(英语)情态动词练习题含答案.doc

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1、【英语】情态动词练习题含答案一、单项选择情态动词1would可以表达过去常常做的事,过去习惯发生的动作:Pirates would bury gold in a cave. 海盗们常常把黄金藏在山洞中。We would take a walk along the river. 我们过去常常沿河散步。3. would后接like、love、mind等动词,表示要求、邀请、希望或询问,此时不是说过去,而是对现在的询问:Would you like to come to my party? 你愿意来我的派对吗?Would you mind coming with us? 你介意和我们一起吗?比如本题

2、,would 表示婉转的请求,征求对方的意见,故选A。2What a pity! Considering his ability and experience, he _ it better.Aneed have doneBmust have doneCcan have doneDmight have done【答案】D【解析】【详解】考查虚拟语气中的情态动词。句意:真遗憾啊!考虑到他的能力和经验,他也许可以做得更好。can have done较少使用此结构,表示对过去行为的怀疑;用于疑问句时意为“难道真的做了吗”,表示怀疑;need have done需要做某事,实际上却未做(表示虚拟语气)

3、;must have done一定做了某事(表示对过去发生的事情的肯定推测);might have done表示对发生过的事情的推测,意思是“可能已经”或“也许已经”,用于肯定句中。故D正确。【点睛】本题是高考必考考点,一定要牢记句型意思。must have done过去肯定做了某事。should have done本应该做而实际未做。cant have done过去不可能做了某事;shouldnt have done 本不应该做而实际做了。need have done本有必要做某事而没做;neednt have done本没有必要做某事;注意没有mustnt have done的形式。3Di

4、d you attend the meeting for the experiment project yesterday?Yes, but I dont think I _ because my director was there.Aneed to haveBneed toCneeded toDneed have【答案】D【解析】【分析】【详解】考查情态动词+have done。句意:你昨天参加实验项目的会议了吗?是的,但我想我(本来)不需要,因为我的主管在那里。Think/suppose等宾语从句中如果有否定词时,要把从句的否定词not前移,即“否定前移”。所以not是从句中的否定词。“

5、need have done”意为“本来有必要做而未做”;“neednt have done”指过去本来没必要做而做了。根据上一句时间状语“yesterday”可知本句指的是过去发生的事。结合第二句“because my director was there(我的主管)在”可推断出,我本来不必要去。故选D。4Traveling by subway _ sometimes be quite an adventure, especially during the rush hour.AmustBcanCshallDshould【答案】B【解析】【详解】考查情态动词。句意:乘地铁旅行有时可能相当冒险

6、,尤其是在交通高峰期。A. must必须;一定;B. can能够;可能;C. shall将会;D. should应该;应当。本句中can表示客观可能性(客观原因形成的能力),故选B。5Using AI, many companies are now conducting experiments that_ possible just a few years agoAwould have beenBmight have beenCshouldnt have beenDcouldnt have been【答案】D【解析】【详解】考查情态动词表推测。句意:很多公司现在使用人工智能进行试验,这在几年前

7、是不可能的。根据“a few years ago”可知,此处表示“过去不可能”,应该用couldnt have done,故D项正确。6Our English teacher is considerate,helpful,and warm-hearted,but sometimes she_ be angry at our silly mistakes.AshouldBmustCcanDshall【答案】C【解析】【详解】考查情态动词。句意:我们的英语老师很体贴、乐于助人、热心肠,但有时她可能为我们愚蠢的错误而发火。can表示一种客观的可能性,但不一定会发生,故C项正确。7Look! Ther

8、e are so many mistakes in your composition. You _ have fixed full attention on it.AcanBshouldCneedDmight【答案】B【解析】【详解】考查情态动词。句意:看!你的作文里有那么多的错误。你本应该把所有的注意力都集中在它上面的。表示“本应该做但实际上没有做”应该用should have done结构,can have done表示可能;need表示需要;might have done表示可能做过某事;故选B。8It_ have been Tom that parked the car here, a

9、s he is the only one with a car.AmayBcanCmustDshould【答案】C【解析】【详解】考查情态动词表猜测的用法。句意:一定是汤姆把车停在这儿的,因为他是唯一有车的人。A. may可能;B. can可能;C. must一定;D. should应该。由as he is the only one with a car.可知一定是他把车停在这里的,非常有把握的肯定推测,故选C。9You rang me up at about 10:00 last night, didnt you?No, I didnt phone you. It someone else.

10、Amust have beenBcould beCmust beDcould have been【答案】A【解析】【详解】考查情态动词+have done。句意:“昨晚10点左右你给我打了电话,是吗?”“不,我没给你打电话。一定是别人干的。” musthavedone是对过去发生的动作最有把握的猜测,意思是“一定”,结合语境可知,我没有打电话给你,因此猜测一定有别人给你打了电话 。故选A项。10Lack of sleep _ lead to weakened immunity and memory, and also slow physical growth.AshallBmustCshoul

11、dDcan【答案】D【解析】【详解】考查情态动词辨析。句意:睡眠不足会导致免疫力和记忆力下降,还会减缓身体发育。A. shall将;B. must必须;C. should应该;D. can会,表示理论上或是逻辑判断上,用can,故选D。11I often felt troubled in my teens and my grandma _ comfort me, saying “Life is like that, dear”.AwouldBmightCshouldDmust【答案】A【解析】【详解】考查情态动词。句意:在我十几岁的时候,我经常感到烦恼,我的奶奶会安慰我说,“生活就是这样,亲爱

12、的”。此处是would+动词原形,表示“过去总是做某事”。故选A。12One of our rules is that every student _ wear school uniform while at school.AmightBcouldCshallDwill【答案】C【解析】【详解】考查情态动词辨析。句意:我们其中一条规则要求每个学生在校期间都要穿校服。shall可以表示“命令,警告,强制要求;允诺;法律,规定要做”,结合句意可知C正确。13It has been announced that all the candidates _ remain in their seats u

13、ntil all the papers have been collected.AshallBcouldCwouldDought【答案】A【解析】【详解】考查情态动词用法。句意:据宣布,所有的候选人都要坐在位置上,直到所有的试卷都被收齐。根据句意可知本句是考试规则,情态动词shall可以表示“按照规则/规定/法律要做的事情”,符合本句语境。故A项正确。14It is really cold and the ground is wet; it _ have rained last night.AmightBmustCcanDshould【答案】B【解析】【详解】考查情态动词辨析。句意:天气很冷而

14、且地面是湿的,昨晚一定下了雨。根据上文the ground is wet可知,“昨晚下了雨”是肯定的,故用must have done“必定做了”表示对过去十分有把握的推测,故选B。【点睛】must have done用法辨析must have done:表示对过去的肯定的逻辑推测,推定某件事情、动作或状态可能在过去发生过(存在过)。He must have been a doctor, for he knows medicine so well. 他过去肯定是一位医生,他对医学如此了解。Somebody must have stolen the ring. 肯定有人偷了这枚戒指. 该句所推断

15、的偷窃动作发生在过去.The temperature must have dropped to below zero last night, because the water is frozen all over.昨夜的温度肯定降到零度以下,因为水都冻住了。如果“must + have + 过去分词”句型与by now连用,还可以表示对现在完成的动作和状态的肯定推测,但实质上还是指所推测的过去的动作。例如:They started early this morning; they must have arrived by now. 他们今晨很早就出发了,现在肯定已经到了。中国学生的常见病句是

16、:They.; they certainly have arrived.病句的句义是“他们当然已经到达了。”(这不是对过去的肯定推测,而是断定动作已经完成。)15The accident which left 15 people on board dead _ if both the angry female passenger and the bus driver had kept calm.Ashould have avoidedBshould be avoidedCcould have avoidedDcould have been avoided【答案】D【解析】【详解】考查“情态动词

17、+完成式”。句意:如果愤怒的女乘客和巴士司机保持冷静,这起导致15人死亡的事故本来是可以避免的。could have done“本来能做而没有做”,且句子主语The accident和谓语动词avoid之间是被动关系,结合句意可知答案为D。【点睛】情态动词+ have done结构:1.“must + have + 过去分词”表示对过去发生的事情或状态进行推测,语气比较坚定,通常只用于肯定句。如:It must have rained last night,for the ground is wet.2.“can / could + have + 过去分词”表示对过去某种情况的怀疑或不确定。c

18、an和could一般用于否定句和疑问句,could的语气较can弱。如:He cant have finished the work so soon.3.“may / might + have + 过去分词”表示对已发生的动作或存在的状态进行不肯定的推测,might的语气比may弱一点。这种结构主要用于肯定句和否定句,疑问句改用can或could。如:They may not have known it beforehand.4.“need + have + 过去分词”表示过去做了不必做或不需要做的事情,或过去做某事纯属多余。如:I neednt have bought so much win

19、eonly five people came.5.“should / ought to + have + 过去分词”表示过去本该做某事但没做,其否定式表示过去不该做某事但做了,这种句式含有不满或责备之意,ought to的语气比should强一些。如:You ought to / should have studied harder. 你本应该更努力学习的.(但没有)He oughtnt to / shouldnt have done that. 他本来就不该做那件事.(可是做了)6.“would have 过去分词”表示对过去的某种情况进行猜测,或本来要做某事却因某种原因未做成,通常用来说明

20、某一情况,但不像用should或ought to那样含有责备之意。如:I guess the poet would have been about twenty when she wrote her first poem.Another worker wouldnt have acted like that.16-Can I pay the bill by credit card?-Sorry, sir. But it is the management rules of our hotel that payment _ be made in cash.AshallBneedCwillDmus

21、t【答案】A【解析】【详解】考查情态动词词义辨析。A. shall用于法律法规或条文中,表示义务、规定等;B. need需要;C. will会;D. must必须。句意:我能用信用卡支付么?对不起,先生,现金支付是我们酒店的管理规定。故A项正确。17Whats wrong with the door?The key has got stuck in it and _ come out.AshouldntBmustntCneedntDwont【答案】D【解析】【详解】考查情态动词。句意:-门怎么了?-钥匙卡在里面出不来了。A. shouldnt不应该;B. mustnt禁止;C. neednt

22、不需要;D. wont不会。wont表示拒绝时,其主语有时可以是“物”。故选D项。18Its so cold here! Why havent you turned on your air-conditioner?Well, it _ turn on.AshouldntBcantCwontDshant【答案】C【解析】【详解】考查情态动词。句意:这里太冷了!你为什么不把空调打开呢?嗯,这个空调老是打不开。A. shouldnt不应该;B. cant不能;C. wont偏偏不,老是不,此处是表示习惯或倾向;D. shant不会。这里使用will的否定wont表示事物的自然属性“空调总是开不开”。

23、故选C项。19You cant imagine that a well behaved gentleman _ be so rude to a lady.AmightBneedCshouldDwould【答案】C【解析】【详解】考查情态动词辨析。句意: 你无法想象一个行为良好的绅士会对一位女士如此粗鲁A. might可能;B. need需要 ;C. should竟然; D. would会。由You cant imagine that a well behaved gentleman. 可知,should“竟然”符合句意。故选项C项。20What does the sign over there

24、 read?“No person_smoke or carry a lighted cigarette,cigar or pipe in this area.”AwillBmayCshallDmust【答案】C【解析】【详解】考查情态动词辨析。句意:-那边的牌子上写的是什么?-任何人不得在本地区吸烟或携带点燃的香烟、雪茄或烟斗。A. will表示现在的意志、愿望等,意为要,希望; B. may表示许可,或用于请求许可,意为可,可以;C. shall在陈述句中用于第二人称或第三人称,表示说话者的意志、命令、约定、决心、警告、威胁、预言等,意为必须,应该,要,得,给; D. must意为必须, 要

25、,应当。 分析句意可知,词句表示任何都不准在这个区域吸烟或携带点着的香烟、雪茄或烟斗。故选C项。21Frankly speaking, I am not sure whether I _ this in the old days with that kind of equipment, which looks quite odd and ridiculous.Ashould have doneBneed have doneCwould have doneDmust have done【答案】C【解析】【详解】考查情态动词+have done。句意:坦率地说,我不确定在过去我是否会用这种设备做这

26、件事,这看起来很奇怪和可笑。A. should have done表示本应该做某事,而实际上没有做某事;B. need have done表示本来需要做某事而没有做;C. would have done虚拟语气,表示对过去事情的假设,意思是“本来会做”;D. must have done表示对过去事情的肯定推测,译成“一定做过某事”。由“in the old days”可知,本句表示对过去事情的假设。故选C项。22May you live longer, grandpa!Thank you! Its the favorite wish I _.Ashould have waited forBm

27、ust have waited forCmay have waited forDcould have waited for【答案】D【解析】【详解】考查情态动词+have done形式。 句意:爷爷祝您长寿!谢谢,这是我能够等待到的最喜欢的愿望。A. should have waited for 本应该等待; B. must have waited for 一定在等待;C. may have waited for可能已经等待; D. could have waited for可以已经等待的。表示可以等到的愿望用could have waited for。故选D。【点睛】情态动词have don

28、e不仅是高中英语教学的重点和难点,也是高考的重点。情态动词have done有两大功能:一是表示推测;二是表示虚拟。must have done过去一定做了某事,根据must的本意即可推敲出意思,比较好理解。The lights were out. They must have been asleep. 灯灭了,他们应该睡觉了。should have done本该做某事却没做,should是应该,重点记忆最后的结果是没做某事。You should have told her that you loved her.你本应该告诉她你爱她。could have done字面意思是可能已经做了某事,也

29、可用作本能做却没做某事,重点记忆最后的结果是没做。You could have reviewed, but you played games all night.你本可以复习的,但你一晚上都在玩游戏。may have done也许已经做了某事。23We _ have watered these flowers yesterday. Todays rain will be too much for them.AcantBshouldntCmay notDmustnt【答案】B【解析】【详解】考查情态动词。句意:我们昨天不应该给这些花浇水。今天的雨对他们来说太大了。A. cant不可能;B. sh

30、ouldnt不应该;C. may not或许不会;D. mustnt禁止,不允许。情态动词的完成时shouldt have done“本不应该做而做了”。根据Todays rain will be too much for them.可知,此处指昨天不应该给这些花浇水。故选B。【点睛】情态动词+ have done结构:1.“must + have + 过去分词”表示对过去发生的事情或状态进行推测,语气比较坚定,通常只用于肯定句。如:It must have rained last night, for the ground is wet.2.“can / could + have + 过去分

31、词”表示对过去某种情况的怀疑或不确定。can和could一般用于否定句和疑问句,could的语气较can弱。如:He cant have finished the work so soon.3.“may / might + have + 过去分词”表示对已发生的动作或存在的状态进行不肯定的推测,might的语气比may弱一点.这种结构主要用于肯定句和否定句,疑问句改用can或could,如:They may not have known it beforehand.4.“need + have + 过去分词”表示过去做了不必做或不需要做的事情,或过去做某事纯属多余,如:I neednt hav

32、e bought so much wineonly five people came.5.“should / ought to + have + 过去分词”表示过去本该做某事但没做,其否定式表示过去不该做某事但做了,这种句式含有不满或责备之意,ought to的语气比should强一些。如:You ought to / should have studied harder.你本应该更努力学习的。(但没有) He oughtnt to / shouldnt have done that.他本来就不该做那件事。(可是做了) 6.“would + have + 过去分词”表示对过去的某种情况进行猜测

33、,或本来要做某事却因某种原因未做成,通常用来说明某一情况,但不像用should或ought to那样含有责备之意。如:I guess the poet would have been about twenty when she wrote her first poem.Another worker wouldnt have acted like that.24- Difficulties always go with me!- Cheer up! If God closes door in front of you, there be a window opened for you.Amust

34、BwouldCcouldDcan【答案】A【解析】【详解】考查情态动词辨析。句意:困难总是伴随着我!高兴点! 如果上帝在你面前关上了门,一定有一扇窗户为你打开。A. must必须;B. would将要;C. could能,会;D. can能,会。must表示对现在的状态推测时,意为“一定”,表示可能性很大的推测。符合语境。故选A。【点睛】1) must用在肯定句中表示较有把握的推测,意为一定。2) must表对现在的状态或现在正发生的事情的推测时, must 后面通常接系动词be 的原形或行为动词的进行式。 3) must 表示对已发生的事情的推测时,must 要接完成式。4) must表示对

35、过去某时正发生的事情的推测,must 后面要接完成进行式。5) 否定推测用cant。本句中的。must表示对现在的状态推测时,意为一定,表示可能性很大的推测。符合第2点用法。25Every coin has two sides. Beautiful songs, sometimes, _ just be noise to others.AmustBshouldCmayDwould【答案】C【解析】【详解】考查情态动词。句意:任何事物都有两面性。美丽的歌曲,有时候,对别人来说也许是噪音。A. must一定,表示肯定推测;B. should应该;C. may也许,可能;D. would将会,表示对

36、将来的推测。分析句子可知,此处应该表示可能的推测,“美丽的歌曲,有时候,对别人来说也许是噪音。”。结合选项,故选C。26Mr. Smith is almost on time for everything. How _ it be that he was late for the meeting?AcanBshouldCmayDmust【答案】A【解析】【详解】考查情态动词辨析。句意:史密斯先生几乎任何事情都是准时的。他怎么可能开会迟到了? A. can可能,可能性,表示可能性时,常用于否定句和疑问句中,且有时还带有“惊奇、不相信” 等感情色彩。B. should 应该; C. may也许,表

37、示可能性时常用于肯定句中,不用于疑问句中。D.must常用于肯定句中表推测,“一定”的意思;本题是强调句型的一个变式:强调其特殊疑问句how的形式。根据前句“斯密斯先生几乎是很准时”可推测出“怎么可能开会迟到呢?”。根据句意可知,用于疑问句中的“可能性”且有不相信的色彩,四个选项只有“can”符合题意。故选A【点睛】情态动词就是表示说话者对事情的一种看法,也就是一种语气。情态动词的用法一直是命题者常设置的考点和重点,平时要加强记忆。27He _ writing the paper now. He hadnt written a single word when I left him ten m

38、inutes ago.Ashouldnt beBcant have finishedCcant beDmustnt have finished【答案】B【解析】【详解】考查推测句。句意:他现在不可能写完了卷子。我十分钟之前留下他时,他还没有写一个字。根据句意可知,此处考查对过去情况的否定推测,其表达为cant have done不可能做某事,故选B项。【点睛】本题考查推测句对过去情况的肯定推测是must have done对过去情况的否定推测是cant/couldnt have done例如:The ground is wet, so it must have rained last nigh

39、t.He cant have finished his work, because he played basketball all day yesterday.28The principal in our school has recently passed a rule that students _ wear school uniforms in our campus.AmayBshouldCwillDshall【答案】D【解析】【详解】考查情态动词。句意:我们学校的校长最近通过了一项规定,要求学生在校园里穿校服。分析句子可知,“that students _ wear school u

40、niforms in our campus.”是同位语从句对名词“rule”内容解释说明。当表示强制,用于法令、条约、规章中,意为“必须,应该”等时句子用情态动词shall。故选D。【点睛】情态动词shall的用法:1、在主语是第一、三人称的疑问句中征求对方意见:要不要?好吗?如:Shall we go?该走了吧?2、用于二、三人称,在陈述句中表示说话者给对方的承诺、决心、警告、威胁等。如:You shall borrow the book。你可以借这本书。3、表示强制,用于法令、条约、规章中,意为“必须,应该”。例如本小题,分析句子可知,“that students _ wear schoo

41、l uniforms in our campus.”是同位语从句对名词“rule”内容解释说明。当表示强制,用于法令、条约、规章中,意为“必须,应该”等时句子用情态动词shall。故选D。29AI will surely be a feature of future life, but it _ be used responsibly and in a proper way.AcanBneedCmustDwill【答案】C【解析】【详解】考查情态动词。句意:人工智能肯定会成为未来生活的一个特征,但必须以负责任的方式和适当的方式使用它。A. can能够;B. need需要;C. must必须;D

42、. will将会。此处为情态动词的一般用法,结合句意表示“必须”,故选C。30- Did Jim come?- I dont know. He _ while I was out.Amight have comeBmight comeCmust have comeDshould have come【答案】A【解析】【详解】考查情态动词推测用法。句意:Jim来了吗?-我不知道,在我不在的时候,可能来过。根据前文I dont know.可知,说话者不知道Jim来没来,因此后文推测来过,但是语气很不确定,故可知选A。对过去情况的推测 为情态动词+have done,must have done 一定

43、做了某事,should have done 应该来过,不符合,故选A。【点睛】情态动词+have+过去分词的用法,表示推测或判断过去的情况。can/could+have+过去分词用法:多用于否定句和疑问句中。表示对过去某事发生的可能性的否定或质疑,意为:不可能(已经).了-(否定句)/可能(已经).了嘛?-(疑问句)用于肯定句中。表示对过去没有做某事的遗憾,含有轻微的责备,意为:本来可以.的(但实际上没有.)。You could have done better, but you were too careless.(肯定句。他能做得更好的)should/ought to+have+过去分词用

44、法:用于肯定句中。表示对过去没有做某事的遗憾,含有责备的意思,意为:本来应该.的(但实际上没有.)。用于否定句中-表示对过去已经做了某事的责备,意为:本来不应该.的(但实际上已经.了)。He should have been asleep.(肯定句,他本应去睡觉的)He shouldnt have been asleep.(否定句,他本来不应该去睡觉的)。may/might+have+过去分词用法:用于肯定句和否定句中,表示对过去发生某事的可能性的推测,意为:或许(已经)./或许还没有.。It is too late. He may have gone to bed.must+have+过去分

45、词用法:表示对过去发生的事情十分肯定的推测。must表示推测时,不能用在否定句和疑问句中。I must have forgotten to tell you.(must 的引入,表达了说话者对过去忘记告诉你的这件事肯定推测)neednt+have+过去分词用法:表示对过去已经做了某事的后悔,意为:本来可以不必.的(可实际上却已经.)You neednt have taken a taxi here, for it was very near to my home.31-Hi, Johnson, any idea where Susan is?-It is class time, so she _ in the classroom now.Acan beBmust have beenCmight have beenDshould be【答案】D【解析】考查情态动词的用法。A. can be可能,可以是;B. must have been一定(对过去事实肯定的推测);C. might have been可能(对过去事实肯定的推测);D. should be应该是。句意:知道苏珊在哪里吗?

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