1、(英语)英语试卷英语定语从句题分类汇编及解析一、定语从句1The lady spoke to me in the shop is my aunt.AWhichBwhoCwhereDWhat【答案】B【解析】试题分析:句意:在商店与我说话的那位女士是我的姑姑。A. Which哪一个;B. who 谁;C. where 在哪; D. What什么。The lady为先行词,指人,引导词用who或that,故答案为B。考点: 考查定语从句的引导词。2The TV play is about a true story _ happened in Lijiang in 1998.AitBwhatCtha
2、tDwhen【答案】C【解析】【详解】句意:这部电视剧讲的是1998年发生在丽江的一个真实故事。考查定语从句引导词。it和what不可引导定语从句,可排除AB两项。when用于先行词指时间时;that多指物,有时也指人,在定语从句中作主语或宾语。本句story是物,引导词在从句中做主语,需用连接代词that;根据句意结构,可知选C。3When we speak of culture, we mean a way of life_ a group of people have in common.AwhatBwhoCwhereDthat【答案】D【解析】【详解】句意:当我们说起文化的时候,我们指
3、的是一群人共同拥有的生活方式。考查定语从句的引导词。根据句意:当我们说起文化的时候,我们指的是一群人共同拥有的生活方式。逗号后面的句中是含有定语从句的复合句,先行词是 life,表示“物”,用引导词 that,在从句中做宾语。what 不能引导定语从句。先行词是“人”,引导词常用 who。where 在定语从句中做地点状语。故选D。【点睛】引导定语从句的关联词包括关系代词和关系副词。关系代词有that, which, whose, who, whom, as;关系副词有when, where, why。关系代词和关系副词在定语从句中都充当一定的句法成份。关系代词在从句中充当动词的宾语时一般可以
4、省略。4The girl _ an English song in the next room is Toms sister.Awho is singingBis singingCsangDwas singing【答案】A【解析】【详解】句意:正在隔壁房间唱英文歌曲的女孩是汤姆的姐姐。这里使用了定语从句,先行词是the girl,定语从句中缺少主语,用who或that引导定语从句,故选A。5-Have you found the information about the famous people _ you can use for the report? -Not yet. Ill sea
5、rch some on the Internet.AwhoBwhatCwhomDwhich【答案】D【解析】【详解】句意:你有没有找到一些能够用于报告的名人的信息?还没有。我将在网上搜索一些。考查定语从句。本句先行词information是物,在定语从句中作宾语,故用关系代词which或that引导定语从句,所以选D。6This is the book tells many English stories.AwhatBwhichCwho【答案】B【解析】试题分析:句意:这是那本讲诉很多英语故事的书。此处定语从句修饰先行词book, 故排除what和who,此处关系代词which在定语从句中作主
6、语。故选B。【考点定位】考查定语从句的用法。7This is one of the most interesting cities I have ever visited.AwhoBthatCwhichDwhere【答案】B【解析】试题分析:句意:这是我曾经参观的最有趣的城市之一。这里是定语从句,先行词是cities,定语从句中缺少宾语,当先行词有最高级修饰的时候用关系词that,故选B。考点:考查定语从句,。8Mr.Brown is a teacher is strict with all is students.AwhichBwhoCwhere【答案】B【解析】【详解】句意“布朗是一个对所
7、有的学生都严格的老师”。本题考查定语从句。A.指物,在从句中作主语或宾语;B.指人,在从句中作主语或宾语;C.表示地方,在从句中作地点状语。本句话中先行词为a teacher,指人,在从句中作主语,故选B。【点睛】做定语从句的题时,可先将先行词还原到句中。其次选择关系词,要先看先行词指人、指物还是既指人又指物。二要看从句中做何种成分,从而做出正确的判断。9Sitting down after a walk is relaxing. But would you like to sit on a seat_tell you your weight?A/BwhoCwhomDthat【答案】D【解析】
8、【详解】句意:散步后坐下来很令人放松。但是你愿意坐在一个能告诉你体重的座位上吗?考查关系词辨析。本句是定语从句,who和whom用于先行词是人时,前者多做主语(也可做宾语),后者只做宾语;that指人或物,可省略。本句先行词seat是物,可排除BD两项;引导词做从句的主语,that不可省略,故选D。10A true friend is a person _ reaches for your hand and touches your heart.AwhomBwhoseCwhoDwhich【答案】C【解析】【详解】句意:真正的朋友是一个帮助你并且让你感动的人。考查定语从句的关系词。本句中先行词
9、person为定语从句的逻辑主语,且指人,所以引导定语从句的关系代词用that或者who;结合句意和选项可知选C。【点睛】在定语从句中,当先行词是人时,引导词在定语从句中做主语时,引导定语从句的先行词用that或who,引导词在定语从句中做宾语时,引导定语从句的先行词用that或whom,引导词前面有介词时,必须用介词whom。例如,(1) The girl who is singing an English song in the next room is Toms sister. (2)The person that/whom you talked to just now is Toms
10、father.=The person to whom you talked just now is Toms father.在定语从句中,当先行词是物时,引导词在定语从句中做主语时,引导定语从句的先行词用that或which,引导词在定语从句中做宾语时,引导定语从句的先行词用that或which,引导词前面有介词时,必须用介词which。例如,He was reading a book which/that was about war. 他正在读一本关于战争的书。 在定语从句中,当先行词和后面的名词是所属关系时,用whose引导此定语从句。例如,They lives in a room who
11、se window opens to the south. 他们住在一间窗户朝南开的房间里。11 The dog _ played with you just now is _.Awhich; mineBwhich; myCwhat; mineDwhat; my【答案】A【解析】【详解】句意:刚才和你一起玩的那条狗是我的。Which哪一个;what什么;mine名词性物主代词,我的;my形容词性物主代词,我的。形容词性物主代词在句只用作定语;名词性物主代词则不能用作定语,但可以用作主语、宾语、表语、连用of作定语。先行词dog在定语从句中作主语可用关系代词which代替。所以选A。12They
12、 want to develop a kind of dog-friendly food _ will help dog owners cool down their pets.AwhoBwhatCwhichDwhether【答案】C【解析】考查定语从句的引导词。句意“他们想研制一种对狗有好处的狗粮,这种狗粮会帮助狗的主人安定他们的宠物。”先行词food指物,排除who;what不能引导定语从句;which指物。故选C。13Lily doesnt know _ she and her friends can do to help the little boy _ parents have le
13、ft their hometown for making money.Athat; whoseBhow; whoCwhat; whoDwhat; whose【答案】D【解析】that引导宾语从句一般不充当句子成分,只起连接作用;how引导宾语从句,一般做方式状语;what引导宾语从句,做从句的逻辑主语或者宾语。句意:莉莉不知道她和她的朋友们能做什么来帮助这个小男孩,他的父母离开家乡去挣钱了。结合语境可知前文是宾语从句,what,什么,充当宾语从句谓语动词do的逻辑宾语。下文为定语从句,the little 宾语boy和parents是逻辑上的所有关系,故引导词用whose,选D。考点:英语从句
14、14Have you found the information about famous scientists you can use for the report?AwhereBwhichCwhatDwho【答案】B【解析】句意:你找到了你在报告中可以使用的关于那些著名科学家的信息了吗?where在哪里,表示地点;which引导定语从句,先行词应该是物;what什么,不能引导定语从句;who引导定语从句,先行词是人。这里考查的是定语从句,先行词并不是空前的famous scientists,而是the information,指代的是物,故应选B。15Everyone _ has been
15、 to Shanghai says it is a modern city.AwhyBwhoseCwhoDwhich【答案】C【解析】【分析】【考点定位】:考查定语从句。【详解】试题分析:句意:去过上海的每个人都说它是一个现代化的城市。why为什么;whose谁的;who谁,可以引导定语从句,主语是人;which哪一个,可以引导定语从句,先行词指物。根据句意可知,这里考查的是定语从句,先行词是Everyone,指代人,根据句意可知选C。16Tom, could you lend me the book _ you talked about yesterday?Sure, here you ar
16、e.AwhichBwhatCwho【答案】A【解析】句意:- 汤姆,你能借给我你昨天谈到的那本书吗?-当然了,给你。A.哪个B.什么C.谁,本题考查定语从句的关系代词,you talked about yesterday 部分使用来修饰“book”的,描述这本书是“你昨天谈到的”那本书,所以是book的定语从句,先行词book在定语从句中做宾语(做talk about的宾语),故选用关系代词that/which,故选A。17When Robinson got to the island,the first thing _he did was to look for some foodAwhoB
17、whichCthatDWhat【答案】C【解析】试题分析:句意:当鲁滨逊克鲁索到达岛上时,他做的第一件事就是寻找 一些食物。本题考查定语从句。先行词指物且被序数词first修饰, 故只能选用关系词that。因此C项正确。考点:考查定语从句。18Liu Yang is the first Chinese woman astronaut_ has ever traveled in space.AwhomBwhichCwhoDwhose【答案】C【解析】试题分析:句意:刘洋是中国第一个曾经在太空旅行过的女宇航员。定语从句用来充当句中定语的结构,被修饰的名词叫先行词,此句的先行词为astronaut。
18、连接主从句的是关系词。一般的who 用于指代人的先行词,which 用来指代物的先行词,that既可指认又可指物。whom在定语从句中作宾语;whose在定语从句中作定语。此处连接词who做主语,故选C。考点:考查定语从句的连接词。19 What did you do in todays history class? We talked about the characters _ achieve fame in our Chinese history.AwhenBwhatCwhereDwho【答案】D【解析】D试题分析:句意:你们在今天的历史课上做了什么?我们谈论了在我们的中国历史上有名望的
19、人物。此句考查定语从句,先行词characters指人,故关联词用who,在从句中作主语,答案为D。考点:考查定语从句的关联词。20Whose 通常指人,也可指物,在定语从句中做定语。He has a friend whose father is a doctor. 他有一个爸爸当医生的朋友。I once lived in the house whose roof has fallen in. 我曾经住在那幢屋顶已经倒塌了的房子里。21That 指人时,相当于who 或whom;指物时,相当于which.。在定语从句中作主语或宾语,作宾语时常可省略。The number of people t
20、hat / who come to visit this city each year reaches one million. 每年来参观这座城市的人数达一百万。Where is the man that / whom I saw this morning? 我今天早上看到的那个人在哪儿?22This is the most beautiful place_I have ever visited.AwhichBthatCwhomDwho【答案】B【解析】句意:这是我参观过的最美的地方。在定语从句中,当先行词由形容词或副词最高级修饰时,从句的引导词应用that。根据语境可知应选B。23 Wha
21、t kind of movies do you like? I like the movies _ are about Chinese history.AwhoBwhomCwhoseDthat【答案】D【解析】试题分析:句意:你喜欢哪种类型的电影?我喜欢那些关于中国历史的电影。本题考查定语从句的引导词,指代movies在定语从句中作主语,用关系代词that或which,故选D。考点:考查定语从句的用法。24Why are you still here? Its time to start.Im busy searching the Internet for the photos of some
22、 famous singers _ I can use in my speech.AwhatBwhichCwhoDwhom【答案】B【解析】【详解】句意:你为什么还在这儿?时间到了。我在忙着在网上搜索一些著名歌手的照版,我可以在演讲中使用。空后是一个定语从句,先行词是the photos,指事物,用that、which引出定语从句。故选B。25The city _ I visited last year has changed a lot.Really? I hope to go there one day.AwhereBthatCwhen【答案】B【解析】句意:我去年参观的那个城市有了很大的
23、变化。真的吗?我希望有一天去那儿。这是定语从句的结构,先行词city在从句中应是宾语,所以引导词不能用副词形式,where是副词,that 代词,when副词;故选B26Is this factory _ you visited the other day?Ain whichBwhichCwhereDthe one【答案】D【解析】试题分析:句意:这个工厂是你前几天参观的那个工厂吗?我们可以先把这个句子变成陈述句:ThisFactory is _ you visited the other day.很显然这是考查定语从句,题干中缺少先行词the factory我们可用the one代替。故选D
24、。考点:考查定语从句。27Ill never forget the years I lived on the farm with the farmers.It must have a great effect on your life.AwhenBthatCwhichDin which【答案】A【解析】句意:我永远不会忘记我和农民一起在农场里生活的那些年。它一定对你的生活有很大的影响。考查定语从句。先行词the years是时间,需用when做引导词。根据句意结构,可知选A。28Stephen Hawking _ wrote A Brief History of Time(时间简史)is a
25、great British scientist.AwhoBwhichCwhat【答案】A【解析】句意:写时间简史的Stephen Hawking是一个伟大的英国科学家。这是一个定语从句,先行词是Stephen Hawking ,是一个人,所以引导词用who;故选A29I will never forget the park _ I visited last week. It is very beautiful.AwhatBwhereCwhoDwhich【答案】D【解析】句意:我永远不会忘记我上周参观拜访的公园,它很漂亮。本题I visited last week部分参与构成park的定语从句,
26、park在定语从句中做visit的宾语,所以要选用关系代词,选用that./which均可,故选D。30 I still remember the college and the teachers _ I visited in London years ago.AwhatBwhoCthatDwhich【答案】C【解析】试题分析:句意:我仍旧记得几年前去伦敦访问的大学和老师们。what一般不用于定语从句;who在定语从句中指人; that既可指人,也可指物;which指物。结合语境可知本句中先行词the college and the teachers中既有人,又有物,故只能用关系代词that,所以选C。考点:考查关系代词。