house. But the windows were too narrow so he had to climb down the chimney, yes, you guessed it, threw gold in the girls stocking _ (hang) up to dry. I guessed, I thought, Santa Claus was just a commercial business. _ I lear

39、ned here today that he was a real man that did great things. _ he is a legend continued. Im proud because he was a saint. He helped all the people. He helped _(we). And now he helps me every day. Very few people know this fact.【答案】 western;in;presents;actually;to bring;about;hung;But;And;us 【解析】【分析】

40、文章大意:我们都知道,圣诞老人或圣诞老人住在北极,你可能不会意识到他来自芬兰。每个人都梦想着圣诞老人的到来(给他带些东西)。关于圣诞老人故事他流传了整个世纪,我想,我猜圣诞老人只是一种商业活动。我今天在这里学到他是一个真正的做了大事的人。他是个传奇人物。我很骄傲,因为他是个圣人。他帮助了所有的人。现在他每天都在帮助我。 (1)句意:今晚是西方世界大部分地区的孩子们将等待一个红白相间的胖子驾着雪橇从烟囱上爬下来送圣诞礼物的夜晚。west作定语修饰world,应使用western,故答案是western。 (2)句意:今晚是西方世界大部分地区的孩子们将等待一个红白相间的胖子驾着雪橇从烟囱上爬下来送

41、圣诞礼物的夜晚。red and white是圣诞老人穿的衣服,穿某种颜色的衣服,使用介词in,故答案是in。 (3)句意:今晚是西方世界大部分地区的孩子们将等待一个红白相间的胖子驾着雪橇从烟囱上爬下来送圣诞礼物的夜晚。present可数名词,前面没有冠词出现,因此使用复数形式,故答案是presents。 (4)句意:我们都知道圣诞老人来自北极,实际上他来自芬兰。actual修饰动词is,因此使用副词形式actually,故答案是actually。 (5)句意:每一个人梦想着圣诞老人的到来,给他带来礼物。带来礼物是他们梦想圣诞老人到来的目的,因此使用动词不定式做目的状语,故答案是to bring

42、。 (6)句意:关于他的故事传了几个世纪,就包括他帮助了一个买不起女儿的陪嫁的贫穷的父亲的故事。关于,about,介词短语作后置定语修饰stories,故答案是about。 (7)句意:但是窗户太窄,因此他不得不从烟囱爬下,朝挂着晾干的长筒袜里扔金子。hang作后置定语秀是stocking,stocking与hang是被动关系,因此使用过去分析作定语,hang的过去分词是hung,故答案是hung。 (8)句意:但是今天我在这里知道他是一个做大事的真人。本句和前面一句的描述不一致,应使用转折连词but连接,位于句首首字母大写,故答案是But。 (9)句意:他是个传奇人物。本句和前一句是顺接关系

43、,应使用and连接,位于句首首字母大写,故答案是And。 (10)句意:他帮助我们。we在句中做宾语,应使用宾格us,故答案是us。 【点评】考查词汇在篇章中的运用能力,答题时首先要跳过空格通读文章掌握其大意,然后细读文章,字斟句酌逐一作答,注意考虑句型、语法、搭配、语境等因素。最后通读一遍,检查验证。7语法填空 The Chinese first _ (make) paper about 2,000 years ago. China still has pieces _paper which were made as long ago as that. But Chinese paper w

44、as not made from the wood of trees. It was made from the hair-like parts of certain plants. Paper was not made in _ (south) Europe until about the year 1100. Scandinavia( 斯堪的纳维亚半岛),which now makes a great deal of the _ (world) paper, did not begin to make it until 1500. It was a German _ (name) Scha

45、effer who found out that one could make the best paper from trees. After that, the forest countries of Sweden, Norway, Finland, and the United States _ (become) the largest paper producers. Today in Finland, which makes the _ (good) paper in the world, the paper industry is the biggest on the land.

46、New papermaking machines are very big, and _ (them) make paper very fast. The biggest machines can make a piece of paper that is 300 metres long and 6 metres wide _ one minute. When we think of paper, we think of newspapers, books, letters, envelopes and writing paper. _there are many other uses. Only half of the paper that is made is used for books and newspapers, etc.【答案】 made;of;southern;worlds;named;became;best;they;in;But 【解析】【分析】本文介绍了全世界的造纸工艺。 (1)句意: 大约2000年前中国制造了第一张纸。根据 2,000 years ago可知2000年前是一般过去时的标志,make的过去式是made , 故填made。 (2)句意:中国仍然

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