1、牛津译林版英语八年级下册被动语态总结精讲及提高训练熟记结构 被动语态的谓语结构：be +过去分词(P.P)（再次复习熟练过去分词） 具体变化为：一般现在时的被动语态：am/is/are +P.P一般过去时的被动语态：was/were +P.P一般将来时的被动语态：will/shall +be +P.P现在完成时的被动语态：have/has +been +P.P含有情态动词的被动语态：情态动词can/may/must/should + be +PP.明确用法下列情况可判断用被动语态物作主语常用被动语态e.g. Luckily his missing bike_was found_(find) y
2、esterday.句子中出现by sb. e.g. Now a lot of work can_be done_(do) by robots.动宾搭配中，动词后面的宾语提前作了主语 (如 ask/tell/invite sb. to do等)He might_be caught_(catch) in the rain yesterday.In the old days, the workers_were made_(make) to work 12 hours a day. Dont get out of the room until you_are told_(tell) to.根据句意，需
3、要用被动When you_are given_(give) something, you should say Thank you.熟练转换主动语态变被动语态的方法，分三步走：主动语态的宾语变成被动语态的主语；谓语变成“be +PP.；主语变成by后的宾语； (有时by短语可以省略)e.g. They make TV sets in that factory. (改为被动语态) （注意时态一致）TV sets are made by them in that factory.注意特例含双宾语的主动语态变成被动语态时，有两种方法：a) 将间接宾语sb.变为主语，直接宾语保持不变；b) 将直接宾语
4、sth.变为主语，间接宾语用介词to或for引导。(draw, make, buy后加for)e.g. (1) He showed us his photos taken in Beijing just now.We were shown his photos taken in Beijing just now.His photos taken in Beijing were shown to us just now (by him).e.g. (2) Her father bought her a present.She was bought a present by her father.
5、A present was bought for her by her father.make/let/ see/ hear/watch/listen to/ notice sb. do sth.改为被动时，主动中省略的to必须补上(如make sb. do sth.sb. be made to do sth,e.g. I heard the girl sing in the next room.The girl was heard to sing in the next room.动词短语的被动语态：在变为被动语态时，要将动词短语视为一个整体，不可丢掉后面的介词或副词。e.g. The nu
6、rse takes good care of the child. (被动语态)The child is taken good care of by the nurse.牢记句型课本中与被动语态相关的句型：be covered with被.覆盖be made of 由.制成(看得见原材料) be made from由.制成(看不见原材料)be made in由某地制成be made by由某人制成be used for被用来.be used as被当.使用be used to do sth.被用来做某事It is said that.据说It is reported that.据报道It is
7、 well known that. 众所周知be born.出生be made up of. .组成be filled with.充满着.注意不使用被动语态的情况连系动词如get; become; turn (变); keep(保持); feel(感到，摸起来); seem(似乎); smell; taste; sound (听起来); look (看上去); fall (asleep); stay (happy)保持; go (bad)变质; come (true)成真；不及物动词如happen; die; appear; disappear; last(持续); end; rise; co
8、st(值); grow(增长); fall(下降); change (变化); open (开放;营业); lie(位于); close (关门、打烊);下列词组或句型1.（在强调物体性能时，多用主动代替被动，如：sell well (畅销) ; wash well; grow well; write well; ride well; carry easily; drive easily.2.break down (抛锚); come out (出版、开花、冲印) ; take place(发生) .3.The child is easy/hard to take care of.4.The
9、garden needs watering.=The garden needs to be watered.Exercises:一、单项选择:1. English_ in many countries, but Chinese_their own language.A. is spoken; speaksB. speaks; is spokenC. is spoken; speakD. is spoken; is spoken2. -Did you go to Jims party? -No, I_.A.am not invitedB. wasnt invitedC.havent invite
10、dD. didnt invite3. Quite a few new laws and rules on food safety_into use last monthA. were puttingB. have been putC. were putD. put4. Great changes_ in my hometown and a lot of factories_.A. have been taken place; are being builtB. have taken place; have been builtC. are taken place; have builtD. t
11、ook place; will be built5. The cakes in the restaurant_, so they_well.A. are tasted better, are soldB. are tasted well; sellC. taste terrible; are soldD. taste nice; sell6.To make our city more beautiful, rubbish_into the river.A. neednt be thrown B. mustnt be thrownC. cant throwD. may not throw7. -
12、It has rained for nearly two weeks. Will it_long?-No. Its_well have a fine weekend. The sun will shine again.A. rain; reportB. last; reportedC. stop; reportedD. lasted; report8. I like my new bike. It_very well.A.ridesB. is ridingC. is riddenD. has ridden9.Today, the forests have almost disappeared.
13、 People must_down too many trees.A. stop to cutB. stop from cutting C. be stopped to cut D. be stopped from cutting10. Mrs. Green wants to buy that kind of cloth (布) because she_that the cloth_very well.A. has been told; washesB. has told; washesC. has been told; is washedD. is told; is washed二、把下列句
14、子改写成被动语态：1. My parents bough me a nice gift last weekend.A nice gift_.I_.2. I will send the children in poor areas some books tomorrow.Some books_.The children in poor areas_.3. John often makes us laugh. _.4. Amy didnt lock the door last night. _.5. The Special Olympics World Games include many eve
15、nts. _.三、用括号内所给动词的正确形式填空：1. Last Friday afternoon the young man_(hurt) in the traffic accident on the highway.2. Can food_(keep) properly in a fridge at an unsuitable temperature?3. The room_(use) as our kitchen in the future.4. Usually, the thunder is_(hear) after the lightning.5. Not only Sandy bu
16、t also her friends_(choose) as members of the Computer Club.6. An e-mail address_(need) when you want to send an e-mail.7. You can watch TV after your homework_(do).8. All the rules_ (explain) to us clearly before the game started.9. The doctor will operate on her as soon as she_(send) to the hospit
17、al.10.-Excuse me, when can we play badminton at the court? -Not until it_ (repair) next week.11. Every day an old man can be seen_(clean) the street in the morning.12. I really hope the meeting_ (end) in ten minutes.13. This kind of books_well and they_out last week. (sell)14. -Does the course_any l
18、istening practice?-Yes. Both listening practice and writing practice_ (include).四、完成下列句子：1.必须采取措施阻止此类事故在我校发生。 Something_this kind of accident_in our school.2.老师要求我们保持教室的清洁。 We_by the teacher.3.消防队员将很快控制火势。 The fire_by the fireman.4.这本字典是不可以被带出图书馆的。 The dictionary_.5.上课时让你站起来你再站。 Please_stand up in c
19、lass_.6.这些孩子已经得到了很好的照料。 The children have_.7.去年他被迫给他的老板一天工作十五个小时。 He_for his boss 15 hours a day last year. 参考答案单项选择CBCBDBBADA改写句子1.A nice gift was bought for me by my parents last weekend;/I was bought a nice gift by my parents last weekend. 2.Some books will be sent to children in poor areas by me
20、 tomorrow. /The children in poor areas will be sent some books by me tomorrow. 3.We are often made to laugh by John. 4.The door wasnt locked by Amy last night. 5.Many events are included by thee Special Olympics World Games. 动词填空was hurtbe keptwill be usedis heardwere chosenis neededis donewere expl
21、ainedis sentis repairedto cleanwill endsells; were soldinclude; are included 完成句子1. must be done to prevent; from happening2. are asked to keep our classroom clean3. will be controlled soon4. cannot be taken out of the library5. dont; until you are told to6. been taken good care of7. was made to work
