1、模块十二：感叹句一、什么叫感叹句感叹句是表示喜怒哀乐等强烈感情的句子。感叹句句末通常用感叹号，读时一般用降调。二、感叹句的基本句型【句型一】What + (a / an) + 形容词 + 名词 + 主语 + 谓语！What a clever boy he is! (他是个)多么聪明的男孩啊！What an interesting story it is! (这是个)多么有趣的故事啊！What fine weather it is! 多好的天气啊！What beautiful flowers they are! (它们是)多么漂亮的花啊！【说明】 在感叹句中，What a / an 常用来修饰单
2、数可数名词，若其前面的形容词为元音开头，则用 an。what 是用来修饰复数可数名词和不可数名词。但有些不可数名词，如 rain, surprise, breakfast, lunch 等，当前面有形容词修饰，使抽象名词具体化时，则要用 what a / an，如：What a heavy rain it is! 多大的一场雨啊！What a great surprise it is! 这多么令人惊奇啊！What a rich breakfast it is! 多么丰盛的一顿早餐啊！【句型二】How + 形容词 / 副词 + 主语 + 谓语！How well you look! 你气色真好!H
3、ow kind you are! 你心肠真好!How beautifully you sing! 你唱得真好听!Strawberries! How nice! 草莓! 多好呀!How clever the boy is! 这个男孩多么聪明啊！How fast he runs! 他跑得多么快啊！【说明】how还可以修饰动词构成感叹句，但动词不提前。如：How I want to be a doctor! 我多么想成为一名医生啊！How she dances! 她跳得多好啊！感叹句型总结How +形容词+ a +名词+其他成分！How+形容词或副词+其他成分！What +名词+其他成分！What
4、+a+形容词+名词+其他成分！What + 形容词+复数名词+其他成分！What + 形容词+不可数名词+其他成分！请看以下例子：Its an interesting film. 这是一部有趣的电影。What an interesting film it is! 这是一部多有趣的电影啊！Its wonderful weather. 天气很好。What wonderful weather! 天气真好！He did the work carefully. 他做这工作很仔细。How carefully he did the work! 他做这工作多仔细啊！Time passed quickly. 时
5、间过得很快。How quickly time passed! 时间过得真快【难点】what类感叹句省略形容词1. 当其中的名词带有形容词的意味时【重点】What luck! 真幸运! What fools! 真是些笨蛋! What a surprise! 真是意想不到! What fun we could have! 我们玩得多开心啊2. 当进行批评时What nonsense! 一派胡言!What a shame! 多可耻(惜)!What a mess! 多么脏乱啊!3. 当表示强调或夸张时Oh, what a lie! 啊，多大的谎言!What a night! 多糟糕的一个晚上！4. 当
6、表示蔑视时What a man he is! 那家伙算什么!注：有时在没有上下文，意思可能不确定。如：What a day! 看这天气! (是褒是贬，视具体情况而定) 【难点】how在感叹句中修饰动词感叹句有时可用“how+主语+动词”构成，此是how直接用于修饰动词。如：How I missed you. 我多么想念你啊。How youve grown! 你都长这么大啦!How youve changed! 你的变化真大! How he wished for a drink! 他多希望能有点东西喝!How things get around! Everyone must know you a
7、re in town. 消息传得多快!人们一定都知道你到城里来了 三、注意 （1）要修饰名词的形容词不能是表数量的many， much， little， few，遇此情况要用how，即使它们后面跟有名词： How many books he has！ 他的书真多！ How much money he gave her！ 他给了她好多钱呀！ How little money I have！ 我的钱多么少呀！ How few friends he has！ 他的朋友真少！ 比较：What a little box it is！ 多小巧的盒子呀！（该little不表示数量）（2）有时句中的主语和谓语
8、可以省略： How fast！ 多快呀！ How nice！ 多好呀！ How beautiful！ 多美呀！ How nice of you to come！ 你来了真好！ 四. 其他形式的感叹句 感叹句除用what和how引出外，还可有其他许多形式，如可用陈述句、疑问句、祈使句等，有时甚至一个单词或一个短语也可用作感叹句： Stop talking！ 不要讲话了！ Isnt it a lovely day！ 天气真好！ The garden looks so lovely today！ 这花园今天真美！ Fire！ 失火了！Very good！ 很好!There was no face s
9、howing!Hes such a nice boy!The Great Wall is a magnificent building!Isnt it snowing heavily!Wonderful!Nonsense!Happy New Year to you!Cheer! 注意陈述句用作感叹句时，句中通常有so， such， really等加强语气的词语；疑问句用作感叹句，句子多为否定疑问句形式。五、感叹句巧解五法 （1）一找二断三辨四确定：构成感叹句的感叹词有两个：what和how，其基本结构是：1）What名词陈述肯定式：2）How形容词（或副词）陈述肯定式很多初学者常常对该用wha
10、t还是该用how弄不清楚。如：_cold water this is！AHow BWhat_cold it is！AWhat BHow如果我们采取“一找二断三辨四确定”的方法很快就能确定该选哪个感叹词。“一找”即先找出句中的主语。“二断”就是在句中的名词（形容词、副词等）与代词（或名词）之间断开。例如上面第一句应在water与this中断开（因this是指示代词），断开后辨别断线前面的词的词性，也就是所谓“三辨”，句中断线前的词是water，而water是名词。第四步，就可迅速确定如果是名词就选what。所以第一例句就选B。用这个方法我们会对上面第二个例句作出如下判断：_coldit is！断
11、开线其前cold是形容词，故应填How。上面两个例句是最基本最简单的填空题形式。但只要掌握这个方法，即使再复杂的填空题也会迎刃而解。不过还要注意，如果断开后，断线前的那个中心词是单数可数名词，千万别忘了在感叹词与名词间加冠词a（an）。例如：_nice present it is！AHow BWhatCHow DWhat a用上述方法，从present与it之间断开，断线前present是名词，且为单数可数名词，nice又以辅音开头，故选D。（2）“断找去添改”五步法：若把一个陈述句变为感叹句，可以采取这“五步法”。如：The picture is very beautiful断：在陈述句中的
12、谓语动词后将句子断开：The picture isvery beautiful找：划出断线后的中心词是何词类。去：中心词是形容词或副词时，要把修饰该形容词或副词的词去掉。（比如本句中心词beautiful是形容词，修饰该词的是very，变时应去掉very。但须注意，线后如果是名词，名词前的修饰语是万万不能去掉的。添：就是添上感叹词。如果线后的中心词是名词，就添What；是形容词或副词就添How。改：将陈述句句前的大写改为小写，将变为感叹句的感叹词及其修饰的名词部分放在句首，感叹词首写字母改为大写。同时句尾的标点由陈述句的句号改为感叹句的感叹号。据此，上句就变成了：How beautiful t
13、he picture is！再如：要把“He is a good student”变成感叹句，可如上法炮制：He isa good student中心词是名词student，a good为修饰student的修饰语，不能去掉，故变成感叹句应选感叹词what，变成：What a good student he is！（3）一断二加三换位：例：1）This is a beautiful flower2）This flower is beautiful“一断”：在谓语动词后将此句划断。1）This isa beautiful flower2）This flower isbeautiful“二加”：在
14、第二部分前加引起感叹句的“What或How”；中心词为名词时加“What”；是形容词、副词加“How”。1）What a beautiful flower2）How beautiful“三换位”：将第一部分与第二部分对换位置。1）What a beautiful flower this is！2）How beautiful this flower is！（4）句型记忆法：因how和what的词性及其在句中的功能不同，由它们引起的感叹句句型可归纳为7种。如果记住这7种句套子，做任何感叹句题都易如反掌。例：从题前A、B、C、D所表示的词或短语中选择正确答案，完成下列各句：A=What B=What
15、 a C=What an D=How_pleasant surprise you gave me！_good news we have got！_good a TV set weye bought！_unpleasant experience you had last year！对了，答案依次为BADC。（5）歌诀记忆法：感叹句中what和how的选用，关键看形容词后面是否有名词。如果有，用what（a，an）；如果没有，用how（至于副词，其前永远用how）。记住下面歌诀更方便。what，how如何选？ 先在后面把名词找，若有名词用what， 若无名词必用how。what，how提句首， 其
16、它紧跟别忘了。主谓一起挪最后, 常常可以被省掉。【基础练习】一将下列句子变成感叹句 1. It is quite a nice present. _ _ nice present! 2. We have fine weather today. _ _ weather we have today! 3. Its sunny today. _ _ sunny day it is today! 4. The children are working hard. _ _ the children are working! 5. She played basketball wonderfully. _
17、_ she played basketball! 6. He is good at singing. _ _ he sings! 7. He was doing well in dancing. _ a _ dancer he was! 8. Tom coughs badly. _ _ _ cough Tom has! 9. The fish is very lovely. _ _ the fish is! 10. They live a happy life today. _ _ _ life they live!二选择合适选项1. _ a nice watch it is! A. How
18、B. What C. What a D. How a 2. _ bright girls they are! A. What B. What a C. How D. how a 3. _ interesting the film is! A. What B. What an C. How 4. _ sunny day! Lets go out for a walk. A. How a B. How C. What a D. What 5. _ hard work it is! A. How B. What C. What a D. What an 6. _ day it is! Its rai
19、ny again. A. How bad B. What a bad C. How fine D. What a fine 7. _ great day July 1,1997 will be! A. How a B. What a C. How D. What 8. _ expensive trousers! A. What B. What a C. How D. What an 9. _ girl she is! A. What bright a B. How a bright C. How bright a D. What bright 10. _ weather we have tod
20、ay! A. A fine B. What a fine C. How a fine D. What fine 11. _ careless he is! A. What B. How C. So much D. How much 12. _ from Beijing to London! A. How long way it is B. What a long way is it C. How long way is it D. What a long way it is 13. Oh, John, _ you gave us! A. How a pleasant surprise B. H
21、ow pleasant surprise C. What a pleasant surprise D. What pleasant surprise 14. _ useful work they have done! A. What B. How C. What a D. What an 15. _ nice picture you gave me! A. How B. What C. What a D. What an三、用What或How填空：1. a big tree it is! 2. big the tree is!3. beautiful pictures!4. beautiful
22、 the pictures are!5. high the building is!6. big eyes she has!7. lovely the ice-cream is!8. lovely ice-cream!答案：1. What 2. How 3. What 4. How 5. How 6. What 7. How 8. What 【中等题】一、选择题1. _ a nice watch it is!A. How B. What C. What a D. How a2. _ bright girls they are!A. What B. What a C. How D. how a3
23、. _ interesting the film is!A. What B. What an C. How D. How an4. _ sunny day! Lets go out for a walk.A. How a B. How C. What a D. What5. _ hard work it is!A. How B. What C. What a D. What an6. _ day it is! Its rainy again. A. How bad B. What a bad C. How fine D. What a fine7. _ great day July 1,199
24、7 will be! A. How a B. What a C. How D. What8. _ expensive trousers!A. What B. What a C. How D. What an9. Please _, theyre having a meeting.A. not be so noisy B. Be quite C. mustnt talk D. no speaking10. _ to meet me at the station. Ill be waiting there.A. Not to forget B. Not forget C. Forget not D
25、. Dont forget 11. _ girl she is!A. What bright a B. How a bright C. How bright a D. What bright12. _ weather we have today!A. A fine B. What a fine C. How a fine D. What fine13. _ careless he is！A. What B. How C. So much D. How much14. Oh, John, _ you gave us!A. How a pleasant surprise B. How pleasa
26、nt surpriseC. What a pleasant surprise D. What pleasant surprise15. _ useful work they have done!A. What B. How C. What a D. What an16. _ nice picture you gave me!A. How B. What C. What a D. What an二、填空题 l. _ hot the weather is! 2. _ hard he works! 3. _ nice tea it is! 4 ._ big horses they are! 5. _
27、 a good boy he is! 【提高题】一、选择最佳答案填空1. _ carefully the boy does his homework!A. How B. How anC. WhatD. What an2. _ well you sing but _ badly he dances!A. How, howB. What, whatC. How, whatD. What, how3. _ cheap these clothes are! Id like to buy some for my son.A. How B. How anC. WhatD. What an 4. _ foo
28、ls they were! They believed what the girls said. A. How B. How anC. WhatD. What an5. _ difficult questions they are! I cant answer them.A. How B. How anC. WhatD. What an6. I miss you very much. _ I want to see you!A. How B. How anC. WhatD. What an7. Oh, _ mistake youve made! Its too bad.A. How B. Ho
29、w aC. WhatD. What a8. _ lovely weather we are having these days!A. How B. How anC. WhatD. What an9. _ delicious your supper is!A. How B. How anC. WhatD. What an10. _ interesting work it is to teach children! A. How B. How anC. WhatD. What an二、根据所给句子填空，使填空句变为相应的感叹句：1. The old man walked very slowly._
30、 _ the old man walked!2. The film is very wonderful._ _ the film is!3. Our school looks very beaufiful in spring._ _ our schools looks in spring!4. It is a very useful dictionary._ _ _ dicitonary it is!_ _ _ dictionary is!5. The students are listening very carefully._ _ the students are listening!6.
31、 Kitty is a good swimmer._ _ Ketty swims!【参考答案】一、1.5. AAACC6.10. ABCAC二、1. How, slowly2. How, wonderful3. How, beautiful4. What, a, useful / How, beautiful, the5. How, carefully 6. How well中考真题1、The little boy saved his classmates in the earthquake. _brave he was! （09） A)What B)How C)What a D)What an13 / 13
