1、Unit 4 Astronomy: the science of the starsReading导学案2【学习目标】1.分享有关宇宙的构成、地球的形成、宇宙大爆炸、生物进化的资料;2.了解边缘科学、地球生命的起源,了解万有引力、黑洞和太空旅行等天文知识,培养对科学的兴趣和探究科学的热情;3.了解作者的写作特点,培养创造性思维。【方法指导】 1.通读课文,理解文章大意 2.再次细读课文,理解细节内容课前预习: 预读课文,找出难懂的句子,与同伴交流学习;收集有关宇宙的构成、地球的形成、宇宙大爆炸、生物进化的资料。课堂探究案Exploring CaseStep 1: Warming up & Pr
2、e-readingDiscuss with the classmates in your groups about the following questions:1) Where do we come from? Who are our ancestors? 2) Each religion and culture has its own ideas about how life began on earth. What do you know?3) In our solar system eight planets circle around the sun. What are they?
3、 How to remember the order(顺序) of the eight planets(行星) ? 4) What interests you in astronomy? Do you know any questions that astronomers are interested in?A Quiz Game(知识小竞赛):1. How old is the earth?A. About 3.5 billion years B. About 4.5 billion yearsC. About 5.5 billion years D. About 6.5 billion y
4、ears 2. _ of the earth surface is covered by water.A. 20% B. 30% C. 50% D. 70%3. How many planets are there in the Solar System?A. 6 B. 7 C. 8 D. 9 4. What is the total population of humans on the earth?A. About 3.5 billion B. About 4.5 billionC. About 5.5 billion D. About 6.5 billion5. How long doe
5、s the rotation of the earth take? A. 12 hours B. 24 hours C. a month D. 365 days6. Which continent is the smallest?A. Africa B. North America C. South America D. Oceania 7. On what day is the Earth day celebrated?A. April 22 B. May 4 C. August 21 D. November 118. Which ocean is the largest?A. The Pa
6、cific Ocean B. The Arctic Ocean C. The Indian Ocean D. The Atlantic Ocean9. Which country has the largest area?A. Canada B. China C. Russia D. U.S.A Step 2: Prediction: 1. Look at the picture on P25. What can you see?_2. Now combine the title and the pictures, and then predict what the reading will
7、be about? _Step 3: Fast readingSkim the passage and match the main idea with each paragraph. Para. 1 The formation of the earth.Para. 2 The importance of water for life.Para. 3 A widely accepted theory about the formation of the universe.Para. 4 The arrival of humans and their impact on the earth. P
8、ara. 5 The development of plants and animals on the earth.Scan the text and choose the best answer and choose the best answer.1. Why was the earth different from other planets?A. It produced a lot of heat. B. The water remained. C. The water disappeared. D. It was the oldest planet.2. Why was life a
9、ble to develop on the earth but not on other planets?A. The earth had a solid shape.B. The earth did not have harmful gases in its atmosphere.C. The water stayed on the earth but not on other planets.D. The earth was not too hot and not too cold.3. Why was it necessary for plants to grow before anim
10、als?A. Animals needed plants to protect them from the sun.B. Plants provided oxygen for animals to breathe. C. Animals could hide from hunters in the forest.D. It was easier for plants to grow.4. It can be inferred from the text that _.A. after “Big Bang”, what the dust was to become remained a myst
11、eryB. plants appeared before the animalsC. plants multiplied and filled the oceans with oxygenD. plants played an important part in the appearance of the animalsStep 4: Detailed reading: Time What happened?Big Bang _began to form and combine to create _ and other bodies. Between 4.5 and 3.8 billion
12、years ago Dust settled into a solid and _ globe.The earth _ to produce its _.The continued _ of _ allowed the earth to dissolve harmful _ and _ into the oceans and seas. Many millions of years later The first small _ on the surface of the water produced _.Early _ and all sorts of fish appeared.Green
13、 _ began to grow on land. Insects and _ appeared.Many millions of years later The first small _ on the surface of the water produced _.Early _ and all sorts of _ appeared.Green _ began to grow on land. Insects and _ appeared._ appeared and they laid eggs._ developed, laid eggs and _ for more than _
14、million years.Mammals rose and _ babies. About 2.6 million years agoSome small _ animals with hands and feet _ and spread all over the earth. Now Humans produce too much carbon _, making the earth too _. Step 5: Retell the story based on the pictures.Step 6: Summary of the text:After the _, the eart
15、h was a cloud of energetic _. Later the dust began to _ into a _. And then it _ loudly with fire and rock , which were in time to _ the water vapour, carbon dioxide, which were to make the earths _. As the earth _ down, small _ began to _ on its surface. Water had _ from planets or satellites, but i
16、t _on the earth. That made it possible for life to begin to _ . The arrival of _ encouraged the _of early _ and all sorts of fish. Many millions of years later, the first _ _ began to appear on _. Later _ appeared. Some were_. Others called _, were able to live on lands well as in the _. When the pl
17、ants grew into forests, _appeared for the first time. After they disappeared, _became more important. They were the last group of animals different from because they _milk from within their bodies.Step 7: Discuss with your classmates:We have only one earth! It is high time that we took measures to s
18、ave our earth!But what can we do to protect our earth?_课后巩固：1.根据下面短语提示,与同伴相互复述课文：The universe began with, after which the earth. It gradually changed into a Then after the explosion, was formed and later, appeared, which made it possible first appeared and encouraged. Next, began to grow, followed b
19、y Whengrew into, appeared.After that, developed and died out Later, came into being. Finally,appeared, spread all over the earth and became on the planet. 2.找出难懂的句子,与同伴交流学习。3.请做下面的课外阅读：At first, the earths surface layer(层)was made up of huge blocks of hard, solid rocks. Then slowly, there rocks brok
20、e up into smaller and smaller pieces. Finally stones, pebble(卵石)and grains of sand were formed. Many sorts of plants and animals lived and died on the surface of the earth. Their remains mixed up with the stones, pebbles and formed soil. The outmost layer of the earth is soil.There are many ways in
21、which large pieces of rock break into smaller ones. Wind, water, heat and cold help to break up rocks. When winds blow grains of sand against a large rock for a long time, the softer layers of the rock are slowly worn away. These leave holes and crack(裂缝)in the rock, which become bigger and finally
22、the rock breaks up into smaller pieces.The moving water of streams and rivers also help to break up rocks. As the water moves along, it carries with it small pieces of rock. These rub the larger ones. Thus, the larger rocks are worn down to smaller pieces.The heat of the sun is also helpful to break
23、ing up rocks. When the sun shines, the rocks become very hot. If these rocks are suddenly cooled, they may crack. Ice also plays a part in making soil. Water in the cracks can turn into ice in cold weather. As this happens, it becomes bigger and the cracks become wider, and finally break into smalle
24、r pieces.1. According to the passage, soil . A. forms very slowly B. is a mixture of stones, pebbles and sand C. make up the layers of the earth D. is becoming smaller and smaller2. How many factors are mentioned in helping the forming of soil? A. Three. B. Four. C. Five. D. More than five.3. Which
25、of the following speeds up the breaks of rocks most? A. Hot weather. B. Cold water. C. Sharp changes in temperature. D. More dead plants in the cracks.4. Which of the following is NOT true? A. The remains of many plants of animals formed soil. B. If a large rock never moves, it will never break up.
26、C. Even if a large rock never moves, it will break up. D. Ice in the cracks helps to break up rocks5. The best title for this passage should be . A. Soil from Rocks B. Ways to Break up Rocks C. Soil on the Earth D. Soil, Outmost Layer of the Earth答案课堂探究案Exploring CaseStep 1: Warming up & Pre-reading
27、：A Quiz Game(知识小竞赛):BDCDBDAACStep 3: Fast readingPara. 1 A widely accepted theory about the formation of the universe. Para. 2 The formation of the earth.Para. 3 The importance of water for life.Para. 4 The development of plants and animals on the earth. Para. 5 The arrival of humans and their impac
28、t on the earth. Scan the text and choose the best answer and choose the best answer. 1. B 2. C 3. B 4. D Step 4: Detailed reading: Time What happened?Big Bang Atoms began to form and combine to create stars and other bodies. Between 4.5 and 3.8 billion years ago Dust settled into a solid and violent
29、 globe.The earth exploded to produce its atmosphere.The continued presence of water allowed the earth to dissolve harmful gases and acids into the oceans and seas. Many millions of years later The first small plants on the surface of the water produced oxygen.Early shellfish and all sorts of fish ap
30、peared.Green plants began to grow on land. Insects and amphibians appeared.Reptiles appeared and they laid eggs.Dinosaurs developed, laid eggs and existed for more than 140 million years.Mammals rose and gave birth to babies. About 2.6 million years agoSome small clever animals with hands and feet a
31、ppeared and spread all over the earth. Now Humans produce too much carbon dioxide, making the earth too hot. Step 6: Summary of the text:“Big Bang”; energetic dust; combine; a ball; exploded; produce; atmosphere; cooled; water; appear; disappeared; stayed; develop small plants; development; shellfish and all sorts of fish; the first green plants; on land; land animals; insects; amphibians; in the sea; dinosaurs; mammals; produced阅读理解 答案： ACCBA
