1、Solving problems&seeking happinessUNIT 4Unit 4 Solving problems&seeking happinessOpening upListening to the worldSpeaking for communicationFurther practice in listeningWrapping upLearning objectivesFun timetalk about social issues1identify supporting details in listening2support a viewpoint in speak
2、ing3learn how to conduct a happiness survey4make an impromptu speech5Learning objectives 人们收入很低的时候，对幸福的满意度也很低。身无分文的人对于幸福的满意度几乎为零。在0.25之前，幸福与金钱是正比关系，到了0.25以后，相关性就越来越小，直到最后两者基本上没有什么相关了。这一现象在经济学中被称作“金钱的边际效应递减”。金钱心理学 1Work in pairs.Complete the table with the social issues.Opening up Categories Social I
3、ssuesMoneyHealthEnvironmentFamilypoverty,homelessness,famine,debtpollution,poverty,famine,drug abuse,obesity,lack of drinking waterpollution,famine,drought,flood,lack of drinking waterhomelessness,divorce,debt,domestic violence 1Then discuss which category of issues is more harmful to society and wh
4、y.Opening upIn my opinion,the environment issues can be more harmful to society.Water and air pollution affects the health of humans,animals and plants,resulting in cancer,death,birth defects,severe genetic change,etc.Climate change or global warming can cause more drought and flood,permanently chan
5、ging the land and water supply that humans depend on for life.Our food supply would also be in danger because of environmental problems,causing various other social issues.SharingListeningViewingListening to the world1 Watch a podcast for its general idea.In this podcast,people are interviewed about
6、 whether they think money makes them happy,what things are more important to them than money,and whether wealthy people should be taxed more to support the poor.Listening to the world2Watch Part 1 and answer the questions.1 What does Val do?She is a producer for the BBC.2 How does she feel about liv
7、ing in London?She likes living in London,but it can be quite expensive.3 What is she going to talk to people about?Money and happiness.Listening to the world3Watch Part 2 and match the statements.1 2 3 4 5 Listening to the world6 7 4 Watch Part 3 and fill in the blanks.1)brighten your mood2)a nurtur
8、ing environment3)a stable family4)health5)Feel contentment6)makes the difference7)feeling satisfied withListening to the world5 Watch Part 4 and check the true statements.Listening to the world 1 2(He believes in a progressive system of taxation,which means he thinks that tax should be related to a
9、persons income.)3(She thinks that poor people need an extra push and some extra money to get ahead,which means she thinks that poor people need help from the rich.)4(He agrees that rich people should be taxed more to help the poor.)56Work in pairs and discuss the questions.Listening to the world1.Wh
10、at do you think is the relationship between money and happiness?In my opinion,money doesnt necessarily bring happiness.There are lots of rich people in the world who live unhappy lives.Happiness is just a state of mind,and it mainly depends on how you look at people and things.However,having money s
11、ometimes does make us feel a little happier because it can help us to gain what we want more easily.SharingListeningViewingListening to the world6Work in pairs and discuss the questions.Listening to the world2.What is the happiest thing that has happened to you recently?The happiest thing that has h
12、appened to me recently is that I met my best friend.She was in another city,and we hadnt seen each other for two years.Last month,when we finally met,we chatted so much and shared a lot of our lives.So,that is the happiest moment I have had recently.1Match the pictures to the types of surveillance t
13、echnology.BEFORE you listenListening to the world1 phone camera2 speed camera3 CCTV camera 4 microchip5 street level camera 6 number plate recognitionListening skillsAdditional NotesIdentifying supporting details Supporting details provide materials that explain,defend,or illustrate the speakers ide
14、a.They help us understand or remember the speakers idea better.The common methods we can use to identify supporting details include:Listening to the worldListening skillsAdditional Notes1 Be alert to clue words or expressions that indicate a list of supporting details.For example:lThree reasons why
15、students did not score high on this test are as follows.lThere are several ways to make learning English a little bit easier.lThe signs and symptoms of depression include.lTo get a good grade in the writing course,firstly;Secondly,Thirdly,.When we hear the underlined phrases above,we can know that t
16、he speaker is going to provide related supporting details.Listening to the worldListening skillsAdditional Notes2 Use related signal words or expressions to identify different types of supporting details ranging from reasons and examples to facts,quotes and statistics.1)Listen for reasons.When we he
17、ar signal words or expressions such as because,since,for,due to,or owing to,we can know what comes next will be supporting details.2)Listen for examples.Examples are another type of important supporting details.We can use signal words or expressions like for example,for instance,lets take a look at.
18、,or there was a case recently.Listening to the worldListening skillsAdditional Notes3)Listen for facts.Facts refer to something that is known to exist or to have happened.In this type of supporting materials,Time signal words such as recently,now,last month,or last year are often used.4)Listen for q
19、uotes or/and statistics.Quotes and statistics are also common and effective supporting details.When speakers quote,they may use phrases like The study shows that.,According to.,etc.Listening to the worldListening skillsAdditional Notes3 Use other cues,such as repetition,pause,stress,or a change in t
20、he speakers tone of voice,to indicate that what follows will support the main idea.One thing we should be aware is that not every detail is introduced by a signal word or other clues.Because of this,we should always pay attention to the sentences that the speakers say right after they express their
21、opinions because this is usually where the speakers give the supporting details.Listening to the world2Listen and match each speaker to the type(s)of surveillance technology he/she is talking about.Speaker 1:e.street level cameras Speaker 2:a.number plate recognition f.speed camerasSpeaker 3:b.micro
22、chips Speaker 4:c.CCTV camerasSpeaker 5:d.phone cameras Listening to the worldWHILE you listen3Listen and complete the table.Listening to the worldWHILE you listenSpeakers For()or against(X)Supporting details 1 For her,its great because it means she can go and look at things like 1)_ before she goes
23、 on holiday.hotels or even citiesListening to the worldSpeakers For()or against(X)Supporting details 2 lTheyre just used by the government to 2)_.lIn the last year,four cameras have been placed in his area,but the number of accidents 3)_.lHe also hates being watched and being kept track of 4)_.3Its
24、an invasion of privacy,e.g.people shouldnt have the right to know5)_ and shouldnt send 6)_ to her.make money has doubled wherever he goes X X what kind of food she eats junk mail or adverts Listening to the worldSpeakers For()or against(X)Supporting details 4 lThe cameras helped the police to find t
25、he two men who 7)_ him a few months ago.lNews reports show that 8)_ are being solved because of the cameras.lLaw-abiding citizens 9)_.5A recent case showed that everyone has to 10)_,in case their pictures might be 11)_ or 12)_.robbed more crimes have no need to worry be more careful sent to the news
26、papers posted online 4 Read and discuss the questions.After you listenListening to the world1 Which of the police plans do you think would be most useful for cutting crime?I think Plan 1)would be most useful for cutting crime.If the whole town is installed with CCTV cameras,some potential criminals
27、may be discouraged from committing crimes,and if crimes do happen,the police can rely on CCTV cameras to get evidence and find the suspect(s).As for the other plans,I dont think Plan 2)would be very useful,and I really doubt Plans 3)and 4)can be easily carried out.4 Read and discuss the questions.Af
28、ter you listenListening to the world2 How do you think the following groups of people would feel about the plans:the police,local residents,parents,and teenagers?The police would think that these measures can help them cut crime.Local residents may feel happy about the first two plans.Parents may ho
29、ld the same opinions as the local residents about the first three plans,but they may also warmly welcome the last plan.Teenagers will certainly hate the last plan,I guess,though they may not care about the other three.SharingListeningViewingListening to the world 1 Read the program information below
30、 and answer the questions.BEFORE you view 1 Do you agree that people are feeling less happy than before?Why or why not?Listening to the world Yes,I totally agree that people are feeling less happy now than before though their living standards have improved greatly.The main reason is that people now
31、have to face more pressure,and cope with the fast-paced modern life.As a result,they feel anxious all the time and have no mood to enjoy life.No,I dont quite agree.To me,whether people feel happier or not depends on what age they are.1 Read the program information below and answer the questions.BEFO
32、RE you view2 Do you feel that nowadays it is hard for you to feel happy?Why or why not?Listening to the world Yes.Probably this is because as I grow older,I dont get excited easily anymore.When we were little,happiness could be something simple and easy,but now its hard for us to have this feeling,a
33、nd we often ignore a lot of good things in our life.No.Im a very cheerful and optimistic person.Even if I fail to do something,I always choose to see the bright side.To me,there is no point being unhappy.It will only make things worse.2 Watch the video and choose the best answer to each question.WHI
34、LE you viewListening to the world1 What does the science of happiness say?D We should change our style of living.2 What does the first interviewee want to tell us?B Wealth and happiness are not in direct proportion.3 What does Mark Easton mean by“We are stuck on a treadmill”?A We try hard to get hap
35、piness but fail.4 What assumption should be re-examined?C Consumer goods can fulfill our various needs.5 What message is implied by the video clip?D Our attitude toward wealth needs to change.3 Then watch the video and fill in the blanks.1)rethink everything2)Give it up3)Transform4)standard of livin
36、g5)Diminished 6)commute further Listening to the worldWHILE you view7)the opposite8)slow down9)take more leisure 10)economic growth 11)consumer goods12)material possessions 4 Discuss the questions.AFTER you view1 What do you think stops people from being happier as they become wealthier?I think as p
37、eople become wealthier,they also become more demanding and eager,and they tend to lose their appreciation of happiness.They may just pursue material satisfaction brought by wealth.However,there is no end to such material pursuits.How can they be happy with such a state of mind?Listening to the world
38、4 Discuss the questions.AFTER you view2 What do you think people can do to make themselves happier?To make themselves happier,people should have a correct attitude toward money.They should realize that money is not everything.There are so many things in life that cant be bought by money,such as frie
39、ndship and love.They should learn to feel content with what they have.If they can do this,I think they will feel happier than they are now.Listening to the world1Listen and complete the table.Speaking for communication1)3)dangerous5)For7)Downloading music for free9)theft 11)without paying13)For15)fi
40、le sharing2)Against4)frozen solid 6)health8)Against10)stealing from them12)make any money14)CD sales16)concertsMans opinionsWoman s opinionsConversation 1Topic:1)_Attitude:2)_Reasons:It can be quite 3)_,e.g.Mikes girlfriend had some Botox injections,and her face became 4)_.Attitude:5)_Reasons:It is
41、OK for 6)_ reasons,e.g.ifoverweight.1Listen and complete the table.Speaking for communicationCosmetic surgery Againstdangerousfrozen solid ForhealthMans opinionsWoman s opinionsConversation 2Topic:7)_Attitude:8)_Reasons:Its just 9)_.Artists have copyright on their songs,so its like 10)_.If people sh
42、are the music11)_,how can musicians 12)_?Worried about being found out.Attitude:13)_Reasons:Artists make little money from 14)_.They want people to hear their music.For newer groups,15)_ is the way they get known.Singers and groups make most of their money from 16)_.1Listen and complete the table.Sp
43、eaking for communicationDownloading music for freetheft without payingfile sharingForAgainststealing from themmake any moneyCD salesconcerts1Listen and complete the table.Speaking for communicationMans opinionsWoman s opinionsConversation 3Topic:17)_Attitude:18)_Reasons:Buses are more 19)_.A trial s
44、howed that there was 20)_ almost 10 percent.The town center works 21)_ as it is.Attitude:22)_Reasons:Itd be really good for 23)_.Buses will be replaced with 24)_ or something like that.The center is clogged up and 25)_.Banning cars from city centerpolluting than cars perfectly fine the environment p
45、ollutedAgainst a reduction in shop sales Forelectric buses 2Listen again and choose the expressions you hear.1 Take the case of 2 In particular 3 such as 4 its a well-known fact that 5 Despite the fact that 6 like 7 For instance,8 In the same way 9 its been shown that 10 According to Speaking for co
46、mmunicationAdditional TipsSupporting your viewpoint There are three basic methods you can use to support your viewpoint:Giving examples Vivid and concrete examples often have strong impact on listeners belief.When you give examples to support your viewpoint,you often use some words or expressions to
47、 signal them.For example:lTake the case of Mikes girlfriend,l.some kind of surgery,you know,such as liposuction to get rid of fat?lFor instance,what about that woman in America?Speaking skillsSpeaking for communicationAdditional TipsStating facts Facts are a powerful means of convincing others.They
48、can come from our reading,observation,or personal experience.In the three conversations you have just heard,you can find the use of this method through the following expressions and example sentences:lBut its a well-known fact that musicians get very little money from CD sales anyway.l.its been show
49、n that buses are more polluting than cars.Speaking skillsSpeaking for communicationAdditional TipsQuoting other people There are two types of quoting methods:lQuoting directly means you present a sources idea word for word.It is often used when the quotations are brief,or when they convey your meani
50、ng better than you can.lQuoting indirectly means you restate or summarize a sources idea in your own words.It is often used when the wording of a quotation is obscure,or when a quotation is too long.Speaking skillsSpeaking for communication4Role-play the situations.Situation 1Talking about violence
