1、Unit 4 Sharing一、语基必备知识 (一)重点词汇分类记忆.阅读词汇知其意1airmail n 航空邮件2fortnight n. 两星期3roof n. 屋顶；车顶4muddy adj. 泥泞的；泥土般的5bucket n. 水桶；吊桶；提桶6broom n. 扫帚7sniff vt.& vi. 嗅；闻；用鼻子吸8interpreter n. 作口译的人9toast vt. 烤(面包等)；敬酒n. 烤面包(片)；吐司面包；干杯10comb n. 梳子vi. 梳(发)11click vi.& vt. (使)发出咔嗒声n. 咔嗒声12angle n. 角；角度13financial a
2、dj. 财务的；金融的；财政的14trunk n. 树干；躯干；大衣箱15clinic n. 门诊部；小诊所16weed n. 杂草；野草vt.& vi. 除杂草17catalogue n. 目录18seed n. 种子；萌芽.核心词汇写其形1textbook n. 教科书；课本2weekly adj.& adv. 每周(的)3relevant adj. 有关的；切题的4remote adj. 遥远的；偏僻的5otherwise conj. 否则；不然adv. 用别的方法；其他方面6privilege n. 特权；特别优待7astronaut n. 宇航员；太空人8anniversary n.
3、 周年纪念(日)9economic adj. 经济的；经济学的10purchase vt.& n. 买；购买.拓展词汇通其变1adjust vi.& vt.调整；(使)适合adjustable adj.可调整的adjustment n调整；调节；适应2participate vi.参与；参加participation n参加；参与participant n参与者3operate vi.工作； 运转 vt.操作operation n手术；运转operator n操作人员4donate vt.捐赠donation n捐赠donator n捐赠者5volunteer n自愿者；志愿者 vi.自愿做v
4、oluntary adj.自愿的； 志愿的；无偿的6distribute vt.分配；分发distribution n分配；分发7arrange v准备；安排arrangement n安排；排列8secure vt.使安全security n安全；保护；保障9politics n政治political_ adj.政治的；政党的1.以“s”结尾的非复数名词news新闻politics 政治physics 物理abacus 算盘economics 经济学linguistics 语言学2.常用“y”形容词一览muddy泥泞的；泥土般的sunny 阳光充足的windy 多风的rainy 多雨的clou
5、dy 多云的；阴天的foggy 雾气蒙蒙的3.含“able”后缀的高频形容词adjustable 可调整的respectable 可敬的adaptable 可适应的reasonable 合理的changeable 易变的comfortable 舒服的 (二)重点短语记牢用活1hear_from接到的信2(be)_dying_to 极想；渴望3the_other_day_ 不久前的一天4come_across_ 偶然遇到5be_relevant_to._ 和有关6participate_in_ 参与；参加7dry_out (使浸水等之物)完全变干；干透8dry_up (指河流、井等)干涸9in_
6、need_ 在困难中；在危急中10get_through 完成；穿过；接通电话1.“v.from”短语一览hear from收到的信date from 追溯到result from 由于escape from 从逃脱benefit from 从中获益2.表示“偶然遇到”的短语荟萃come across偶然遇到run across 偶然遇到run into 撞上；偶然遇到meet with 符合；偶然遇到knock into 撞上；偶然遇到3.“与有关”面面观be relevant to与有关be related to 与有关be connected with 与有关have to do wit
7、h 与有关in connection with 与有关/相连be associated with 与有关 (三)重点句式背熟巧用句型公式教材原句句型1：be doing.when.正在做这时突然The other day I was_showing_the_boys_the_weekly_chemistry_experiment_when,_before I knew it，the mixture was bubbling over everywhere!几天前，我正给男孩儿们做每周一次的化学实验的演示，我还没有明白怎么回事，这时混合剂突然到处冒气泡了！句型2：doubt whether.怀疑
8、是否To be honest, I_doubt_whether_Im_making_any_difference_to these boys lives at all.说实在的，我怀疑是否我教的课会让这些孩子的生活有所改变。句型3：“介词关系副词”引导的定语从句We walked for two and a half hours to get therefirst up a mountain to a ridge _from_where_we_had_fantastic_views and then down a steep path to the valley below. 我们步行了两个半
9、小时才到达那里先是爬山，爬到山脊，在那里看到了奇妙的景色，然后走下一个陡坡，一直走到下边的山谷。句型4：not.but.不是而是The gift you give is not something your loved one keeps but_a_voluntary_contribution towards the lives of people who really need it.你送的礼物不是给你所爱的人留念的，而是给那些确实有生活需要的人的一项志愿性捐助。二、语境强化训练.语境填词根据提示写出该词的适当形式1(2019江苏卷)This has led companies and i
10、ndividuals to donate(捐款) money to developing countries to buy computer equipment and internet facilities.2(2017全国卷)I feel it a privilege(特权) to invite you to join us in the exhibition.3(2018全国卷)The classroom is a place for learning and that includes learning from textbooks (教科书), and mistakes as wel
11、l.4(2017全国卷)I think we need to read some materials that are relevant(有关的) to the topic we are discussing.5With the increasingly rapid economic(经济的) growth, more problems are brought to our attention.6(2017全国卷)Keep a record and evaluate it weekly(week).语境品词写出加黑词汇在语境中的意义1(2019全国卷阅读C)The keyboard could
12、 offer a strong layer of security by analyzing things like the force of a users typing and the time between key presses.安全2(2019天津卷阅读D)However，we can achieve meaning only if we have made a commitment to something larger than our own little egos(自我), whether to loved ones，to fellow humans, to work, o
13、r to some moral concept.观念；概念3(2017全国卷语法填空)This included digging up the road, laying the track and then building a strong roof over the top.房顶4(2017江苏卷阅读D)His notforprofit organization runs 100 river boats that serve as floating libraries, schools, and health clinics, and are equipped with solar pan
14、els and other communicating facilities.诊所5(全国卷七选五)Instead of looking at the situation from this hopeless angle, look at everything you still have and be thankful for all of the good in your life.角度.派生词练习用所给词的适当形式填空1The operator is operating the big machine according to the operation guidance.(operat
15、e)2The desks and chairs are adjustable and you can adjust them to the height of the students.The adjustment is not difficult to make.(adjust)3(2019全国卷书面表达)I would like to do some voluntary work for the exhibition.So I am writing this letter asking to be a volunteer(voluntary)4We encouraged anyone to
16、 participate in the singing competition and the participant who wins will be given a gift as prize for the participation(participate)5We could make an arrangement to meet at the school gate at 10 am. and arrange for the following activity.(arrange).选词成篇adjust to; be dying to; be relevant to; the oth
17、er day; make a great difference; participate in; in needMy sister 1.was_dying_to do some voluntary work to help those 2._in_need. She was determined to go to a remote village to 3.participate_in a voluntary activity. She made full preparations for the activity. The theme of this activity 4.was_relev
18、ant_to caring for the elderly. My mother was worried about whether she could 5.adjust_to living in the remote mountainous village alone. 6.The_other_day,_she told us that it was not a burden but a privilege to accompany the elderly. In my opinion, what she did 7.made_a_great_difference to the villag
19、e.完成句子1说实在的，我怀疑他们两天内能否完成这项艰巨的任务。To be honest, I doubt whether_they_will_finish_the_hard_task in two days.2那个男孩爬到了那栋建筑物的三楼，从那个地方他可以看得更远。The boy climbed into the third storey of the building, from_where_he_could_look_farther_into_the_distance3(2018全国卷书面表达)不是这部电影，而是影片中播放的内容才真正有价值。It_is_not_the_movie_bu
20、t what is shown in it that really counts.4昨天下午我正在街上散步，这时我碰到了我的英语老师。I was_walking_in_the_street_yesterday_afternoon_when I met my English teacher. adjustvi.& vt.调整；(使)适合基础练习单句语法填空/完成句子The first time I set foot on the country, I couldnt adjust _to the customs of the country.We have made an adjustment(
21、adjust) to our price and give you a special discount of 3 percent.I really hope you can adjust_your_emotion(调整你的情绪) and can be happy every day.能力提升微写作(2018北京卷书面表达)你最好在来之前学习一些初级汉语，那样你就能很快地适应北京的生活。Youd better learn some basic Chinese before you come. That way, you_can_adjust_yourself_to_the_life_in_Be
22、ijing_soon(1)adjust.to.调整以适应adjust (oneself) to 使(自己)适应(2)adjustment n调整；调节；适应make an adjustment 做出调整(3)adjustable adj. 可调整的；可调节的 佳句背诵 Mikes mother did almost everything for him when he was in high school, making it difficult for him to adjust to college life.在高中时迈克的妈妈为他做了几乎所有的事情，这让他难以适应大学的生活。 parti
23、cipatevi.参与；参加基础练习单句语法填空(2020武昌区元月调研书面表达)Having_participated(participate) in several similar activities before, I know well how to handle emergencies.(江苏卷书面表达)Things will turn for the better if we can work out some participation(participate) rules for people to obey. 能力提升词汇升级(普通表达)Those who want to
24、join in the contest are supposed to sign up before May 20th.(高级表达)Those who want to participate_in_ the contest are supposed to sign up before May 20th.(1)participate in参加(2)participant n. 参加者participation n. 参与；参加；分享 佳句背诵 Besides，our school set up a volleyball team and a basketball team.Both teams
25、train for two hours a day and participate in competitions regularly.此外， 我们学校组建了排球队和篮球队。两个队每天训练两个小时并定期参加比赛。(2018全国卷书面表达)联想发散 “参加”荟萃：take_part_in；join_in；compete_in;_ participate_in donatev捐赠；赠送基础练习单句语法填空(天津卷书面表达)Now I am writing an email to tell you something about our donated(donate) books.Besides,
26、we made a donation(donate) of 120，000 yuan to you, expecting that it can help you get through the difficulties.能力提升句式升级(普通表达)The old man donated a lot of money to the school. It enables the students to return to their classroom.(高级表达)The old man donated a lot of money to the school, enabling_the_stu
27、dents_to_return_to_their_classroom. (分词作状语)(1)donate.to sb./sth.把捐赠给某人或某物(2)donation n. 捐赠；捐献make a donation to. 向捐赠(3)donated adj. 捐赠的佳句背诵 Luckily, many people and organizations donated a lot of money to help them receive college education smoothly.幸运的是，许多人和组织捐赠了很多钱来帮助他们顺利地接受大学教育。 distributevt.分配；分
28、发；分布基础练习单句语法填空Then we distributed some presents such as books and school bags to/among them.The unfair distribution(distribute) of wealth has become a serious problem and the government has decided to take action to make it fairer. 能力提升微写作(2018北京卷书面表达)我告诉那些国际学生，茶广泛分布在全国各地。I told those international
29、students that tea_is_widely_distributed_all_over_the_country(1)distribute.to.把分给distribute.among. 在中分发(2)distribution n. 分配；分发；分布状态 佳句背诵 They have contributed lots of food and clothes to that rural area and some volunteers helped to distribute them to those in need.他们捐赠了大量的食物和衣服到农村地区，一些志愿者帮助把他们分发给那些
30、需要的人。 operatevi.工作；运转；动手术vt.操作；经营一词多义写出下列句中operate的含义People were trapped between floors because the lift didnt operate properly.运转(2019全国卷)Computers are much easier to operate.操作If the doctor had operated on him earlier, he wouldnt have died.动手术My parents used to operate a small restaurant near the
31、train station.经营This kind of material operates as a very effective protection.起作用(1)operate on sb.给某人动手术(2)operation n. 运转；手术put sth. into operation 实施/施行佳句背诵 Were all ready to put it into operation; in other words, were going to take action as soon as possible.我们都准备好将它付诸实施了；换句话说，我们将尽快采取行动。联想发散 “经营，
32、 管理”表达如下：manage；operate；run (be) dying to极想；渴望基础练习单句语法填空He has been longing (long) to attend college since he was a little boy. Now his dream has come true.Mike is eager to_stay(stay) away from the busy city life for a while.能力提升完成句子作为一名渴望学习知识的学生，你在学习中有必要形成一种有效的学习方法。As a student who is_dying_to_lear
33、n_knowledge/is_dying_for/is_thirsty_for_knowledge,_it is necessary to build an effective method in your study.(1)渴望得到某物(2)渴望(做)某事佳句背诵 I heard you are dying for some advice on how to make friends.我听说你正渴望得到一些如何交友的建议。 in need在困难中；在危急中基础练习单句语法填空In our life we may meet many failures. As long as we try ou
34、r best，there is no need to_feel(feel) regret for these failures.They wont go back to work unless someone can meet their needs(need)能力提升完成句子Deeds are better than words when people are in_need_of_help(需要帮助)As the saying goes, a_friend_in_need_is_a_friend_indeed(患难见真情)in need of需要satisfy/meet ones need
35、s 满足某人的需要There is no need for sb. to do sth. 某人没有必要做某事。佳句背诵 Instead of shouting empty slogans, it is more meaningful to donate books and sports goods to children in need.捐赠书籍和体育用品给有需要的儿童，而不是高喊空洞的口号，这更有意义。 “介词关系副词”引导的定语从句(教材P29)We walked for two and a half hours to get therefirst up a mountain to a r
36、idge from where we had fantastic views.我们步行了两个半小时才到达那里先是爬山，爬到山脊，在那里看到了奇妙的景色基础练习单句语法填空The app WeChat provides a networking platform where communication has become faster and easier.The book was written in 1946, since when the education system witnessed great changes.能力提升句式升级(普通表达)Alice stood at the w
37、indow, and from there she could see her classmates playing football.(高级表达)Alice stood at the window, from_where_she_could_see her classmates playing football.(定语从句)句中from where引导的定语从句修饰a ridge。在“介词关系词”引导的定语从句中，关系词常为which和whom，关系副词where和when之前一般不加介词，比较特殊的有from where和since when。佳句背诵 It took us about 2
38、 hours to reach the top, from where we were rewarded with beautiful scenery.我们花了大约2个小时到达山顶，从那里我们看到了美丽的风景。 not.but.不是而是(教材P34)The gift you give is not something your loved one keeps but a voluntary contribution towards the lives of people who really need it.你送的礼物不是给你所爱的人留念的，而是给那些确实有生活需要的人的一项志愿性捐助。基础练
39、习单句语法填空Not how much money you will give us but that you are present at the ceremony really matters(matter)(2019全国卷)I work not because I have to, but because I want to.It is not the tools a scientist uses but how he uses these tools that makes him a scientist.(1)not.but.连接两个平行成分，当连接两个主语时，谓语动词的数按“就近一致
40、”原则确定。(2)not only.but(also), either.or.，neither.nor.连接两个主语时，谓语动词的数按“就近一致”原则确定。佳句背诵 I realize the secret to success is not when or where you were born, but what you are doing and how you do it in your life.我意识到成功的秘诀不是你出生于何时何地，而是你在生活中的所作所为。.词形转换和动词的形式变换(用所给词的正确形式填空)1He was making arrangements(arrange)
41、 for accommodations for the students.2As we all know, Yang Liwei and Wang Yaping are famous astronauts(astronaut) in China.3During the last three decades, the number of people participating(participate) in physical fitness programme has increased sharply.4His idea of having weekly(week) family meals
42、 together, which seemed difficult at first, has many good changes in their lives.5Last Sunday, our class launched a voluntary(volunteer) activity whose theme was to make the city more beautiful and advocate a lowcarbon lifestyle.固定用法和搭配(在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式)1As for the environmental protection,
43、it is not what we say but what we do that makes a difference.2(2019全国卷书面表达)Here are three main reasons why I am the best choice for you.3I think we need to read some materials that are relevant to the topic we are discussing.4The teacher was_distributing(distribute) the sweets among the children whe
44、n a boy burst out crying.5Brought up in the country, he finds it hard to adjust himself(he) to city life.易错误用(改正下列句子中的错误)1We want to make a donation for the Hope Project, so we are organizing a charity show.forto2It is really a privilege for me to work as a interpreter in the company.第二个aan3The vase
45、 was purchased at a high price turned out to be of little value.删除was或在was前加that/which4It is no need for us to wish for the things that dont belong to us.ItThere5Being abroad for so many years, I always look forward to hear from my family.hearhearing.熟词生义(根据具体语境写出加黑词的词性及含义)1(天津卷)When John was growin
