1、 文体解读：文体解读：在日常生活、学习、工作中，个人与个在日常生活、学习、工作中，个人与个人交往，个人与集体交往，集体与集体人交往，个人与集体交往，集体与集体交往都需要用文字交流，这种文章就被交往都需要用文字交流，这种文章就被称为应用文。应用文是一种常见文体，称为应用文。应用文是一种常见文体，具有很强的实用性。近些年高考题对考具有很强的实用性。近些年高考题对考生在应用文方面的写作要求相当普遍，生在应用文方面的写作要求相当普遍，命题形式多为文字提示，写作形式主要命题形式多为文字提示，写作形式主要有书信、电子邮件、日记、通知、演讲有书信、电子邮件、日记、通知、演讲稿、发言稿、便条等。稿、发言稿、便
2、条等。一一 书信书信六句口诀六句口诀v开门见山说意图开门见山说意图v信息要点覆盖到信息要点覆盖到v举一反三讲细节举一反三讲细节v语言正式词多变语言正式词多变v感谢客气不能少感谢客气不能少v期待回信成老套期待回信成老套v注：首段表明写作目的注：首段表明写作目的 中间扩展内容（注意读信人的感受）中间扩展内容（注意读信人的感受）末段表明礼貌，并说出自己的期望末段表明礼貌，并说出自己的期望 Class 4 Senior Baoding No.1 High School Hebei,China May 4th,2011 Tom Black Pace Middle School New York,NY 1
3、0038 U.S.A Dear Tom,Glad to receive your letter of December 1 Best regards to your parents，Yours sincerely,Zhang Hong写信人地址写信人地址写信日期写信日期收信人地址收信人地址称呼称呼正文正文结束语结束语谦称谦称签名签名书信的开头和结尾可使用的基本用语书信的开头和结尾可使用的基本用语常用开头语常用开头语vIm very glad/happy/pleased to receive your letter of vIm glad to receive your letter dated
4、 on vHow are you getting along with your studies?vId love to come,but I cant because/Im really sorry to say结尾结尾 Im looking forward to receiving(longing to receive)your reply.All my best wishes to you./Remember me to/Good luck to you./Thank you again.书信、电子邮件书信、电子邮件（20052005）假定你是李华，正在英国牛津参加短期语言培训，）假定你
5、是李华，正在英国牛津参加短期语言培训，计划星期天去伦敦旅游。互联网上一则广告引起了你的注意，计划星期天去伦敦旅游。互联网上一则广告引起了你的注意，但一些具体信息不明确（箭头所指内容）。请给该旅行社发但一些具体信息不明确（箭头所指内容）。请给该旅行社发一封电子邮件，询问有关情况。一封电子邮件，询问有关情况。注意：注意：1 1词数词数100100左右，信的格式已为你写好。左右，信的格式已为你写好。2 2可根据内容要点适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。可根据内容要点适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。3 3参考词汇：牛津参考词汇：牛津Oxford Oxford 费用费用feefee 内容要点：内容要点：开头；是否
6、有学生特价；开头；是否有学生特价；票价包含的项目；是否有午餐；票价包含的项目；是否有午餐；返回时间；是否有购物时间；返回时间；是否有购物时间；Dear Sir/Madame Im writing for more information about the day tour to London.As a student at Oxford University,Id like to know if you have any special price for students.As for the money you charge,does it cover the entrance fees
7、 for visiting the places listed?What about lunch?Is it included?Or do I need to bring along my own food?How long will the tour last?Since I need to prepare my lessons for the next day,Id like to know the time to return.Besides,is there any time for shopping?I really want to have a look at the big st
8、ores in London.自荐信、申请信、求职信自荐信、申请信、求职信写作要点：写作要点：介绍消息来源介绍消息来源 表明感兴趣表明感兴趣 说明优势说明优势 请求答复联系请求答复联系 表明感激之情表明感激之情 开头开头1.Id like to apply for the job/post/position advertised in2.Having known that you need/are looking for a,I m writing to apply for the position/I would like to apply for the position.3.I have
9、 learned from your advertisement that you are in need of a 4.Im writing to express my interest in your recently advertised position for a 结尾结尾1.I shall be much obliged if you will offer me an opportunity for an interview.2.Please consider my request and Im looking forward to your early reply.3.I wou
10、ld greatly appreciate it if I could have the chance.vI understand that I have the qualifications and experience that you need for the personnel in your company.I would be grateful if you would consider employing me in your company.表示信心、表示信心、能力、兴趣或承诺能力、兴趣或承诺vI have excellent qualifications for this p
11、osition.vIm sure that I can do a good job in your company.vIm fit/suitable for the position.vI will spare no effort to do the job well.vI promise to offer the best service.v年龄年龄 v学习情况及英语水平学习情况及英语水平v学历学历v兴趣和特长兴趣和特长 v性格特点性格特点:善于交往、乐于助人、合作精神善于交往、乐于助人、合作精神自荐信、申请信、求职信自荐信、申请信、求职信Dear sir/madam,Im writing
12、the letter to apply for the position that you have advertised in消息来源消息来源.As a/an _.I have been _.Besides,I won _in _.If you consider my application,please call me at _.Thank you for considering my application and Im looking forward to your early reply.Yours sincerely,Li Hua （20062006全国卷全国卷IIIIII）假定你
13、是李华假定你是李华,亚洲冬季运动亚洲冬季运动会将在你居住的地方举办会将在你居住的地方举办,现在正在招募志愿者现在正在招募志愿者,你希望成为其中一员。请按要求用英文给组委会你希望成为其中一员。请按要求用英文给组委会写一封申请信写一封申请信.内容应包括内容应包括:1.1.个人情况：年龄、性别、学历个人情况：年龄、性别、学历;2.2.个人条件：英语好、爱好体育、善于交往、乐个人条件：英语好、爱好体育、善于交往、乐于助人、熟悉本地情况于助人、熟悉本地情况;3.3.承诺：提供最佳服务。承诺：提供最佳服务。注意：注意：1.1.词数词数100100左右，开头语已为你写好；左右，开头语已为你写好；2.2.可适
14、当增加细节，以使行文连贯。可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。3.3.生词：申请生词：申请apply(v.),application(n.)；志愿者志愿者volunteer真题回放真题回放 Dear Sir/Madam.My name is Li Hua,I would like to work as a volunteer for the Winter Asian Games.I am a boy/girl of 17 and I am studying at high school now.I am good at English and I can talk with foreign tour
15、ists in English freely.I believe I can do a good job for the Games.First,I like sports and I know the place very well.Second,I get along with others easily,which is especially useful for a volunteer.Third,Im ready to give help whenever it is needed.My promise is to offer the best service possible to
16、 the people at the Games.Please consider my request,and Im looking forward to your early reply.Yours faithfully,Li Hua Dear Sir/Madam.My name is Li Hua,I would like to work as a volunteer for the Winter Asian Games.I am a boy/girl of 17 and I am studying at high school now.I am good at English and I
17、 can talk with foreign tourists in English freely.I believe I can do a good job for the Games.First,I like sports and I know the place very well.Second,I get along with others easily,which is especially useful for a volunteer.Third,Im ready to give help whenever it is needed.My promise is to offer t
18、he best service possible to the people at the Games.Please consider my request,and Im looking forward to your early reply.Yours faithfully,Li HuaI am a boy/girl of 17，studying at high school now.Im easy to get along with Im good at communicating with others.I m ready to help whoever needs help.假设你是新
19、华大学的学生李华，得知某英文报假设你是新华大学的学生李华，得知某英文报招聘兼职记者，你有意应聘，请按下列要点给招聘兼职记者，你有意应聘，请按下列要点给报社写一封自荐信。报社写一封自荐信。1 1表示感兴趣；表示感兴趣；2 2说明优势：知识面、英语水平、合作精神、说明优势：知识面、英语水平、合作精神、相关经历；相关经历；3 3希望得到回复希望得到回复。Dear Sir or Madam,Im a student from Xinhua University.Thank you very much.Yours sincerely,Li Hua Dear Sir or Madam,Im a stude
20、nt from Xinhua University.Im glad to learn that you want a few part-time English reporters.Im quite interested in it.I think Im fit for the job.As a student,Ive read a lot and have much knowledge in many fields.Im fond of English and do well in both speaking and writing.Besides,Im easy to get along
21、with and enjoy working together with others.Above all,I once worked as a reporter for my school broadcasting station.So Im sure I can do the job.Im looking forward to an early reply if possible.And Id appreciate it very much if you could call me at.Thank you very much.Yours sincerely,Li Hua Dear Sir
22、 or Madam,Im a student from Xinhua University.Im glad to learn that you want a few part-time English reporters.Im quite interested in it.I think Im fit for the job.As a student,Ive read a lot and have much knowledge in many fields.Im fond of English and do well in both speaking and writing.Besides,I
23、m easy to get along with and enjoy working together with others.Above all,I once worked as a reporter for my school broadcasting station.So Im sure I can do the job.Im looking forward to an early reply if possible.And Id appreciate it very much if you could call me at.Thank you very much.Yours since
24、rely,Li Hua Dear Sir or Madam,Id like to apply to become an assistant in your company.I have graduated from Hebei University of Technology with a Masters degree in mechanical engineering this summer.In the past few years,I have got experience in designing new projects and developed good professional
25、 competence in my subjects.I worked in my holidays for a company that designed engines for jeeps.I helped them design several parts of the new engine.It made me think I would like to work in a real inventors company.I understand that I have the qualifications and experience that you need for the per
26、sonnel in your company.I would be grateful if you would consider employing me in your company.Yours sincerely,Tom Smith2011辽宁Dear Sir/Madam,I learned from the newspaper that your company needs an English secretary.Im really interested in this position and hope I can work for you.Im 18 years old and
27、will be graduating from Xinxing Foreign Languages School this July.Im an excellent student,among the top 5 in my class of 50 students.Im good at English,especially spoken English.I often use the computer and I type very fast.In my spare time,I read a lot.Poems are my favorite.I enjoy music very much
28、 too.Being an active young person.I like sports and outdoor activities.Besides,Im easy to get along with and I like to make friends.Im looking forward to your reply.Sincerely yours,Li Hua 结构结构 Hello Yours sincerely/truly,开门见山开门见山 起到交际作用起到交际作用语言得体语言得体 Im writing to invite you to be a judge.It will be
29、 a great honor if you can come.Would you please spare some time for us?I wonder if it is convenient to you.主被动主被动、时态、时态 The speech contest will be held介词运用介词运用 It will last from 2:00pm to 5:00pm.on June 15th in Classroom 501 典型错误典型错误 Chairman/president/head(master)Judge/judgment There are 10 student
30、s make speeches welcome sb.to do优秀表达优秀表达 around the corner,on behalf of，deliver speeches 邀请信邀请信写作要点：写作要点：邀请对象；邀请对象；活动内容、时间、地点；活动内容、时间、地点；与该活动有关的注意事项；询问是否接受邀请；询问是否接受邀请；期待对方接受邀请，并可表示感谢。期待对方接受邀请，并可表示感谢。语言注意点语言注意点:邀请信叙事（时间地点场合）一定要清楚、明白。邀请信叙事（时间地点场合）一定要清楚、明白。如写给朋友，可选用活泼、真诚的言辞；如写给如写给朋友，可选用活泼、真诚的言辞；如写给长辈、上
31、级、名人等，语言则应正式、礼貌。长辈、上级、名人等，语言则应正式、礼貌。开门见山，亮明身份、说明原因，起到交际应用开门见山，亮明身份、说明原因，起到交际应用作用。作用。v开头开头:Im writing to invite you to Id like you to come to May I have the honor of your company atv结尾：结尾：I will feel honored/grateful if you can come.It will be a great honor if you can come.I wonder if it is convenien
32、t to you.Would you please spare some time for us?We sincerely hope you can attend We are looking forward to Dear_,How is everything with you?Im writing to tell you that there will be a 内容内容 at/in 地点地点 on 时间时间.We would be honored to have you there with us.The occasion will start at 具体时间具体时间.This will
33、 be followed by a 进一步的安排进一步的安排.Ring me up and tell me whether you will come or not,will you?I really hope you can make it.My phone number is _.Looking forward to _.Yours sincerely Li Hua邀请信邀请信（20102010全国全国）假设你是育才中学学生会主席李华，）假设你是育才中学学生会主席李华，你校将举办一次英语演讲比赛你校将举办一次英语演讲比赛（speech contest）,希望附近某大学的外籍教师希望附近某大
34、学的外籍教师Smith 女士来做评委，女士来做评委，请参照以下比赛通知给她写一份信。请参照以下比赛通知给她写一份信。英语演讲比赛英语演讲比赛 主题：人与自然主题：人与自然时间：时间：6 6月月1515日下午日下午 2:002:005:005:00地点：地点：501501教室教室参赛选手：参赛选手：1010名学生名学生联系人：李华（电话联系人：李华（电话 ）欢迎大家光临欢迎大家光临 Dear Ms.Smith,Im Li Hua,Chairman of the Student Union of Yucai Middle School,which is close to your universi
35、ty.Im writing to invite you to be a judge at our English speech contest to be held in our school on June 15.It will start at 2:00 pm in Room 501 and last for about three hours.Ten students will deliver their speeches on the given topic“Man and Nature”.We hope that you will accept our invitation if i
36、t is convenient for you.Please call me at 44876655 if you have any questions.I am looking forward to your reply.With best wishes,Yours sincerely Li Hua Directions:You want to invite Mr.Williams to give a lecture on American literature in your college.Supposed you are the assistant of the English dep
37、artment,write a letter and say:1)the purpose of the invitation.2)the time of the lecture.Your letter should be no less than 100 words.You dont need to write the address.Dontsign your own name at the end of the letter,use Linda instead.Dear Mr.Williams,I am writing on behalf of the English Department
38、 to invite you to give a lecture in our college.We know that you are an expert on American literature.As English majors,our students would like to know something about American literature.We would be very grateful if you could give a talk on Contemporary American Literature to students of the Englis
39、h Department on Saturday,June 4.If this subject does not suit you,any other similar topic would be welcome as well.We have already had several very interesting talks from some distinguished visitors from various countries and we look forward early to the opportunity to benefit from your experience a
40、nd wisdom.Yours truly,Linda 表达写信人对于某一种情况的不满意（商品质量表达写信人对于某一种情况的不满意（商品质量问题、服务、所遇到的困扰等），向有关单位写问题、服务、所遇到的困扰等），向有关单位写信投诉、提出意见，用词较正规，无客套语。信投诉、提出意见，用词较正规，无客套语。投诉信投诉信v首段首段;写作意图、投诉内容写作意图、投诉内容v主体段落：展开说明投诉原因主体段落：展开说明投诉原因(重点，叙事应客观重点，叙事应客观准确简洁准确简洁)v结尾段：紧迫性，提出解决方案，表达愿望（不需结尾段：紧迫性，提出解决方案，表达愿望（不需要展开，切实可行）此段应体现书信的礼貌原
41、则，要展开，切实可行）此段应体现书信的礼貌原则，应当有类似应当有类似“如你能如你能，我将万分感激，我将万分感激”的话语。的话语。v在表达不满时，语言要把握分寸、不失风度在表达不满时，语言要把握分寸、不失风度内容有理、批评有节内容有理、批评有节Dear_,Im writing to you for sth/to tell you sth about 投诉的内容投诉的内容.简述导致矛盾的事件简述导致矛盾的事件.表达本人曾做的努力表达本人曾做的努力.投诉原因一投诉原因一.Besides，投诉原因二投诉原因二.To be frank,客观的评论以示诚恳客观的评论以示诚恳.I do hope/I req
42、uire that 表达本人期待的解决方案表达本人期待的解决方案.Thank you for your time and kind consideration.Yours sincerely,Li Hua投诉信投诉信v Complain aboutv Put up with/bear/toleratev Awful/poor/terrible service/qualityv Give/bring me a great deal of trouble v Out of ones expectationv Look into/investigatev Incident/matterv Solve
43、/settle/deal withv Bad mannersv Prevent the recurrence of/stop such things happening any more常用词汇常用词汇开头：开头：1.Im writing to make a complaint /complain about/that2.Im writing to inform you that Im dissatisfied with your/inform you of my dissatisfaction with3.I am writing to express my concern/dissatis
44、faction/disappointment about 4.Im writing to call/draw your attention to some problems about 5.I feel bad/sorry to trouble you but I am afraid I have to make a complaint about 投诉信投诉信结尾：结尾：1.Thank you for your kind consideration.2.Your attention to this letter will be highly appreciated.3.I do hope/r
45、equire that you can consider these problems and make more improvements.4.I would appreciate it/be grateful/be satisfied if you could kindly5.I trust you will take my complaints seriously and 6.Id like to have this matter settled by the end of/within/as soon as possible.7.In view of the inconvenience
46、 that this has caused,I feel you should 8.I sincerely hope such things will never happen again.(2008(2008湖北湖北)假设你是卜曼宜假设你是卜曼宜,你购买了一部某外国公你购买了一部某外国公司生产的手机。因有质量问题司生产的手机。因有质量问题,要求该公司更换。要求该公司更换。请根据下列要点请根据下列要点,用英文写一封电子邮件。用英文写一封电子邮件。1.1.问题问题:手机不响铃手机不响铃,不能发短信不能发短信;该产品已售完该产品已售完,无法更换无法更换;型号新型号新,无配件无配件,无法维修。无法维
47、修。2.2.要求要求:公司应尽快予以更换。公司应尽快予以更换。参考词汇参考词汇:配件配件(spare part)Dear Sir，I am writing to you for the mobile phone of Dephone-S250 I bought on 20th Apr.2008 at Tele Mall in Wuhan,P.R.China.Dear Sir，I am writing to you for the mobile phone of Dephone-S250 I bought on 20th Apr.2008 at Tele Mall in Wuhan,P.R.Ch
48、ina.Ten days after that,it didnt ring or send short messages.Then I took it to the seller,but was told that the model had been sold out and I had to wait at least three months for a new one.Later I went to the repairman.He said since it was a new-model in China,it was impossible to fix it without th
49、e right spare parts.I was so desperate on hearing that.How can I wait that long?Therefore,I require that you send me a new one of the same model within a month.Thank you for your consideration.Sincerely yours,Bu Manyi Dear Sir，I am writing to you for the mobile phone of Dephone-S250 I bought on 20th
50、 Apr.2008 at Tele Mall in Wuhan,P.R.China.What bothers me is the quality of the mobile phone.The problems are as follows:To start with,not only does it fail to ring but also it cant send a message.Besides,this kind of phones sell so well that none can be found at the market.As a result,I cant change
