1、最新非谓语动词易错题集锦一、单项选择非谓语动词1In 1938, Pearl S. Buck became the first American woman the Nobel Prize for Literature.Awinning BwinCwon Dto win【答案】D【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意:1938年,赛珍珠成为第一个获得诺贝尔文学奖的美国女性。中心词由序数词修饰,用不定式作后置定语,故选D。2Several years ago they found in England a tomb of a man _ from around 2,300 BCAdatedBdatingC
2、datesDto date【答案】B【解析】【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意:几年前,他们在英格兰发现了一个可追溯至公元前2300年左右的男子坟墓。date from表示“追溯到(某一时期),始于(某一时期)”,a tomb of a man(男子的坟墓)与date from之间为主动关系,应使用现在分词短语作后置定语,若用句子表示二者之间的关系,可以说成A tomb of a man dates from around 2,300 BC故选B。3_ to nuclear radiation, even for a short time, may influence genes in human
3、bodies.AHaving exposedBBeing exposedCTo exposeDExposed【答案】B【解析】【详解】考查动名词。句意:暴露于核辐射中甚至很短时间都会影响人体的基因。分析句子成分发现even for a short time是插入语,may influence是谓语,前面的部分应该是主语,be exposed to“暴露于”,要用动名词Being exposed to。故B选项正确。4In 2012, Sun Yang became the first Chinese man _ an Olympic gold medal in swimming.Awinnin
4、gBto winChaving wonDbeing won【答案】B【解析】【详解】考查不定式作定语。句意:在2012年,孙杨成为第一个获得奥运会游泳比赛金牌的中国男运动员。当名词前面有序数词修饰或被修饰的词就是序数词的时候,通常要用不定式作定语。如the first to come and the last to leave,本句中Chinese man前面有序数词the first修饰,所以后面要用不定式作定语。故B项正确。5 He is thought _foolishly .Now he has no one but himself to blame for losing the jo
5、b.Ato act B to have acted C acting Dhaving acted【答案】B【解析】试题分析:句型“有人认为.已.”可用It is thought/ believed/ .that sb have/has done.结构。从句中的动作发生在主句动作之前。该结构可转化为sb is thought/believed +不定式的完成式。如:ItisreportedthatChengYifeidiedseveraldaysago.ThenewsreportsthatChengYifeidiedseveraldaysago.ChengYifeiisreportedtohav
6、ediedseveraldaysago. 因此B选项正确。句意为“ 有人认为他已做了一件傻事。现在应怪他自己丢掉这份工作。”考点:考查动词非谓语形式。6With Fathers Day around the corner, I have taken some money out of the bank _ presents for my dadAbuy Bto buy Cbuying Dto have bought【答案】B【解析】句意:父亲节将要到来, 为了给爸爸买礼物我已经从银行取了一些钱。题干中空格划在名词后, 但是空格后的部分不是对bank解释说明, 而是说明取钱的目的, 因此此题中非
7、谓语动词做目的状语, 非谓语动词中不定式做状语用来表示目的, 因此选择B7Young people may risk deaf if they are exposed to very loud music every day.Ato goBto have goneCgoingDhaving gone【答案】C【解析】risk意为冒的危险,用法为risk doing something,冒险干某事,因此排除AB, D项中额having done意为已经干了某事,与此处句意不符,因此选择C项,句意为,如果年轻人每天都暴露在非常吵闹的音乐声中,他们可能有耳朵失聪的危险。【考点定位】考察动词用法。8T
8、he discovery of gold in Australia led thousands to believe that a fortune _.Ais madeBwould makeCwas to be madeDhad made【答案】C【解析】试题分析:考查时态。句义:在澳大利亚的黄金的发现让成千上万的人相信要发财了。A. I made 一般过去时B. would make过去将来时C. was to be made 表过去将来且命中注定D. had made 过去完成时,根据句义是过去完成时,所以AD不对,根据题干黄金的发现所以注定要发财,所以C正确。考点:考查时态。9 ours
9、elves from the physical and mental tensions, we each need deep thought and inner quietness.AHaving freedBFreedCTo freeDFreeing【答案】C【解析】试题分析:在 if 引导的条件状语从句中,如果从句谈论的是一个有可能发生的事实及其产生的相关的结果,主句用一般将来时态,从句用一般现在时态。此句中的whos to say that another person will?可知主句用的是将来时,故if引导的条件状语从句要用一般现在时。句意:这就是为什么我要使人们的日子变得鲜活起来
10、。如果你不这样做,你说谁会这样做?【考点定位】考查if引导的条件状语。10_ your own needs and styles of communication is as important as learning to convey your affection and emotions.AUnderstandingBTo be understoodCBeing understoodDHaving understood【答案】A【解析】【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意:了解你自己的需求和沟通方式与学习传达你的感情和情绪同样重要。不定式(短语)或动名词(短语)均可作主语,区别在于不定式常表示将
11、来,是特指;而动名词表示一般情况,是泛指。而本句指的是普遍现象,属泛指,故用动名词较好。故选A。11Jenny hopes that Mr Smith will suggest a good way to have her written English _ in a short period.AimprovedBimprovingCto improveDimprove【答案】A【解析】宾语written English与improve之间为动宾关系,故用过去分词作宾补。12Did Peter fix the computer himself?He _,because he doesnt kn
12、ow much about computers.Ahas it fixedBhad fixed itChad it fixedDfixed it【答案】C【解析】【详解】考查固定短语。句意:Peter自己修的电脑吗?他让别人修的,因为他不太懂电脑。have sb. done是过去分词作宾语补足语,表示“使(让,请)别人做某事”。根据所提供的情景because he doesnt know much about computers可判断出他找别人维修了电脑。故选C。13Recently a survey _ prices of the same goods in two different su
13、permarkets has caused heated debate among citizens.AcomparedBcomparingCcomparesDbeing compared【答案】B【解析】【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意:最近,一项对两家不同超市的同种商品价格进行比较的调查在市民中引起了激烈的争论。分析句子结构可知,该句的主语是a survey,谓语动词是has caused,宾语是heated debate。可见,句子结构是完整的,因此我们要选择的只能是非谓语动词形式。survey与compare之间存在主动关系,因此用现在分词短语作后置定语。故选B。14Be careful
14、when you deal with this chemical, as it will explode when _ to sunlight.AexposedBto exposeCexposingDbeing exposed【答案】A【解析】试题分析:考查非谓语动词。本题考查短语be exposed to暴露与。句意:处理这种化学物质时要小心,因为它暴露在阳光下时会爆炸。故A正确。考点:考查非谓语动词15127Everything _ into due consideration, she eventually decided to further her education at home
15、.Ahaving taken Bto be taken Cbeing taken Dtaken【答案】D【解析】考查过去分词的独立主格结构。句意:考虑到一切,她最终决定继续在家接受教育。因为本题逗号前后没有连词,所以逗号前面不能是句子。故使用独立主格结构。因为everything与take into consideration构成被动关系,故使用过去分词的形式。故D正确。【名师点睛】独立主格结构可以与状语从句互换。本句=After everything was taken into consideration. 独立主格结构,是由“名词或代词+现在分词、过去分词、不定式、形容词短语、名词短语、
16、介词短语或副词短语”构成的一种独立结构。在该结构中,名词或代词与其后的部分构成逻辑上的主谓关系,用来修饰谓语动词或整个句子。在句中作状语,表示“时间、条件、原因、伴随,方式或结果”等含义。其位置比较灵活,放于句首句末均可。1. 名词(代词)+现在分词The clock striking twelve, I went to bed.(表原因)2. 名词(代词)+过去分词He lay there on his back, his teeth set, his right hand clenched on his breast.(表伴随)3. 名词(代词)+不定式Here are the first
17、 three volumes, the fourth one to come out next month.(表伴随)4. 名词(代词)+形容词短语Her face pale with anger, she rose to go away.(表原因)5. 名词(代词)+介词短语Then, last night, I followed him here and climbed in, sword in hand.(表方式)6. 名词(代词)+副词短语Summer over, the students returned to school.(表原因)7. 名词(代词)+名词短语His first
18、shot a failure, Tom fired again.(表原因)16Hearing the news, she rushed out, _ the book _ on the table and disappeared into the distance.Aleft; lain openBleft; lay openedCleaving; lie openedDleaving; lying open【答案】D【解析】【详解】考查现在分词。句意:听见这个消息,她冲了出去,留在书本打开着放在桌子上,就消失在远处了。第一空leave与she构成主动关系,使用现在分词的形式。第二空the b
19、ook与lie构成主动关系,还是使用现在分词的形式,open是形容词表示状态,lying open是宾语补足语,对the book进行补充说明。故D选项正确。【点睛】leave的几种用法leave除了离开之外,还有以下几种用法:一、作留下、丢下、落下,常表示某物落在/忘在某地。二、 表示留给、交给,一般与介词with或to搭配。三、 leave作使役动词,表示使/ 让保持某种状态。 用形容词作宾语补足语 用不定式作宾语补足语 用现在分词作宾语补足语 用过去分词作宾语补足语 还可用名词、介词短语等作宾语补足语 四、 leave的过去分词left,常用作后置定语,表示剩下的。五、 leave还可作
20、名词,表示休假、假期。分析句子可知,leave作使役动词,表示使/ 让保持某种状态。第一空leaving是一个现在分词做状语的用法,因为leave与he构成主动关系,就使用现在分词的形式。第二空the book与lie构成主动关系,还是使用现在分词的形式,open是一个形容词表示状态,Lying open是宾语补足语,对the book进行补充说明。故D选项正确。17Mr. Wang made up his mind to devote all he could _ his oral English before going abroad.AimproveBto improvingCimpro
21、vingDto improve【答案】B【解析】【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意:王先生决心在出国前尽其所能提高英语口语。此处是devoteto“将奉献给;把专用于”,to是介词,he could (devote)是all的定语从句,由此可知,B项正确。故选B。18The lecture _, a lively question-and answer session followed.Abeing givenBhad been givenCto be givenDhaving been given【答案】D【解析】【详解】考查非谓语动词用法。句意:发表演讲之后,接下来是现场提问时间。句中逻辑主语l
22、ecture与动词give是被动关系,故需要用被动语态。being given指正在进行的演讲;to be given将要发表的演讲。having been given则强调时间先后,指的是此动作发生在谓语动词follow的动作之前。故选D项。19Moving to Canada for higher education has been exciting. On the first day of term, there were crowds of people in the dormitory, all where they should go.Alooked forBlooking fo
23、rCwere looking forDhad been looking for【答案】B【解析】【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意:到加拿大接受高等教育令人兴奋,开学第一天,宿舍挤满了人,大家都在找自己该去的地方。People与look for是逻辑上的主谓关系,表示主动,用现在分词作伴随状语,故B项正确。20After a decade or so, out of choices, he returned to where hed begun, ashamed at having so little to show for his wanderings.Abeing run BrunningCto
24、 run Dhaving run【答案】D【解析】【详解】考查现在分词。句意:大约十年后,在没有选择的情况下,他回到了他开始的地方,为自己的拼搏没有什么收获而感到羞愧。run out of “用光,耗尽” 与主语he在逻辑上是主动关系,且表示的动作明显发生在return之前,所以用现在分词的完成时having run of。故D选项正确。【点睛】非谓语动词是考试考查的重点,要掌握它的用法。首先,要弄清楚填空处要填的是非谓语。其次,要知道非谓语动词的三种形式:现在分词表示主动进行、过去分词表示被动完成、动词不定式表示目的和将要。再次,要知道非谓语动作与谓语动作是同时发生还是先后发生,还是将要发生
25、。其中分词做状语的考查尤为重要。分析句子可知,本句的主语为he,谓语为returned, run out of “用光,耗尽”为非谓语 与主语he在逻辑上是主动关系,且表示的动作明显发生在return的之前,所以用现在分词的完成时having run of。故D选项正确。21(天津)I didnt mean _anything but the ice cream looked so good that I couldnt help_ it.Ato eat;to try Beating;tryingCeating;to try Dto eat; trying【答案】D【解析】考查短语固定搭配。句
26、意:我不打算吃任何东西,但冰淇淋看起来如此的好以至于我忍不住的要试一试。固定短语短语mean to do(打算做),couldnt help doing忍不住做。故选D。点睛:本题考查动词短语固定搭配。同学在平时学习中要多把握动词不同搭配的不同含义,本题需要区分“mean to do打算做”与“mean doing意味着做”和“cant help to do sth.不能帮助做”与“couldnt help doing忍不住做”之间的含义。22-Youve made great progress in your studies of English, havent you? - Yes, bu
27、t much_.Aremains to doBis remained to doCis remained to be doneDremains to be done【答案】D【解析】【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意:你的英语学习取得了很大的进步,是吗?是的,但还有很多工作要做。根据句意和结构可知remain表示“仍然”,不能用被动语态,而且much和do是被动关系,表示将要发生的事情,用不定式,因此应使用不定式的被动式。故选D。23(北京)_the early flight, we ordered a taxi in advance and got up very early.ACatchingB
28、CaughtCTo catchDCatch【答案】C【解析】【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意:为了赶上早班的飞机,我们提前叫了出租车并且起得很早。这里逻辑主语是we,空中用不定式作目的状语,表示提前交出租车并且早起的目的。故选C。【名师点睛】此题应抓住逻辑主语与从句的关系,然后从句意中看出句子中缺少的成份,可以知道这里用不定式做目的状语,意思是“为了”,学生需要注意非谓语动词中现在分词、过去分词、不定式和各种动词在句子中做的成份,才可以做好此类题。24. Teamwork is very important in modern society. _ an effective team member
29、, you need todevelop a team attitude.ABecomeBBecomingCHaving becomeDTo become【答案】D【解析】【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意:团队合作在现代社会非常重要。作为一个高效的团队成员,你需要培养团队的态度。分析句子结构可知,此处做目的状语,应用不定式,故选D。25_ warm at night, I would fill the woodstove, then set my alarm clock for midnight so I could refill it.AStayingBStayedCTo stayDStay【答
30、案】C【解析】【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意:为了保暖,我把柴炉填好,然后把闹钟调在子夜,好又添柴。表目的,为了什么,用不定式来表示。故选C。26. He dressed himself quickly and _ his schoolbag, went to school.AcarriedBto carryCcarryingDCarries【答案】C【解析】【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意:他快速地穿衣,带着他的书包,去上学。f分析句子成分可知,carry his schoolbag作伴随状语,做谓语动词went to school的伴随状语用现在分词。故选C。27There are still
31、many problems _ before we are ready for a long stay on the Moon.AsolvingBsolvedCbeing solvedDto be solved【答案】D【解析】【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意:在我们准备在月球上长期停留之前,还有许多问题要解决。根据非谓语动词作定语的规则,现在分词表示主动和正在发生,过去分词表示被动或完成,而不定式表示将要发生,故选D。28When I got home I saw a message pinned to the door _ “Sorry to miss you, will call you l
32、ater.”AreadBreadingCreadsDto read【答案】B【解析】【分析】【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意:当我回家的时候,我看见别在门上的便条,上面写着“很遗憾错过了你,我会再打电话的。”read与message是逻辑主谓关系,意为“便条上写着”,应使用现在分词做定语,表主动。故选B。29Some of them, _ in rural villages, had never seen a train.Ato be born and brought upBborn and brought upChaving born and brought upDhaving been bor
33、n and brought up【答案】B【解析】【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意:他们中的一些人,在农村长大,从来没见过火车。分析句子可知,in rural villages部分为定语,修饰Some of them,与其为动宾关系,故用过去分词形式,同时也是表示一种状态,故选B。【点睛】过去分词作定语,过去分词作定语可以位于名词之前或名词之后。位于名词之前的过去分词定语一般只有单个词。The new product finally passed the required test. 新产品终于通过了要求的测试。Those repeated efforts were still inadequat
34、e. 这些重复的努力仍然不足。过去分词之前还可以有副词修饰,如:The prime minister issued a cautiously worded statement this afternoon. 今天下午首相发表了一份措辞谨慎的声明。如果是过去分词短语或结构,则放在名词后作后置定语。The idea presented by Peter is much simpler. 彼得提出的想法要简单得多。It is a house built by the Romans. 它是一栋古罗马人建的房屋。本题为过去分词作定语,修饰主语。30(福建) _ basic first-aid techniques will help you respond quickly to emergencies.AKnownBHaving knownCKnowingDBeing known【答案】C【解析】【详解】考查动名词。句意:了解基本的急救知识可以帮助您快速应对紧急情况。分析句子成分,谓语是will help,所以前面的是主语,用动名词做主语,故选C项。